Blackcurrant Detskoselskaya

One of the best berries that fights against the lack of vitamins in the body is the Detskoselskaya black currant. It contains a large amount of nutrients that fill the body with strength and help boost the body's immune system. Thus, the person gets sick less.

The Detskoselskaya variety was bred at a scientific station in the city of St. Petersburg. Pollination was carried out on Exhibitions with several types of pollen. Several scientists took part in the work, they are considered the authors: E. Glebova, F. Dobrina. After improving the variety, conducting analyzes, checks, it was included in the State Register of the Northern, Central, Volga-Vyatka regions.

Black currant Detskoselskaya: variety description

Detskoselskaya currant: variety photo

Black currant Detskoselskaya is a variety of a rather early ripening period. The bush is medium in size, the shoots are at a great distance from each other, spreading, the bush reaches a height of about 130 centimeters. The lignified basal shoot is thick, long, straight, without irregularities, brown-gray in color with a slight golden tint. New branches that appear every year are thin, even, rather long, green in color, with a small amount of pile.

The leaf has five lobes, each lobe colored emerald with a slight blue tint. The bases of the leaves are cordate, wide, with large teeth along the edge of the leaf. Among all the blades, the central one stands out strongly, it is larger than the others, elongated with bent teeth. There is a central vein in the center of the leaf, it is thick, stretching through the entire leaf. The surface of the leaf is wrinkled, with a large number of small veins located mainly on the lateral lobes.

Buds with a small edge, red-brown color.

Detskoselskaya black currant: characteristic features

• The berries of the Detskoselskaya variety currant reach medium size, about 1.6 grams by weight. The shape of the berries is round, the top of the fruit is slightly elongated. The skin of the berry is shiny, smooth; inside there is a large number of white seeds.
• The separation is dry, the shelf life is high, the taste is dominated by sweetness. The currant cluster consists of 11-12 berries, reaches 9-10 centimeters in length.
• On average, one bush yields a yield of 2.8 kilograms. The bush is highly resistant to frost and fungal diseases.
• Note: Unripe blackcurrant fruits contain more vitamin C, so gardeners sometimes harvest in advance. When fully ripe, the berries become sweeter and lose most of the vitamin.
• The chemical composition of berries contains vitamin C 3%, titratable acids 2%, natural sugar 10%, dry matter 22%, pectin 3%.

Black currant Detskoselskaya: pros and cons

Pros:

• Pleasant taste and aroma of fruits.
• The ability to harvest crops mechanically.
• Long shelf life of berries.
• Resistance to powdery mildew disease.
• The first fruiting occurs 2 years after planting.
• Self-pollination ability up to 80-90%.

Minuses:

• The berries ripen unevenly.
• Weak resistance to kidney mites.

Black currant Detskoselskaya: planting

Detskoselskaya currant: variety photo

Choosing a place.

Before you start planting currants, you need to choose a place, planting time to carry out preparatory work. After planting, the crop requires basic maintenance, which includes watering, weeding, pruning, and fertilizing. Basic care is necessary for a good harvest, otherwise the bush will wither and stop yielding at all.

The choice of the site on which the bush will grow is one of the most important stages, since the fruiting, development and functioning of the currant depends on it. The landing site should be level, meaning landing on higher or lower areas would be a poor option. The site must be well lit, protected from drafts and strong winds. The shade is not suitable for this variety, since under such conditions the bush inhibits its development, and the ripe fruits become sour, small and lose their attractiveness in appearance. In the nearest distance there should be no underground waters, as they can become a source of fungal diseases of the root system, which occur when excess moisture in the soil.

The soil can be loamy, black earth or sandy, clayey when properly prepared.

When to plant?

Detskoselskaya currant can be planted in spring or autumn. Gardeners consider the beginning of October to be the best time, since in a few months the stalk has time to get used to it, to strengthen a little. During the winter period, the soil settles a little, becomes denser and after a year buds appear on the bush, and the first fruiting is also carried out.

If you plant in the spring, then the bush may lag slightly in development.

Seedling selection.

When choosing a Detskoselskaya currant seedling, you need to pay attention to the root system, it must be healthy, developed, without damage. Basal shoots should be 25-35 centimeters long. The purchase of seedlings is carried out in nurseries or in specialized stores. Gardeners recommend giving preference to nurseries, as they provide proper care for the cuttings.

