Apple tree Spartak

In the Volga region, the climate is not the most favorable for the cultivation of fruit plants. The summer season in this area is hot, with high temperature conditions up to fifty-five degrees and with rather severe winter periods. The natural area is mixed. Dust storms and dry winds often occur in this region. But in spite of the climate, breeders bred many fruit plants for the Volga region. One of the best crops is the Apple tree Spartak. Gardeners appreciated this variety very well, as it has its own advantages and features. However, to grow this apple tree in your garden plot, you should familiarize yourself with all agrotechnical rules.

Apple tree Spartak: variety description and characteristics

Apple tree Spartak: photo of the variety

The Spartak apple variety is an autumn crop. The apple tree was bred thanks to selection work carried out for many years. In 1934, on the basis of an experimental station in Samara, SP Kedrin announced that he would develop and obtain the best variety for the conditions of the Volga region.

The author tried all the methods, but nevertheless he bred the "Spartak" apple tree by selecting seedlings of the "Sharopai" variety.

The apple variety Spartak passed all the tests, and it was included in the state register, and zoned on the territory of the Volga region. Later, due to its peculiarities, the culture became widespread in other Russian regions.

Spartak apples: variety features

Pros and cons.

Advantages: the variety is early-growing, the fruits have a high marketability and good taste, the yield indicator is decent and stable.

Cons: low resistance to diseases such as scab.

The size of an adult apple tree.

A tree of weak growth. An adult apple tree reaches a height of five to six meters.

Self-fertility.

The variety is self-pollinated. However, for fruit to set better, cross-pollination is required.

Yield indicator.

The variety brings high yields. One adult apple tree produces more than one hundred kg of fruit.

Tasting evaluation.

The fruits weigh in the range of one hundred twenty to two hundred grams. They are round, in the form of a cone, ribbed at the top. The peel is light green in color, a blurred blush covers the entire surface, and there is also a waxy coating on the peel. The inner content of apples is dense, white, pleasant sweet-sour taste.

The tasting score was four and a half points out of five points.

Resistant to the winter season.

Frost resistance is average. If the apple tree is not looked after, then it can freeze under low temperature conditions of twenty-five degrees.

Disease immunity.

In some years with a lot of rain, scab can attack the leaves and bark.

Fruit rot and cytosporosis rarely affect the apple tree.

Apple tree Spartak: planting and care

Apple tree Spartak: photo of the variety

Disembarkation.

• The Spartak apple tree is planted in spring and autumn. If in your territory frosts come early in the fall season, then plant the plant in the spring season before the buds bloom.
• Before planting, consider the size of the crown of an adult apple tree. For an adult tree to receive sufficient illumination and an optimal amount of nutrients, plant it at intervals of five meters from other fruit vegetation.
• The Spartak apple variety is undemanding to the soil, so it is planted according to the standard.
• To gain the growth force of a seedling at a young age and for its proper development, gardeners are advised to get acquainted with the rules of cultivation.
• Agrotechnical techniques carried out in the future: regularly water the tree at least four times in thirty days; weed and loosen the trunk circle so that the root system is saturated with air; examine the apple tree to identify pests and diseases at the very beginning of their development; mulch the soil near the trunk and cover the apple tree to avoid freezing it in the winter season.
• If you follow these simple rules, then the development of a young tree will be rapid.
• If you additionally feed the apple tree, then it will bear fruit earlier and more actively. For this purpose, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied in the spring, and in the autumn, a complex of minerals for fruit plants.
• In order for the tree to quickly assimilate the fertilizer mixtures, after they have been brought in, pour the plant with 2 buckets of water.

How to protect a tree from harmful insects using folk methods.

• To fight harmful insects, if there are few of them, try using folk remedies.
• To fight aphids and herbivorous bugs, use black henbane. For this purpose, one kilogram of dry grass is diluted in three liters of water, the infusion is boiled for about an hour. Then the infusion is cooled, diluted to ten liters, then the apple tree is sprayed.
• To prevent ants from attacking the tree, pour boiling water over the place of their "residence".
• If you prepare a decoction from the tops of tomatoes and spray it on a tree, then this will serve to get rid of pests and caterpillars gnawing on the foliage. For this purpose, five hours are required to insist one kilogram of tomato tops in ten liters of water, then the infusion is boiled for about three hours, filtered and diluted with water to increase the volume three times. After the infusion has cooled, spray it on the trunk and branches of the apple tree.
• Traditional methods will cope more effectively when pests are detected at the very beginning.

Cutting and shaping the crown.

• The crown of the tree is wide and lush, its main branches branch off from the trunk at an acute angle, so they can often break. To avoid breakage, do not over tighten the shaping of the apple tree crown.
• The first time the seedling is cut at 1 year after planting, all shoots are removed, but four main branches are left, they are shortened to three buds.
• In the future, twisted, weak and growing branches perpendicular to the trunk are removed.
• After cutting, all the cuts are processed with garden varnish.

Pollination varieties.

The apple variety Spartak is self-fertile. By free pollination, the fruits are tied only by thirty percent, so that they are tied by ninety percent, cross-pollination with other apple trees is necessary. Good pollinators are such varieties as: "Idared", "Umanskoe", "Ruby Duki".

