Cherry - all about culture, variety description, cultivation. Photo.

Now many summer residents are beginning to feast on cherries. And some are only planning to plant this crop on their site. They also say about cherries that this is a real home pharmacy! Many varieties of cherries really useful and have medicinal properties. Today we will talk about how to choose the right cherry variety, grow it in your country house.

Useful properties of cherries.

It's no secret that many fruits have a lot of useful properties. Any berry contains many vitamins and minerals, and cherries are no exception. This berry contains a lot of vitamins B and E. Also, cherries contain glucose, potassium, magnesium, iodine, zinc and other trace elements. You have noticed that cherries contain a little acid, so these are Apple, Citric and Succinic acids. If you eat cherries in the spring, then you will not be afraid of kidney diseases, arthrosis and anemia. It is also used to reduce the frequency of heart attacks, as well as for stomach diseases.

In fact, the health benefits of cherries are uncountable. This is a real home pharmacy.

Cherry varieties.

Of course, cherries have a lot of varieties and varieties. Therefore, you need to learn to understand them correctly. Cherry roots are pivotal, skeletal are both vertical and horizontal. In general, the root system does not penetrate very deeply into the ground. Therefore, you should always take this into account when cultivating the soil. However, if you want to get rid of young growth, you will need to dig up the area and remove the cherries from the root. This is due to the fact that the root system forms new shoots very quickly. Speaking of the ground part of the cherry, we can note that usually the cherry is a tree or shrub with dense wood.

Usually this crop begins to bear fruit as early as the third year after planting. However, the timing of fruiting also depends on the cherry variety. Bush cherry attracts gardeners by the fact that they do not need to use any improvised means to harvest, and cherries can be perfectly picked while standing on the ground. Note that bush cherries give the first harvest earlier.

The first cherry varieties for cultivation in the central regions of our country appeared in the Vladimir and Kursk provinces. And then they spread across central Russia. Cherry varieties come in early, medium and late ripening times, so always think about when you want to harvest. Moreover, the earliest cherry varieties ripen at the beginning of June, and the later ones - at the end of August. In Central Russia, the following varieties can be grown: Malinovka, Youth, Brunette, Chocolate girl and others. In order to be sure that the cherry will take root in local conditions, it is advisable to buy seedlings from your region. However, even in the Urals, cherries are currently being grown, namely varieties: Metelitsa, Mayak, Ob, etc. These varieties of cherries are very winter-hardy and early ripening, therefore, even in harsh climatic conditions, they are able to give a high and plentiful harvest.

Cherry agrotechnics.

Cherry grows in almost all regions of our country, and, of course, in all Dachas. It is very useful and has many medicinal properties, as we noted above. In addition, this plant is very unpretentious and grows in the most unfavorable conditions. In order for the cherry to feel comfortable, it needs fertile soil, good lighting and a site protected from the wind. It is best to plant cherries near a building or along a fence.It should also be noted that cherries are very moisture resistant, so they tolerate heat and drought well.

Cherries are usually planted in early spring, after the ground warms up well and the snow melts. Pay attention to the variety of the seedling, its growth characteristics and disease resistance. Before planting, it is recommended to lower the roots of the seedling with water with appropriate fertilizer for a couple of hours, then you will need to dig a hole for planting. And remember that the distance between the trees should be about three meters, and in the aisles not less than 2. You can dig a planting hole in the fall, filling it with peat, sand and humus until spring. Also, when planting a seedling, be sure to spread the roots of the plant, then cover it with earth and water the seedling. Sometimes it is recommended to mulch the soil near the seedlings.

Correct care.

It is believed that cherries should not be fertilized for the first few years. However, it must be watered in a timely manner and removed weeds around. But don't dig the soil too deep, as the cherry root system is located almost on the surface. Cherries are usually fertilized in the fourth year after planting. Usually mineral and organic fertilizers are applied, namely wood ash, phosphorus-potassium and nitrogen fertilizers. Don't forget to water the plants on time. If the summer is very dry, this should be done regularly.

For the first winter, it is recommended to cover the cherry and make sure that the snow near the cherry does not rise more than a meter from the surface of the earth. The plant must also be cut in a timely manner. This is usually done either in early spring before bud break, or in late autumn before frost. When carrying out sanitary pruning, it is necessary to remove diseased branches and dilute the crown. Do not touch the skeletal branches, as they usually create the first tier of the tree. Do not allow the crown to thicken. Also, mercilessly remove the side shoots between the ninth and tenth and skeletal branches.

Preventive actions.

To protect against diseases, it is undesirable to use chemical preparations, but it is only necessary to carry out preventive measures in a timely manner. To do this, you need to remove fallen leaves on time, mulch the soil and do not forget to cover the plants for the winter. In the spring, it is advisable to whitewash the lower part of the tree in order to protect the bark from burns and protect it from many pests and diseases.

However, if a cherry fly, spider mite or shoot moth have settled on your tree, then you cannot avoid treatment. But it is also necessary to spray with biological products correctly, following the instructions. In fact, growing cherries is easy. And it is even more pleasant to eat it.