Cherry Ural Ruby: description of the variety, planting, care

The article presents the Ural Rubinovaya cherry: a description of the variety, complete instructions for planting, care.

Cherry Ural Ruby: variety description

Cherry Ural Ruby: photo of the variety

At the moment, of all existing varieties of cherries, and there are about 15 of them, only 5 are edible: Magaleb, felt, steppe, sweet cherry and ordinary, no longer found in nature. The varieties were obtained by selective sampling and crossed pollination of wild cherry species. The number of available cultivar varieties is unknown, since fresh ones appear every day, and those that become obsolete are destroyed in a special way. Cherry Ural Rubinovaya is one of the oldest varieties and will be in demand among summer residents and gardeners in the north of the country for a long time to come.

Cherry Ural Rubinovaya: the history of breeding varieties

Cherry Ural Ruby: photo of the variety

The first representatives of the Uralskaya Rubinovaya cherry variety were bred by S.V. Zhukov and N.I. Gvozdyukova in 1954 at a gardening station in Sverdlovsk. Cherry passed the state variety test in 1955, and in 1959 it was entered into the State Register.

Uralskaya Ruby Cherry is a mutant cherry for steppe cultivation, created by mixing the Ideal variety and various Michurin varieties. It was created primarily for planting in the climatic regime of Siberia and the Urals. Today, the main goal of cultivating and using the variety is to create new varieties based on the properties of Uralskaya Rubinova, for example, high fertility, tolerance to cold and heat.

Cherry varieties Ural Rubinovaya: the main characteristics

Cherry Ural Ruby: photo of the variety

Cherry variety Uralskaya Rubinovaya grows in the form of a bush, like other representatives of the steppe cherry. Its height is most often equated to 1.5 m. The crown is spreading, presented in the form of a wide circle, the branches are bent low to the ground. Young shoots are most often dirty green, but over time they change color to purple-brown and become exposed. Leaves are oval in shape, with a pointed tip and jagged edges. Above the leaf is dark green, and below it is lighter. Flowers are formed either on the shoots of inflorescences or on annual twigs.

For reference! The shoots of inflorescences are branches about 3 cm long, on which up to 10 flower buds are formed.

The fruits of the Uralskaya Rubinovaya cherry variety are round, medium-sized, weighing no more than 3.5 g, dark scarlet. This variety is considered a griot, which suggests that its pulp and nectar have the same color as the berry itself, that is, scarlet. The cherry is sweet and sour to the taste, quite pleasant and soft. The bone is small, it leaves the pulp easily. The stalk is not long, it clings tightly to the berry, allowing it to separate only after the final ripening.

These cherries can be grown in regions with any type of climate, however, cooler climates are most suitable. It can be found in regions such as Western Siberia, the Urals and the Volgo-Vyatka region.

The State Register currently contains about 30 varieties of steppe cherry, including Ural Rubinovaya cherry. Even seventy years after registration in the register, this variety is still in demand.

Susceptibility to frost and drought

Cherry variety Uralskaya Rubinovaya was created mainly for cultivation in harsh weather conditions. We can say that it can adapt itself to absolutely any climate, among which there is arid one. Ovaries and shoots can tolerate temperatures below -35 degrees. The most important characteristic that helps a plant to withstand frost is its size, because this cherry is a shrub, and during winter it is almost completely covered with snow.

Cherry Ural Ruby: pollinators, flowering period and fruit formation

Cherry Uralskaya Rubinovaya is a rather late variety, and depending on the habitat and weather, it begins to bloom in late May or early June. But it begins to bear fruit in the middle, sometimes closer to the end of August. Due to the fact that the stalk clings tightly to the base of the berry, the fruits will definitely finish flowering completely and will not crumble ahead of time.

Since the plant blooms relatively late, this helps to rid its components of the late frosts of the northern spring and wait for the arrival of insects that can pollinate the cherry. Pollination is a very important process for the variety, due to the fact that it is self-fertile. The most suitable pollinators are Mayak, Polevka, Alatyrskaya, Zagrebenskaya and Schedrai.

Remarkable! If you want a better fertilization, you should plant the plants at a distance of about 40 m from each other.

It is also interesting that the Uralskaya Rubinovaya cherry variety can be grown not only to obtain fruits, but also to use it as a pollinator for cherry varieties that bear fruit and bloom at the latest. Pollination by this plant occurs quickly and very efficiently. It can also be used as a material for breeding new varieties.

The quantity and quality of fruits brought

Cherry variety Uralskaya Rubinovaya bears fruit steadily from year to year, yielding an excellent harvest. All berries ripen at the same time, and you can harvest quickly in one go. An active mature shrub under conditions favorable for ripening can bear fruit weighing 10 kg. And in general, there is rarely a crop weighing less than 6 kg. In the case of cultivation under industrial conditions, the weight of the harvested fruits reaches 60-90 c / ha from year to year.

The Ural Rubinovaya cherry begins to bear fruit early, somewhere in 2-3 years after planting. Cherry bears fruit consistently for 13-15 years. Further, the yield begins to decline, however, if the purpose of the berries is to prepare jam and compotes for the family, then the bush will bear fruit for up to 25-30 years.

Berry eating options

Before planting a variety in your garden, you need to understand that it is agronomic. This means that the berries are mainly used for heat treatment, that is, for cooking jams and other sweet things. In other matters, cherries can be eaten raw, but the taste of berries is inferior to other types, which means it is better to choose them.

The fruits of the Ural Rubinovaya cherry can be harvested unripe, they ripen during aging. Also, berry sellers should take into account the fact that fruits that have already ripened can crack, which will ruin their appearance.

