Cherry steppe Salamatovskaya: description, characteristics
Content:
The article presents the steppe cherry Salamatovskaya: description, history, characteristics, advantages.
Cherry steppe Salamatovskaya: variety description
Steppe cherry Salamatovskaya
This variety was acquired through free cultivation of the best forms of steppe cherry. The breeding was carried out by M.N.Salamatov, V.S.Simagin, V.P. Belousova - workers of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the SB RAS. State variety trials have been carried out on the variety since 1995.
The bush is not large, about 1-1.5 m high, not too dense, but with a huge number of leaves. The bark at the trunk is smooth, without roughness, light brown in color with a shade of gray. The branches grow upward, slightly curved, change their color the next year from brown-green to light gray; there are few small yellowish-gray knots. Vegetative eyes in the form of an oval pointed at the end are slightly behind the branch. Leaves are small, 5 × 2.5 cm, light green, oval; the upper tip is rounded, the very base of the sheet is in the form of a wedge with evenly serrated edges. The surface is smooth, without fluff from below, the boat-shaped leaf plate is slightly bent; the plane of the plate is dotted with 2-3 small glands. The leaf stalk is quite strong, 1.6 cm long, greenish. Flowers are arranged in umbrellas, the diameter of which is 24 mm, 4-5 in each, a saucer-shaped flower halo, white petals are tightly pressed to each other; stomata are located above anthers; goblet-shaped bowl, triangular stalks, slightly rounded, without teeth; the pistil is about 12 mm long, and the stamens are up to 12 mm. It can bloom both on annual branches and in inflorescences.
Steppe cherry Salamatovskaya: description of fruits
Cherry steppe Salamatovskaya: description
The fruit is not very large, its weight reaches about 2.5 g, the berry is 18 mm high, 17 mm wide, and 15 mm thick; has an elongated oval shape, similar to a pear, with a round top and no hole for the handle. The skin is bright red, firm and smooth. The pulp is slightly lighter in color than the skin, juicy and soft; the tail is thin, about 2.7 cm long. The knuckle also has the shape of an elongated oval with a round top, its weight is about 0.13-0.15 g, this is about 5% of the weight of the entire berry, from which it is quite easily separated. In general, the fruit is very pretty and pleasant; has a sweet and at the same time sour taste, slightly tart. The fruits contain many different substances: 14.9%, dry substrate, 0.97% acids, 11.8% sugars and 19 mg / 100 g of ascorbic acid. The fruit is easily detached from the stalk. The fruits of this variety can be easily harvested using the technique for harvesting berries. They are also suitable for fresh consumption or for heat treatment.
How Salamatovskaya steppe cherry blossoms and reproduces
Salamatovskaya steppe cherry
Flowering begins relatively late, in late May - early June; fruits ripen quickly, but stretched out, beginning about June 25 and later; The variety begins to bear fruit after 3-4 years from the moment of planting in the garden. Reproduction takes place with the help of greenish cuttings or shoots, the stem itself can live for 10-11 years. This cherry is pollinated by various varieties of steppe cherry, the flowering of which occurs at about the same time as it, for example, a variety Heartand she is also self-fertile. Fruiting frequently, abundantly and in a timely manner. The amount of harvest from one bush is about 4-6 kg; when planted on an area of 3 × 1.5 m, it gives about 85-130 c / ha.
Variety resistance, advantages, disadvantages
Aged trunk wood, generative shoots and young branches tolerate winter temperatures well, inflorescences are rather weak for spring frosts. Resists drought at high levels and high temperatures at medium levels. It is rather weakly protected from coccomycosis, tolerates moniliosis a little better. Shows good resistance to clasterosporia and witch's broom. The reaction to bacterial, viral and mycoplasma diseases has not been studied. Gum removal and calcareous chlorosis do not cause severe damage to the plant. It is resistant to pests from such insects as slimy sawfly, cherry aphid, plum moth, cherry and bird cherry elephants. Resistance to other pests has not been assessed. It takes root well in gardens with an intensive regime.
The advantages of the variety include a high level of resistance to winter temperature extremes, a large amount of harvest, the suitability of fruits for use in any form and rather late flowering.
The disadvantages include self-infertility, a relatively small size of fruits, a high incidence of the variety with coccomycosis and clotterosporia.