Fir in the greenhouse

Fir is known as an aesthetic tree with a pleasant smell from the genus Conifers. Everyone knows that such trees are durable and strong. Their place of development is the eastern and northern regions of the world.

Such a tree can grow up to four hundred years, and its size is up to fifty meters. This variety has been known for many centuries. For a long time, the tree was considered powerful, strong, they described people who were born under her sign.

Fir does not require any special care, but certain criteria should also be observed when growing, and then the fir will respond in kind and will delight for hundreds of years.

Fir characteristics

Fir looks like spruce, but there are differences between these trees.

To distinguish these trees, you can just look at the needles, they are flat in the fir, at the tip there are small onions, with the help of which the needles cling to the twigs. The other side of the light-colored needles is the wax bloom.

In many trees, the upward crown seems to be shiny, greenish in color, and the needles with a white tint at the ends. And many spruce colors are grayish with a waxy bloom. The shape of a fir is in the form of a triangle, the branches are lowered down.

Ripening of the tree. The inflorescence is divided into two types: female and male. Womens in the form of large beautiful cones, always grow upwards. During the ripening period, the cones do not fly from the trees, but crumble right on them, this is considered a highlight and a distinctive element from spruce.

And male bumps are divided into two types, some look like a light hanging ocher color, the second type is characterized by a brown, oval shape. There are even some that look like a large raspberry.

Varieties

There are up to fifty different varieties in the conifer family, but not all of them can be grown in greenhouses. Various types of trees grow in the gardens, tall, low, voluminous, thin, of different colors. The following are the well-known varieties of fir:

1. "Nordman", a fir that grows in the Caucasus (northeast). The most famous type, which is used on New Year's holidays, must be placed in a container, such a tree does not fall down for up to two months, even if it starts to dry.

People often look for such fir, more often you can find the name "Nordmann New Year's fir". In appearance, the fir looks quite strong, powerful, when planted in the soil, it increases in size up to two or three meters in height.

Fir in the Caucasus is in no hurry to grow, every year it increases in growth by ten centimeters, so gardeners are advised to immediately transplant into large containers. For the cold period, be sure to mulch.

2. White fir - the tree lives in the European part, the color of the needles is light green, on one side there are light stripes, this is a waxy bloom. Fir endures all weather conditions. It can often be seen in summer cottages, or in country-style gardens.
3. "Pendula" is a winding tree with branches down.
4. "Barabit's Star" is a shrub of medium length, triangular in shape. The size reaches from fifteen to thirty centimeters per year, the tree grows from two to three meters.
5. Balsam Fir - known as a tree with a pleasant smell, unusual shape and strong leaves. Small needles and bumps. Plant parameters sometimes exceed from ten to fifteen meters in height.

Some twigs reach a size of only three to five centimeters per year. Large dense needles are twisted, so you can observe the inner side of the needles and see its color. It seems as if everything is covered with frost.

6. "Kogoust Icebreaker" is originally from Germany.In appearance it looks like a bush, green in color, oval shape, measuring from forty to fifty centimeters, such growth can be after many years of growth. The needles are twisted, so you can observe the back of the light-colored side of the needles. It tolerates cold winters down to minus twenty-nine degrees.
7. "Blue Emperor" is an excellent option for planting on the site. The plant is famous for its shape, gray-blue color, and the color of the bumps is dark blue. The bush develops very slowly, it transfers all diseases.
8. "Blue Emperor" - also suitable for growing in plots or greenhouses.
9. "Molly" is from Korea. In appearance - a dwarf bush, the maximum size is from sixty to eighty centimeters. It looks very attractive and the inflorescences add beauty with their dark blue color.
10. "Oberon" - a convenient option, grows very slowly, refers to undersized shrubs. Small green needles with white tips.
11. "Brilian" - looks like a large decorative ball, undersized plant, green in color, glitters.
12. "Frazera", as they say: in winter and summer in one color. This is exactly about this type of fir. The sizes reach from ten to fifteen meters. relevant during the New Year holidays.

Fir planting

The first step is to correctly determine the site for planting a tree. You need to know some criteria, even if the tree takes root perfectly in the shade or in the sun. It is important to know that fir does not like ultraviolet rays, especially in May and June, when seedlings are just beginning to grow.

The soil should be saturated with useful minerals and humus. Sand, dry soils are not the best options for planting trees, since these crops do not take root well in such areas.

Many types of fir are squeamish about the dirt around them, as well as the air. Therefore, it should be clean when planting.