Tolerance to diseases and pests

A disease called coccomycosis is a real death for many varieties of cherries, and at the moment it poses the greatest danger. At the time of the creation of Ural Rubinova, this ailment was not so dangerous, therefore, the creators declare its rather poor tolerance to diseases of this type, the risk of getting sick in cherries is quite high.

The pests that can most seriously threaten the plant include the sawfly and cherry aphid. It is not common for insects to damage this cherry, but the bush should be cleaned to avoid trouble.

Pros and cons of the variety

Cherry variety Uralskaya Rubinovaya can be classified as one of the best technical varieties of cherries. Its main pluses are:

• The plant begins to bear fruit early; the first fruits can be harvested already 3 years after planting in the garden.
• The variety bears fruit for a long time, approximately 30 years.
• High tolerance to low temperatures, up to -35 degrees.
• Resistant to heat and drought.
• The small size of the shrub makes it easier to harvest.
• Suitable for growing in cold northern latitudes.
• Good vitamin content of fruits.
• Lack of difficulties in leaving.

And to disadvantages shrub cherry Ural Ruby can be attributed to:

• Late ripening, harvesting of fruits begins by the end of August, sometimes even by the beginning of September.
• A small amount of fruit produced.
• Berries are not suitable for fresh consumption, they have a specific taste.
• Mandatory need for pollination.
• Low level of tolerance of coccomycosis and other diseases.

Landing specifics

Despite the possibility of planting in any region, the most comfortable conditions for the bush are in the northern regions. In the south, the variety is doing pretty badly.

Locality and seating period

A more suitable period for planting shrubs in the north will be the beginning of spring. The bush should be planted in the garden before flowering. There is also an option for planting in the fall, but you need to be prepared for the fact that the cherry may not have time to take root before frost.

The best landing site is on a sloping hill with good light on the west or northwest side. Growth in the plains is slower, and in low places it is at risk of disease and will not bear much fruit.

The soil cannot be oxidized, it cannot be fertile, loamy soils are best suited. Groundwater should be 2 m deep from the surface.

Selection and organization of landing resources

It is better to buy Ural Rubinovaya shrub cherry seedlings not in stores, but in horticultural centers and nurseries. The variety must be suitable for the temperature conditions of the region. To avoid the death of grafted cherries in winter, you need to buy a stock for this region as well.

Annual plants should be taken with a height of no more than 80 cm, two-year plants - 110 cm. If overgrowing up to 150 cm, nitrogen should be removed from the feed. This can be signaled by a change in the color of the bark from brown to green. You also need to monitor the cherry root system to maintain its health.

Note! It is better to choose seedlings and shoots with their own roots or with a dormant bud.

Disembarkation sequence

Shrub cherries Uralskaya Rubinovaya should be planted at a distance so that they do not block each other's light. In addition, it will help to avoid a heap of contamination of cherries with diseases. The best choice of area is 4 × 2.5 × 3 m.

The landing algorithm is as follows:

• The roots of the seedlings should be placed in water for about 3 hours.
• Next, dig holes 50x50x50 cm, fill them with a bucket of humus, 50 g of salt and phosphate fertilizers.
• If there is an excess of clay, sand should be added to the soil, and lime or special flour should be added to acids.
• The neck of the root should be 5 cm above the ground when planting.
• Fill the pit with a vitamin mixture, tamping it.
• Watering is worth 2-3 buckets per bush.
• It is better to block the trunk with earth and mulch.

Further plant maintenance

Cherry should be constantly watered during 1 year of life in the garden. After the area near the trunk, mulch and weed weeds. Watering only dry bushes. The most important period for watering is fertilization and ovary formation. It is worth stopping watering 2-3 weeks before harvesting the fruits. For a safe wintering in the event of a dry autumn, you need to recharge the bush with moisture.

The most important fertilizers are nitrogen and potash, slightly less phosphorus. And so you can simply fall asleep after harvesting ash and humus. Sanitary pruning is carried out in the bush to avoid disease, and shaping - to prune too long shoots. It is also worth cutting off dry branches.

Attention! The best time for circumcision is spring.

To protect cherry trunks from rodents, they need to be tied with reeds, straw, burlap and other material similar in properties in the fall, before the onset of frost.

Diseases and parasites

Most often, the plant is not damaged by parasites, but by various fungal diseases. To combat this, after the end of flowering, cherries are sprayed with a medicine containing copper, in the fall with iron vitriol.
When pests appear, the bush is subject to insecticide treatment every 2 weeks.
Uralskaya Rubinovaya is an excellent technical variety that is best grown in northern climates. With proper care and treatment of viruses, it will yield a good harvest and help with pollination of other varieties.

Cherry Ural Ruby: reviews

S.I. Zharov (58 years old), KhMAO

Temperatures below 30 degrees are the norm in our area, and many shrubs are dying. And the shrub cherry variety Uralskaya Rubinovaya does an excellent job. Only I have to cover the trunk with a spruce tree, to protect it from the action of animal pests. It is also good protection against freezing. The cold weather does not bother the cherry, but it seems that it lacks the sun - the berries are not very tasty. But we will still cook jam and fruit drinks from them for the winter.

L.M. Kuzmina (62 years old), Perm

I have been growing cherries of the Ural Rubinovaya variety for a long time. I cook twists out of it for the winter for my family. Jam is better made from the berries of this variety than from sweeter fruits. I noticed this by observing other varieties in my garden. It turns out that she also pollinates my seedlings! Now it is clear why my cherries grow better and faster than my neighbors.

Cherry Ural Ruby: video about the variety