Preparing the soil and seedlings for a rich harvest
As you know, immediately before planting or sowing certain crops, the soil must be prepared for seedlings. Only then will the soil be able to provide a comfortable development for crops, and even those that are especially picky about the climate and general conditions.
To achieve the desired degree of looseness, as well as air permeability, sawdust should be added to the soil mixture - in a rotted or fresh form. If the sawdust is fresh, then they are usually watered with a solution of low concentration ammonium nitrate, urea, or other nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrogen is needed moderately in sawdust in order to start the decomposition process. A solution using nitrogen fertilizers is also necessary to prevent sawdust from taking it away from the soil itself, thereby contributing to its depletion.
There is also an option of replacing half of the mixture with sawdust themselves, since in winter there is often a soil shortage, as for the baking powder, it may well be sand, peat and other materials. But one way or another, for the greatest efficiency, a full-fledged soil mixture is used.
Preparing the soil for seedlings involves determining the composition of the soil mixture. The soil mixture usually consists of such components as two compost parts, one part of sand and the same part of sawdust - this is the optimal composition that is used everywhere. This mixture is effectively used both for the process of sowing seeds and for the further cultivation of seedlings. Moreover, in the latter case, the following values are used: 15 to 20 grams of ammonium nitrate, 25 to 30 grams of double superphosphate, as well as 2 glasses of wood ash and 20 grams of potassium salt are added to 1 bucket of the mixture.
The quality and result of sowing often depends largely not so much on the seeds themselves, but on the careless mistakes of the gardener. There are general guidelines for this. For example, do not sow seeds in a dense soil mixture that is heavier and has an origin and composition unknown to you. Such a soil can in fact be extremely unfavorable for plants, poor in nutrients, depleted or unsuitable in general structure. Avoid handling such soils.
Sowing seeds of any crop should not be over-thickened. Always adhere to the recommended norm values, otherwise at the stage of the harvest the plants will seem to you weak in structure and immunity, too long, the risk of contracting such a dangerous disease as “black leg” increases. It is also necessary to take into account the temperature norms - before the first shoots appear, the temperature should be increased, and after this process it can be lowered by about 5-7 degrees in the daytime and by 10 in the dark.
Do not deprive the sown seeds of sunlight and place them in the shade, as well as in places where the light gets unevenly, being blocked by residential buildings, as well as dense vegetation that prevents the spread of solar energy necessary for growth. General lack of lighting can lead to consequences such as curvature and elongation of seedlings, which implies a deterioration in quality, a slowdown in development and, in fact, a decrease in the level of yield at one time or another. Average daylight hours for most crops are between 12 and 14 hours, although this may vary in some cases. The most important dose of light is given to plants in the early morning and late afternoon.
Also, observe the mode of picking seedlings, because as a rule it should be done after the appearance of two or three true leaves. Plants should be watered and shaded for 1 to 2 days, and after about 5 days, start the first feeding.
As for the soil in greenhouses and greenhouses, then the ideal choice for the lower layer may be a type such as sod meadow land. It is recommended to sprinkle the sod plates with manure, which, in turn, will stimulate the activity of the necessary microorganisms. Prepared plates, the average thickness of which is about 10 centimeters, are laid on the bottom of a hole specially dug for the location of greenhouse / greenhouse beds. In the event that an increase in acidity is observed, the turf should be lightly sprinkled with wood ash or lime.
Be alert to the problem of the emergence / spread of infections in the soil, which can accumulate mainly in plant residues by the end of the season. Clean up the beds in a timely manner and do not throw them away, but use them for subsequent composting.
The soil is treated with a solution of copper sulfate, potassium permanganate can also be used - the proportions are characterized by values of 5 grams per 10 liters of water. Do not forget about the processing of wooden parts when it comes to a greenhouse and a greenhouse - for this process, bleach is used in the ratio of 200 grams of lime to 10 liters of water.
Preparing the soil for seedlings and its composition for seedlings is a point to which you should pay attention in advance and understand each of the nuances presented. Giving life to plants, it is necessary to approach the issue with extreme responsibility and knowledge of the matter, otherwise you can simply ruin young cultures.