The spacing between the holes when planting depends on the size of the shrubs. With a large number of landings, it is necessary to take into account the gaps between the holes from three meters. for ornamental shrubs from two and a half meters. the smallest shrubs are planted in the interval from one to one and a half meters.

To plant shrubs in open ground, you need to wait three to four years for their development. For an ideal option, a seedling with closed roots is suitable, such a plant can be planted from spring to autumn, during this period the seedlings get used to it and quickly grow on the soil. In the summer, you need to plant shrubs in cloudy weather.

The soil is prepared initially, manure, nutrients, peat are added to it. The first layer in the pit is better to make a drainage from pebbles.

The top of the roots must be left on the surface of the earth, that is, at the same level. Shrubs need to be moistened and twigs can be attached to a support while the plant gets used to and absorbs in the soil.

Also, the soil needs to be insulated, you can use hay, sawdust, humus to a level of ten centimeters. But this should only be done during the cold season.

This procedure protects the plant from frost, drought, as well as the growth of weeds, and serves as a fertilizer.

Fir care

We must not forget that you need to moisten the soil from two times every fourteen days. When the root system has taken root, watering becomes less frequent, excluding heat or drought. But the soil should not be poured either, otherwise there will be stagnation and everything will go over to rotting soil, roots, and the shrub will die.

If you dry the soil of the plant, then growth will slow down, you also need to regularly huddle the ground.

In September, in greenhouses, shrubs are watered so that the earth does not dry out, and the plant is always nourished. There are varieties that do not tolerate the cold season, so they are mulched, it can be compost, or it can be fallen leaves.

No branch cut is needed. In April, you can cut off twigs that are dry, fungal, frozen.The ideal weather for such a procedure is after rain. After the cut, it is necessary to sprinkle the cut site with a special healing agent.

It is necessary to change the place of growing the tree in the dug hole, and of course with the soil left on the roots. A seedling with its native land will quickly get used to a new growing place. The youngest seedlings get used to a new place much faster.

You need to nourish the soil from April to May, you can add minerals or special means for feeding the fir.

Thus, we can say that no difficulties will arise when planting and courting a culture. This type of tree is not in a hurry to grow, but this is the plus of the tree, it can delight with its beauty for many years of life.

Fir breeding

Grains, most gardeners use this method for planting. But only fresh grains should be planted because they dry out quickly. Grains from cones must be placed in a container and removed in a cold room, or in a specialized refrigerator for two months, kept at a temperature of two to five degrees.

The grains are placed in sandy soil, in which there is some sand and fertilizers, all this is kept in a closed container to delay moisture. Then we put everything in a cold room. Before planting, you need to put the grains in water for ten minutes.

Planting time is about spring, the place is a window on which a container with soil is placed, it is necessary to adjust the degrees from nineteen to twenty. Sunrise time starts in a month.

It happens that you need to wait for growths from sixty days. But only half of what is planted may appear. Seedlings are planted with a lump of old soil on the roots in open soil. Water as needed.

Also, the grains can be planted directly into the soil, only it is necessary to find a place where the sun does not fall, and also to cover it with an agricultural canvas. As soon as the shrubs began to develop, they are transferred to a new place of constant growth. At first, the seedlings are slow in development, but after four or five years, development takes root.

Possible difficulties

Due to frequent rains, fungal diseases can develop. The tree begins to ache, the symptoms are a change in the color of the needles. For the treatment of such a disease, it is recommended to sprinkle and add chlorotanite to the soil.

With a disease, the color can change several times, from gray to yellow. Such a disease may even be due to the fact that the plant simply did not accept such land, did not take root.

A dangerous disease is rust. Only a special one percent mixture of copper sulfate can save the tree.

A tree with a disease may turn bald and darken, this may be due to hot weather. The needles are burned from the sun and dry out, changing color to yellow.

Spider mite is another dangerous virus for the plant, the symptoms are specks of yellow color. There is also such a pest as a moth. Her buds can be seen on the buds. These embryos hatch in September and begin feeding on the tree.

The tree crowns may not be as pretty and attractive. Such pests always attack already infected trees. No treatment will help here, so the fir has to be burned.

Greenhouse decoration

This plant is very important in the design of greenhouses or any summer cottages. In Japan, fir decor is common. The variety of such a tree is very attractive.

Ground shrubs can serve as any fence on the site. Shrubs in the form of circles look aesthetically pleasing and attractive, which will add some zest to a summer cottage or a large greenhouse.