Dark cherry oriental cherry

Eastern Smuglyanka cherry is a unique variety that has characteristics that allow it to be grown throughout Russia, from the northern and Far Eastern regions to the arid regions of the south of the country. This article will focus on its distinctive features, advantages and disadvantages.

The origin of the cherry variety Smuglyanka eastern

The Far East is the homeland of the Eastern Smuglyanka cherry variety. Here, at the local experimental station of the V.I. NI Vavilov crossed the felt-type cherry "Leto" with the variety "Peschanoilochnaya". The creators of the new hybrid, bred in 1978, were breeders V.P. Tsarenko. and Tsarenko N.A. It has been present in the State Register since 1999.

Cherry felt Dark brown oriental - description and characteristics

Description of the plant
Cherry varieties Smuglyanka Oriental are distinguished by their low growth: their maximum height is 120 cm. Thanks to this feature, they are suitable for growing on the territory of small horticultural enterprises and in personal plots. They are also characterized by the presence of a not dense and spreading crown. The surface of perennial wood is covered with peeling gray-brown bark with a large number of light lentils. Last year's shoots are characterized by a red-brown color and the presence of an edge. Small pointed buds are arranged in triplets: in the center there is a vegetative bud, on the sides of it - generative ones. All of them are covered with an edge and are noticeably deflected from the shoot surface. The leaves are ovoid with a sharp tip and the same base. The average length of the concave leaf plate is 4.3 cm, the width is about 3 cm. Its rigid corrugated surface is colored dark green and covered with tiny hairs in the upper part, and a felt edge in the lower part. The edges of the leaves have double-edged denticles. The pubescent petioles reach 4 mm in length. A pair of sharp-serrated linear stipules are also covered with an edge.

During the flowering period, which falls in the second decade of May, inflorescences consisting of a pair of flowers, or individual flowers are formed on the shoots of bushes of the Eastern Smuglyanka cherry variety. They are saucer-shaped with a rim diameter of 23 mm. It consists of five medium-open type pink petals. Along with the pistil covered with the edge, 25 stamens are formed, the ovary is also pubescent. The outer pubescence also has an oval-shaped calyx, consisting of five serrated sepals, as well as a pedicel, whose length is 7 mm. Flower and fruit ovaries densely cover the branches of plants - as a rule, they appear on last year's shoots.

Cherry Smuglyanka oriental: photo of a felt variety

Description of fruits
The Oriental Smuglyanka cherry bears fruits, whose average weight is 2.5 g, with the highest indicator being 2.7 g. The dimensions of their length, width and height are approximately the same and equal 1.4-1.5 cm. The Eastern Smuglyanka cherry berries are wide-rounded outline, rounded top and tiny beak, and funnel-shaped depression at the base. The skin of the fruit is colored maroon; as it ripens, it changes to almost black. Its glossy surface is covered with almost invisible hairs, along the entire fruit there is a strip of abdominal suture. The fibrous part of the fruit is colored red and saturated with juice of the same shade. The surface of a not too thick peduncle, whose length is 0.5 cm, is covered with an edge.A semi-dry depression remains in the place of its separation. A small seed weighing only 0.16 g, which is just over 6% of the total weight of the berry, is poorly extracted from the fibrous part. Chemical analysis of its composition shows the presence of sugars (7%), acids (less than 1%), vitamin C (25 mg per 100 g). The aromatic flesh has a sweet taste with sour notes, which received a tasting score of 4 out of 5 possible points. The berries of the "Smuglyanka Vostochnaya" have a very attractive appearance and easily lose it during transportation. They have a universal purpose and can be eaten fresh or processed as raw materials for preserves, jams, juices, wines, marmalade.

Fruiting, collecting and storing cherry harvest East Darkie

The average lifespan of the smuglyanka oriental cherry variety is 18 years. The first fruiting of grafted seedlings falls on the 2nd growing season, self-rooted bushes begin to yield a crop 2-3 years after planting. "Eastern Darkie" is a self-infertile variety, therefore it needs pollinating plants on the site. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-July - from the 16th to the 22nd. Eastern Dark Cherry gives an annual harvest, the volume of which increases with each new season. As a rule, about 7 kg of cherries are harvested from a seven-year-old tree. This hybrid is successfully propagated by cuttings.

Dark cherry oriental cherry: pros and cons

In addition to low tree growth and outstanding commercial characteristics, Eastern Smuglyanka cherry has other advantages. First of all, we are talking about its winter hardiness: flower buds tolerate frosts well, while annual wood is prone to freezing during especially severe frosts. Another quality of this variety is its resistance to drought: "Dark Brown Vostochnaya" tolerates hot summer periods well and reacts negatively to excess moisture in the soil and air. Coccomycosis of stone fruit crops and clasterosporia almost do not affect plants of this variety.
The main disadvantage of Oriental Smuglyanka cherry is its intolerance to wet weather: in conditions of excessive precipitation and thickened plantings, its fruits and flower ovaries are often affected by fruit rot, also called monilial burn. In addition, as mentioned above, cherries of this variety do not tolerate transportation well.

Conclusion

The Dark Dark cherry orientalis demonstrates a set of outstanding qualities that make it suitable for growing over a wide area. These include its resistance to winter frosts and summer drought, high harvest volumes with compact sizes of the plants themselves, excellent commercial quality of fruits, immunity to some fungal diseases. Cherry variety Smuglyanka Oriental is ideal for intensive cultivation in horticultural farms, nurseries and private gardens. Optimal placement of Eastern Darkie cherry cherries in the immediate vicinity of fruit processing points in order to avoid lengthy transportation, injuring the berries.