Cherry Blackcork

Cherry is considered one of the most common fruit crops. Even those who do not like the large amount of acid in the taste of these fruits, they use juices and jams from these beautiful berries with great pleasure. Subspecies of universal purpose are highly appreciated. The variety that we will analyze in this article is rightfully one of the best - Chernokorka cherry.

Cherry Chernokorka: variety description

Cherry Chernokorka: photo of the variety

Cherry variety Chernokorka is considered a Ukrainian subspecies of folk selection. It is rather difficult to say exactly when and where he appeared. It can only be noted that this subspecies was included in the list of subspecies recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasian region in 1974.

The growth of the Chernokork cherry tree does not exceed three meters in height. Outwardly, this plant resembles both a tree and a bush, depending on the behavior of the formative pruning. The crown of this culture is round and wide enough. Due to its drooping branches, the plant seems to be squat. The foliage has a dark green hue, medium size and oval shape with a pointed end and base. Flowers of this variety are endowed with a large size and white color, they are wide open and are collected in 2-5 pieces. When ripe, the fruits have an almost black color, and the inner part and juice of this plant are of a dark burgundy hue. From this we can conclude that this subspecies is a typical griot. The berries have a round and flat shape, rather large in size, each individual such berry has an average weight of 4.5 grams, and with proper and high-quality care, and even with a favorable season for the climate, they can grow up to 5 grams. Newbie gardeners, like amateurs, are often interested in: is this subspecies cherry, or sweet cherry? Such doubts in people begin due to the wonderful sweetish taste of the fruits of this tree. When tasting, these berries received an assessment of 4.5 points. Although the acidity in these berries is high, it is simply softened by the good content of fructose and glucose. The berries of this variety have a small pit that separates well from the inside. Chernokorka cherry fruit is very firmly attached to the stalk and due to this, the berries do not crumble. This subspecies can perfectly grow throughout Ukraine and in the North Caucasian region, as well as the Chernokork cherry variety is actively grown at the moment in the Rostov region and in the Krasnodar Territory.

Cherry Chernokorka: characteristic of the variety

Cherry Chernokorka: photo of the variety

It should be noted right away that today there are no ideal subspecies of this culture in nature. But the gardeners living in the south of our country and in Ukraine thought differently, though until the moment when there was a mass death of this culture from the disease of coccomycosis. At that time, the Chernokork cherry variety had such a love and popularity among farmers that even the best modern subspecies did not have. And if you do not take into account also the self-fruitlessness of culture. Although in the south of the country this plant is so widespread that gardeners of these regions quite rarely think about pollinating plants, up to several subspecies of various cherries and cherries grow in each household plot.Now, the characteristic features of this subspecies attract farmers from completely different regions of the country. But it is worth noting that the tree will grow well and bear fruit only when it is in a warm and favorable climate.

Cherry Chernokorka is endowed with a high level of dry season resistance. Watering for the plant should be done only at a time when there is no rain for a month. Although this fact should not be the reason for the cancellation of the autumn moisture charge, since it can help the plant survive the winter period well. Also, the Chernokork cherry variety is endowed with a high level of resistance to cold. But this fact is relevant only to those areas where this variety is recommended for cultivation. In regions where unfavorable and cold weather prevails, it is worth choosing a different variety of cherries for growing.

Growing in the south of the country, Chernokorka cherry begins to bloom in late April - early May, and the flowering period depends on climatic conditions. The fruits begin to ripen in the last days of June and until the first half of July. If we take into account the southern regions, then this is the average ripening period. The moment of fruiting stretches for two to three weeks. This crop is considered a self-fertile plant, which means that in the absence of pollination, the variety will yield only up to five percent of the possible yield. In order for more berries to be harvested, it is required to plant a variety near this tree Lyubskaya, or such varieties of cherries as Aelita, Yaroslavna and Donchanka... Some amateur gardeners say that on their site this subspecies bears fruit perfectly without pollinating varieties, but this is a delusion, this cannot be. In fact, the varieties needed for pollination may simply grow in neighboring household plots.

