Cherry Brunette

Cherry Brunetka was created in FGBNU VSTISP as a result of free pollination "Zhukovskaya"Cherries by breeders Kh.K. Enikeev and SN Satarova. Since 2001, the Brunetka cherry has been included in the State Register and recommended for cultivation in the Central region of Russia.

The cherry variety Brunetka has many advantages, one of which is its high yield. But every gardener should be prepared for the fact that a good result can be achieved only with proper care of the fruit tree. In this case, you will not only reap a good harvest, but you will also be able to avoid such troubles as diseases of the crop and its defeat by harmful insects. We will talk about all this in more detail in this article.

Cherry Brunetka: variety description and characteristics

Cherry Brunetka: photo of the variety

Cherry trees of the "brunette" variety can be called medium-sized - their height, as a rule, is from two to two and a half meters. The crown has a regular spherical shape, despite the rather spreading branches. Fruiting occurs on last year's shoots or on bouquet branches. Dark green leaf plates with carved edges are of medium size.

Snow-white flowers of the cherry variety Small-sized brunette. The variety is self-fertile, therefore there is no need to plant pollinating varieties nearby.

Small maroon berries of the Brunetka cherries ripen at the end of July. They are round, slightly flattened, their weight is from 3.5 to 4 grams. Under the dense skin, the flesh is dark red or burgundy. Upon reaching full ripeness, the stone separates very well from the pulp.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like every plant, the Brunetka cherry variety has its own strengths and weaknesses. The undoubted advantages include the following qualities:

• Excellent yield. With good tree care, you can harvest ten to twelve kilograms of berries per season.
• Minimal yield loss due to the fact that the berries hold well on the stalk and, even when they reach full ripeness, do not fall off the tree.
• Good drought tolerance.
• Frost resistance is above average.

But speaking of the advantages, one cannot fail to note the disadvantages of the variety, and this, first of all, is not very high immunity - the Brunetka cherry is not sufficiently resistant to such dangerous fungal diseases as "moniliosis" and "coccomycosis".

Cherry Brunetka: planting varieties

Cherry Brunetka: photo of the variety

When choosing a place for the cherry tree in the garden, make sure there is enough sunlight and space. The acidity level of the soil should be neutral, and the soil itself should be fertile, light and loose, so that air penetrates to the roots and moisture does not stagnate in the soil.

The fruit trees of the Brunetka cherry variety are planted in spring or autumn, for cherries it would be preferable to choose a spring planting, in which case it will completely master the new place by the onset of winter. Start planting in the second half of April or early May, depending on weather conditions: the soil should warm up well. And the danger of recurrent frosts is completely avoided.

But the landing pit must be prepared in advance. The depth of the planting pit should be at least 60 cm.Prepare the drainage, which you will lay on the bottom, in advance, you can use both purchased expanded clay and fragments of bricks or rubble left over from construction.Top the drainage layer with a nutritious soil mixture consisting of fertile soil (topsoil), compost or humus, and potassium-phosphorus fertilizers. Pour all this over and leave for a couple of weeks. Then place a seedling in the hole, cover it with earth and pour abundantly with warm water. Before planting, you can install a peg in the pit, which will serve as a support for the seedling at first, in this case, after planting, carefully and not firmly tie the cherry to this support.

Cherry Brunette: care

Cherry variety Brunetka can be called an unpretentious tree that quickly adapts to a new place after planting and adapts to environmental conditions. But this does not mean at all that the tree does not need to be looked after.

Attention should be paid annually to sanitary pruning and crown shaping of the cherry tree. The sanitary (or cosmetic) part includes pruning dry, frozen, broken or disease-damaged branches, as well as those that grow deeper into the crown. But the annual pruning of lateral branches (but only after they grow 50-60 centimeters) is aimed at forming the crown and rejuvenating the tree. When pruning, it is very important to use only sharpened garden tools, which must be disinfected before and after the procedure. And the cuts should be immediately processed with garden varnish (you can cook it yourself or purchase it in the store), so you will save the tree from infection.

Cherry Brunetka tolerates drought well, therefore, even in a very hot summer, you should not abuse watering - this can lead to cracking of the berries from an excess of moisture. Like most fruit trees, it will be enough to water the cherry three times per season: at the beginning of flowering, after the end of flowering (when the ovaries appear) and the last time in the fall after leaf fall.

Before planting a cherry seedling Brunetka, you prepared a nutritious soil mixture using organic matter and mineral fertilizers, this seedling will be enough for the next three years. Then fertilizer will need to be applied twice a year:

• The first feeding is carried out immediately after the end of flowering.
• The second feeding is carried out two or three weeks after the first.

It is recommended to use a complex mineral fertilizer containing potassium and phosphorus. It can be dissolved in water for irrigation or added to the tree circle in a dry form and then water the soil.

Diseases and harmful insects. Preventive measures.

Cherry Brunetka: photo of the variety

On the way to the harvest, various troubles may lie in wait for you: cherry diseases and unpleasant harmful insects.

Of the pests of the cherry variety, the Brunette should be feared:

• Cherry aphid, which sucks out all the juices from the foliage and young shoots of the tree.
• Weevils, both larvae and adult insects, which can damage buds, flowers, buds and ovaries. As a result of such damage, you may be left without a crop at all.
• Larvae sawflythat eat the leaves, thus disrupting the processes of photosynthesis, and this slows down or stops the growth of the tree.
• Cherry moth, whose caterpillars feed on leaves and buds, and cherry ovaries.

The most common and dangerous diseases of the Brunetka cherry variety include:

• clasterosporium disease - dark spots appear on leaf plates and berries, turning into holes over time. The disease occurs and spreads in warm weather with excess moisture.
• anthracosis - the fruits are covered with bulges with a dark bloom, while the cherry pits are affected. High humidity can also cause the onset of the disease.
• fire blight, in which the branches and bark of the tree turn black and dry.
  If you find pests or signs of disease on your tree, then you must immediately take action. Since it is extremely undesirable to use insecticides during the ripening period of berries, then folk remedies will have to deal with pests.Use chemicals only after harvest.

The same recommendations apply in case of illness: remove all damaged areas of the tree (do not throw them away, but burn them), as well as all fallen leaves from the territory of the trunk circle. And after harvesting, treat the crown with a fungicide or a preparation containing copper.

Experienced gardeners will confirm that timely prevention for the Brunetka cherry variety will help you to avoid many problems:

• Maintain the area of ​​the trunk circle, remove weeds and fallen leaves, and loosen the soil regularly.
• Prune annually to avoid thickening of the crown. Do not forget that the tools must be sharp and clean, and the cuts must be processed with a pitch.
• Do not “flood” the tree, as fungal infections begin to develop in a humid environment.
• Carry out preventive treatments in the spring before flowering and in the fall, after the leaves fall.

All this will help you maintain the health of the Brunetka cherry tree and achieve a good result - to collect an excellent harvest of tasty and healthy berries.