Ripening and fruiting

• The apple variety Spartak is distinguished by its early maturity. Begins to bear fruit from the third or fourth year after planting.
• The tree forms new shoots very quickly, and the buds wake up quickly, so it bears fruit every year.
• Fruits do not ripen at the same time. The first apples ripen in the first days of September. Removable ripeness lasts two to three weeks.
• Spartak apples can be stored without loss of marketability and consumer properties for two months after harvest. The yield indicator is quite high, so it is recommended to start processing the apples very quickly.

Variety cultivation options

Apples Spartak: photo of the variety

Often, gardeners without experience can confuse dwarf apple trees with columns. However, these are different types. To avoid mistakes when choosing a variety, you need to familiarize yourself with the differences.

On a dwarf rootstock.

• The apple variety "Spartak" on a dwarf rootstock is a tree of low vigor. An adult apple tree grows up to three meters, its crown is spreading.
• Advantages of the dwarf rootstock: early fruiting, high yield, comfortable to care for, decorative apple tree.
• These trees have a superficial root system, so the crop can be planted where groundwater is close.

Columnar.

• There are no apple-trees of the "Spartak" variety. Let's talk about the common features of columnar apple varieties.
• The main difference between the speakers is the appearance of the apple tree. The tree has one strong trunk with rather shortened lateral fruit branches. The fruits are located along the entire stem, and this is a significant saving of space in the garden for other fruit plants.
• Advantages of columnar apple trees: bears fruit in 1 year of planting; high yield rate; good level of frost resistance.
• Cons: bears fruit for a short time. Fifteen years later, the apple tree is replaced with another fruit plant.

Regional cultivation

Moscow region.

• In order for the variety to take root well in this region, it is required to whitewash the trunk with lime twice a year.
• In the autumn season, it is recommended to build a shelter for the trees so that they do not freeze over in winter.
• For this purpose, the trunk circle is mulched with humus, the apple tree itself is covered with roofing material or burlap.

Middle Russian latitudes.

• The Spartak apple tree has all the necessary characteristics to grow successfully in this area. But here the apple tree is often struck by scab. To prevent this disease for prophylactic purposes, spray the apple tree with solutions of fungicidal preparations. If the tree is attacked by rodents in winter, in the spring season it is necessary to clean the damaged areas and disinfect it with iron sulfate.

South of Russia.

In order for the Spartak apple variety to take root well in the south, it needs to be fed with urea and sodium-containing mixtures. To avoid breaking the main conductor when the ground settles, construct a support that will prevent the apple tree from bending down.

Ural region.

• In the Ural region, the soil is quite hard. For a good plant survival in this area, an increase in aeration of the root system is required. For this purpose, several times during the season, intensive loosening of the trunk circle is carried out, while the surface soil layer is broken.
• If you inspect the Spartak apple tree in a timely manner, it will also allow you to identify scab and other diseases caused by the fungus.

Kirov region.

When cultivating a variety in a given region, consider the soil structure. To improve the physical properties of the earth, sow the tree-trunk circle with creeping field grass. To prevent the soil from drying out, scatter humus and compost fertilizer around the trunk.

Apple tree Spartacus and Spartan: differences

What is the difference between the apple varieties Spartak and Spartan?

To answer this question, we turned to professional gardeners. Here is their answer: “Although the varieties are somewhat similar, they still differ visually. For example, the main guide of "Spartan" bends strongly, and the shoots of dark cherry color go down. The leaves are also different from the foliage of "Spartacus". They are small in size, twisted in a peculiar way. Apples are similar in appearance, but in "Spartan" they are more saturated in color and have a purple color, in addition, they are stored for quite a long time. "

Apple tree Spartak: reviews

Alexandra, Yoshkar-Ola: “The apple tree Spartak has been living in my garden for a long time. The tree has shown itself exceptionally well for the entire period of time. The apples are very tasty and highly marketable. The apple tree is undemanding to care. Since the tree bears fruit steadily, we harvest a generous harvest every year. "

Boris Olegovich, Vladimir region: “I grow fruit plants for a rather long time. I learned about the Spartak apple tree ten years ago. When I bought a seedling, I expected the best results. The apple tree is constantly affected by scab, and harmful insects attack.Taking care of the tree for a long time. I do not remove this variety from my garden just because it bears fruit regularly, which is unusual for other plants. "

Maria, Republic of Chuvashia: “Every autumn season I go to the market and buy apples. Some of the most delicious are the fruits of the Spartak apple tree. The apples are juicy, sweet, and emit a pleasant aroma. From fruits I prepare various preparations, preserves, jam. Also amazing candied fruits, jelly come out of the fruits, and I also stuff pies with apples. "

Summary

If you see photos and characteristics of the variety, consider all its advantages and disadvantages, then no doubt you know that the Spartak apple tree is the best apple variety for the conditions of the Volga region.

You can plant the Spartak apple tree very quickly, without much hassle and difficulties.

If you take into account the rules of cultivation and competently take care of the tree, then it can in the shortest possible time please with the generous yield of natural Spartak apples with a pleasant taste.