The first time the Chernokorka cherry variety begins to bear fruit in the fifth year of life after planting. In the period of full fruiting, the subspecies begins to enter after six to seven years of life. Crop yield is highly dependent on pollination, climatic conditions and the fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements and norms. Recently, in the south of our country, after a short spring period, a heat of 30 degrees often comes, and, despite the fact that this plant is highly resistant to drought, this has a rather bad effect on the level and quality of the harvest. But if the required pollinator varieties are planted near this variety, the tree is constantly pruned, fertilized and watered during the drought period, then this culture in adulthood will be able to produce up to 60 kilograms of tasty fruits. Given the fact that this plant is pollinated by unknown subspecies and grows as it needs, then the level of fruit yield will decrease to 30 kilograms from one tree. Although this is also indicatively considered good for a small cherry size. This subspecies has regular and stable fruiting, while increasing the yield on a constant basis. The number of fruits decreases only when the plant becomes old.

Cherry Chernokorka is considered a multipurpose crop. The fruits of this cherry have such a taste that, in small quantities, they are all eaten fresh. At the moment the cherry enters its full fruiting, its fruits are used in the preparation of various compotes, juices, wine and jam. Such alcoholic drinks from these berries as liqueurs are very popular. The fruits of this subspecies are so juicy that from 10 kilograms of such berries, together with the seeds, 7 liters of juice can be obtained. And this is considered an excellent indicator. Berries of this subspecies are often dried, even though they contain a huge amount of juice. But for these purposes, you should use a special dryer, oven and oven, since the option to do this in the sun will not work.

Unfortunately, the Chernokorka cherry variety, despite all its excellent qualities and characteristics, can quite often and strongly become infected with coccomycosis. Even in favorable years, several treatments are required in order to prevent the disease. And during the period of plant epidemics, even a large number of treatments will not be able to get rid of the likelihood of cherry getting sick with this ailment. Pest insects are also considered frequent guests of this culture, although fighting them involves less effort.

Advantages and disadvantages

Cherry Chernokorka: photo of the variety

Like other plants, this tree has its own advantages and disadvantages. Should start with disadvantages of this variety of Chernokork cherry, because the most important is the low level of immunity to the disease of coccomycosis, due to which all crops in the personal plot may suffer as a result. It is also worth remembering about self-infertility, and also the fact that the high endurance of the variety to cold weather is applicable only to the southern regions.

TO advantages cherries Chernokorka can be attributed:

• The large size of the berries, which also have excellent taste characteristics.
• High level of frost tolerance in areas recommended for cultivation.
• Sufficiently strong attachment of the fruit to the stalk.
• Regularly high yields.
• The fruits are versatile in purpose.
• Small plant growth, which greatly simplifies harvesting.
• Prolonged fruiting period.
• High level of dry season tolerance.

It is also worth noting that Chernokork cherry is a griot. Therefore, the juice made from these fruits is distinguished not only by useful qualities, but also by excellent taste and appearance.

Cherry Chernokorka: planting varieties

There are no special requirements for planting this plant from other subspecies. Although the level and quality of the crop depends on constant care. If you do not take proper care of this tree, then even if there are correctly selected and planted pollinators nearby, the amount of the crop will be halved.

Due to the fact that the Chernokork cherry variety is cultivated in the south of the country, its seedlings are planted in the autumn, after a period of foliage. In this case, the seedling will have time to adapt and take root before the arrival of frost, and with the beginning of the next season, it will instantly begin to grow. If you plant a young plant of this variety in the spring, the tree may die. Indeed, in the southern regions, the shortened spring period is often replaced by heat, and no watering procedures will compensate for the heat. When growing this subspecies in a temperate climatic zone, the plant should be planted in early spring.

