Pear Nalchik Kostyka

Pear Nalchik Kostyka is ubiquitous in the republics of the North Caucasus and has a set of qualities that make it popular among gardeners in the southern regions of the country. This article will focus on the main characteristics of the late summer pear variety Nalchikskaya Kostyka.

The hybrid variety of pears Nalchikskaya Kostyka was bred relatively recently by the employees of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mountain and Foothill Agriculture P.P. Kostyk and A.I. Tereshchenkova. Zoned across the North Caucasus, it became widespread in Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia and Alania, the Chechen Republic and Dagestan. The recognized favorite of gardeners all over the world became the parents of the pear variety Nalchikskaya Kostyka "Clapp's Favorite"And the Belgian pear variety Beurre" Ardanpont ", also called" Ferdinant ".

Pear Nalchik Kostyka: variety description and characteristics

Nalchikskaya Kostyka pear trees have an average growth rate. In young specimens, the crown has the shape of a pyramid; as it matures, it is replaced by a reverse pyramidal one. It is characterized by medium density and a large amount of foliage. The trunk of the tree is covered with gray rough bark, the skeletal branches located vertically at an angle are painted in a gray-green shade, the shoots are red-brown in color. They are characterized by a rounded cross section and medium length, as well as the absence of an edge and short internodes. The surface of the shoots is often covered with rare tiny lenticels, which help to improve gas exchange in plant tissues. Buds of brown color are attached to the shoots at an angle and are shaped like a cone.

Elongated green leaf plates have jagged contours and a narrow base. The smooth and hard matte surface of the leaf plate is usually concave, there is no edge on it. The leaves are attached to the shoots perpendicularly by means of elongated petioles, the stipules are lancet-shaped.

During the flowering period on the branches of the pear variety Nalchikskaya Kostyka, rather large white flowers bloom with long, non-pubescent pistils located in the center of the calyx.

Features of the variety

• Description of fruits

The pears of the Nalchikskaya Kostyka variety are not large in size, have a regular pear-shaped shape and poorly pronounced ribs. Smooth and dry skin becomes covered with an oily coating during storage. In the phase of removable maturity, it is painted in a pale green color with a dull tan. Consumer maturity is accompanied by a change in skin color to yellow with a green tint and a tan of purple tones. On the surface of some fruits, rusty streaks are noticeable, and a few subcutaneous points are almost invisible. The arcuate stalk is medium in size, as is the saucer covered with grooves, and also an elliptical heart. There are no funnels and axial cavities in the fruits of the "Nalchikskaya Kostyka". Brown medium-sized seeds are quite numerous.

The delicate white pulp of Nalchikskaya Kostyka pears has a yellowish tint and a slightly oily consistency, is saturated with juice, its xylo-sweet flavor bouquet has an assessment of 4.3. The external characteristics of the fruit are estimated at 4.5. The composition of the pulp includes sugar (over 10%), acids (0.2%), vitamin C (2.4 mg per 100 g). Hybrid "Nalchikskaya Kostyka" - dessert, it is often used for the manufacture of drinks.

• Features of fruiting and harvesting

Pear Nalchik Kostyka is partially self-fertile. Best pollinated "Clapp's favorite"And" Williams ".The first fruiting occurs only 6 years after vaccination; in the case of vaccination on quince, this period is reduced to 3-4 years. This variety is characterized by mixed fruiting: fruits appear on various types of branches - from ringlets to last year's twigs, while the age of the wood can range from two to four years. Pear Nalchik Kostyka is famous for the regularity of harvests: at the end of August the phase of removable ripeness of fruits begins, from late summer to late autumn the phase of consumer maturity lasts. Fruits crumble little, tolerate transportation well and show average results in terms of storage. The average yield is about 40 tons per hectare, depending on the type of rootstock: grafting on a wild-growing pear yielded 37 tons of fruits per hectare in Kabardino-Balkaria; Inoculation on quince carried out in Dagestan yielded 41 tons of pears per hectare.

Pear Nalchik Kostyka: advantages and disadvantages

• Dignity pear varieties Nalchik Kostyka

In addition to the outstanding taste of fruits and high volumes of harvest, "Nalchik Kostyka" has a number of other advantages. These include good resistance to adverse weather conditions: the variety tolerates frost well, but is more sensitive to drought. Also, the average resistance of this variety to infectious diseases is noted; in the years of extensive infections of fruit crops, the pear trees of Nalchik Kostyka are relatively rarely affected.

• Flaws pear varieties Nalchik Kostyka

Pear Nalchik Kostyka also has weaknesses. First of all, we are talking about its weak resistance to pest infestation. In addition, bountiful harvests can adversely affect the quality of fruits - pears begin to shrink on overloaded branches.