Cherry Chernokorka is very negative about finding close groundwater. When they are found to the surface of the soil at a depth of less than two meters, good enough drainage should be done, or the plant should be planted on a gentle slope. It is worth saying that when growing this plant in the south, it is forbidden to fill a soil hill and plant a crop there. The heat will quickly be able to drain the soil, due to which the soil will constantly need water, and daily watering will not be able to compensate for this lack of liquid. This culture requires sufficient illumination, as well as protection from drafts and winds, and both cold winter winds and drying summer winds. This cherry prefers to grow on soil with a neutral reaction and a loose structure. Organic fertilizers are applied when growing this variety even in black soil.

The best neighbors for this tree are, first of all, the pollinating varieties of Chernokork cherry. Also, other near-growing stone fruit crops will be combined well. Although the walnut is an undesirable neighbor of this cherry. Ligature, oak and birch are also a bad neighborhood option.It is also worth noting that this culture is categorically bad for black currants, raspberries and sea buckthorn will be a bad neighborhood option, since these shrubs have a fairly rapid growth of the root system, which grows in width, due to which these plants will take away nutrients and liquid by the cherry. After this plant adapts and takes root, the near-stem circle is covered with ground covers or lawn grass. Thanks to this, the roots of the tree will be protected from overheating and will reduce the rate of evaporation of moisture.

Perfectly adapted and rooted are such seedlings, the Chernokorka cherry variety, which are one year old and grow up to 90 centimeters, or two-year-olds with a height of up to 1.1 meters. It is believed that plants with a height of one and a half meters have an excess of nitrogen or a stimulant. The rhizome must be well developed and healthy and undamaged. The green color of the bark means that the wood of the plant is not ripe, and the presence of cracks indicates a disease of the seedling, or that the young plant has suffered from sudden temperature changes, which is absolutely unacceptable. Before planting this tree in an open space, soak it for a period of at least three hours (if the plant has an open root system), and if the tree is containerized, then water it.

Planting process

Cherry Chernokorka: photo of the variety

Dig a planting hole for a Chernokork cherry seedling in advance, about 30 days before planting. If it is impossible to do this, the planting hole is completely filled with liquid, and several times, and they wait until the water is completely absorbed into the soil. The landing hole should have a circumference of approximately 80 centimeters, and go 40 centimeters or more in depth, and it should be noted that in the presence of a drainage layer, the depth of the hole should be twice as large. In the presence of acidic soil, lime should be added to it, and sand should be added to clay and dense soil. After such preparation, the landing procedure begins, it happens like this:

• A fertile soil mixture is prepared, for this, one bucket of humus, 50 grams of phosphorus fertilizers and the same amount of potash fertilizers are introduced into the top layer of the soil.
• At a distance of 20 centimeters from the middle of the hole, a peg should be driven in, which will serve as a support for a young tree.
• The seedling is placed in the center of the hole so that its root collar is about 6-7 centimeters above the soil surface.
• The root system of the seedling is carefully sprinkled with fertile soil mixture, after which it is carefully compacted so that no voids are formed.
• A young tree planted should be tied to a peg.
• A roller is made from the remaining soil near the trunk circle.
• After all these actions, the seedling needs to be watered well, with about two or three buckets of water, and mulched with humus.

Cherry Chernokorka: variety care

During the entire autumn period and the entire subsequent season, a young Chernokork cherry plant should be watered with water, and abundantly. After that, the soil is moistened only when the summer season is dry and hot enough. In the autumn season, moisture charging is performed on a mandatory basis. As a top dressing for this plant, mullein and wood ash are best suited. When choosing mineral fertilizers for this subspecies, they look to ensure that they contain a large amount of potassium and nitrogen. It is impossible to completely exclude phosphorus in top dressing, but it should be applied in small quantities. In order for the crop to be distinguished by its abundance and quality, it is required to carry out a formative pruning procedure before the sap flow, as well as sanitary, but as needed. Such actions will help get rid of the thickening of the crown, which can lead to the formation of fungal diseases, including coccomycosis.When cultivating this variety in those areas where it is recommended, shelter for the winter period is not required. To protect the plant from various rodents, including hares, it is necessary to tie the stem with sacking or straw for the winter period. And if you form this subspecies in the form of a bush, then you need to install a wire fence for the winter to protect it.

As already noted, unfortunately, this very tasty and beautiful variety is quite often exposed to coccomycosis, and can also infect the tree and other diseases. The most dangerous and common troubles for this culture are:

• Coccomycosis. The disease manifests itself as a change in the shade of the foliage to yellow, the formation of spots on the leaf plates, which grow over time and form into holes. Towards the middle of the summer season, infected vegetative organs fall off. To avoid the appearance of this disease, it is necessary to remove fallen leaves in time, to carry out formative and sanitary pruning procedures and preventive treatments in the form of spraying. It is possible to increase the plant's immunity by treating it with non-toxic agents such as zircon and epin. If the disease nevertheless overtook your cherry, then it is required to process the tree along a green cone, after the leaves have fallen, with a remedy containing copper. Before the onset of frost, you need to spray the culture with a solution of ferrous sulfate. While pouring the fruits, process with a solution: a bucket of water in which 60 grams of laundry soap and two kilograms of wood ash are dissolved. Such treatments should be done about two to three times, with an interval of two weeks.
• Moniliosis. In the presence of this ailment, the fruits, flowers and stems of the plant dry out. This often happens when the weather is damp. In addition, the fruits begin to deform and cracks appear on the bark of the tree. For the prevention of this disease, a number of the same measures are taken as for coccomycosis. If the disease has already struck the plant, then first all infected vegetative organs should be removed, while capturing a small part of healthy tissue, and the cut sites should be treated with garden varnish. After that, the plant is treated with a treatment containing copper or other fungicides.
• Cherry aphid. These harmful small insects in most cases infect new leaves and stems, while sucking out their juices. As a result, all the vegetative organs of the plant are deformed, become sticky, and then wither and dry out. As a prophylaxis against these pests, anthills, defenders and distributors of this harmful insect are fought, and also pruned on an ongoing basis. If a small number of such harmful insects have appeared on your asthenia, then the culture is sprayed with soapy water, this will be enough. With the invasion of a large colony of this insect, it is required to treat the plant with insecticides.
• Cherry fly. This harmful insect is engaged in laying its eggs in the berries of this culture, later from which gluttonous larvae hatch, which eat the fruits from the inside. As a result, the berries soften, begin to rot and fall off. For prevention, regular pruning is done for such a culture, all fallen leaves are removed and a tree trunk circle is dug up in the autumn period. If this attack has occurred, then the treatment of the plant with folk remedies will not bring much result. About 65 percent of these pests can be destroyed by using special traps. Approximately one month before harvesting, an insecticide treatment of the plant is required.

Cherry Chernokorka: reviews of gardeners

Cherry Chernokorka, perhaps, could be considered the best option for cultivation in the southern regions, if not for the frequent infection with coccomycosis.Therefore, if you are ready to resist this disease, as well as to plant pollinating varieties around, then this culture will delight you with its abundant and tasty harvest. Now on the Internet you can find a large number of opinions about this variety, here are some of them:

“I managed to catch the time when the Chernokork cherry variety grew in almost every private garden. Moreover, this subspecies would be grown alone, if it were not for the requirement for the availability of pollinating varieties. The big trouble is when the plant starts to get sick with coccomycosis. And okay, when you can treat it with fungicides in spring or autumn, but what to do if the disease is found while pouring the fruit? I had to find a way out - we do wood ash processing. It helps a lot, and the aphid does not touch the tree due to such treatment. "

Olga, Krasnodar Territory.

“I remember Chernokorka cherries since childhood, so when I bought a house outside the city, I planted this variety right away. It began to give color, but still no fruit. I found out that we needed pollinating varieties for Chernokork's cherries, asked all the neighbors if they had suitable varieties. I asked the parents what pollinators they used, and they said that they had been grafting Lyubskaya twigs onto the plant, so that the bees had where to get pollen from. This is the trick the older generation taught me.

Stepan, Nalchik