Most varieties of black currant begin to produce a small crop shortly after planting. In the second year after planting, fruiting begins in the Detskoselskaya variety. In order for the first harvest to be of high quality, it is necessary to carry out the correct planting and take good care of the seedling.

Planting begins with preparing the soil and a place for the seedling. Preparation consists in leveling the soil, clearing it of various debris, weeds. In the future, it is necessary to apply fertilizers that will feed the seedling at first. For the preparation of the land, manure is most often used 9:10, phosphate rock 0.9: 10, potassium chloride 0.1: 10. After applying top dressing, the soil must be dug to a depth of 20-24 centimeters. Then it is necessary to prepare the pits, in which the landing itself will be carried out directly. The pits should be distributed at a distance of 120-130 centimeters, if the landing is large, then a distance of 210 centimeters should be observed between the rows. The fossa should be about 70 centimeters wide and about 50 centimeters deep.

After preparing the holes, they must be filled with soil mixed with fertilizers. Such soil includes 5 kilograms of earth, superphosphate 180 grams, wood ash 50 grams. The layer of such soil should be approximately half the depth of the hole. It is necessary to install a seedling in this soil and carefully spread the root system so that it fills the entire space of the pit. After installing the seedling, the root system must be covered with soil. The earth is compacted a little and spilled with an average amount of water. After complete absorption of moisture, mulching must be carried out using soil or peat.If the ground is not compacted, compacted, then there is a risk of infection of the root system with a fungus, which is very often the cause of death of the bush, especially at a young age.

Detskoselskaya black currant: care

• The first step in maintenance is watering. It should be carried out at least 3-4 times a year. The first watering is carried out in the spring in order for the shoots to enter into active growth. The second watering is carried out at the end of May, during this period the formation of fruits begins and in order for the berries to be juicy and large, moisture is needed. The third watering is carried out after harvest. And the last watering is done before the shelter for the winter. For each bush, about 10 liters of water is enough, gardeners water the currants along the entire diameter of the bush. After each watering, it is necessary to wait until the moisture is completely absorbed, carry out mulching with peat, it allows you to retain moisture and heat in the soil.

• The second important step is feeding. It can be carried out 1-3 times per season. Mandatory feeding is considered to be autumn, when the tree needs strength to start active growth and functioning. During this period, manure, humus and other organic fertilizers are used. Throughout the season, it is necessary to carry out 1-2 dressings, it can be complex fertilizers, which contain many elements necessary for currants. Note: Excess fertilizers have a very bad effect on the bush, since they begin not to fill, but rather suck out all the forces. Thus, the immune system weakens and the plant becomes vulnerable. This happens most often from fertilizers with a high nitrogen content.

How to deal with diseases and pests

Detskoselskaya currant: variety photo

Detskoselskaya black currant has an average immunity to diseases and various pests, so if you do not provide proper care, then the bush will hurt. In the fight against diseases and pests, chemical preparations are excellent, which cure the bush in a fairly short time. But some of them can harm the yield of the bush, which will recover for a whole year. Therefore, gardeners do not recommend using chemistry immediately, they suggest trying alternative methods of treatment.

The most effective ways are as follows:

• Processing with garlic and onion solution.
• Using Bordeaux fluid.
• Treatment with a solution of copper sulfate.
• Processing with a solution of laundry soap.

Also, do not forget about preventive measures, which consist in good pruning, inspection and processing. Pruning painful shoots, weak shoots, dry leaves allows the bush to feel better and function better, boosting immunity. Regular inspection of the bush is also a good prevention, because it is much easier to treat the disease in the early stages. The bush itself may show its soreness through its appearance, in such situations the bush is sluggish, with dry leaves. If the plant is sick, then first you need to clean it from the infected parts. They must be cut and burned.

Note: There are diseases that cannot be treated, so the gardener must accept that the bush cannot be saved and must be completely burned so as not to infect the neighboring currant.

The most common diseases are fungal, they begin to develop on the tree in damp weather or with excessive watering. The most famous diseases are:

Rust:

Manifestation: Small red bumps begin to appear on the leaves. Most often it occurs due to the wrong landing site.

Spotting is white.

Manifestation: Burgundy-brown spots begin to form on the surface of the leaves, they begin to darken slowly, turning into black spots. A small gray rim is observed around the specks. If the bush is not cured, then it will die.

Anthracnose

Manifestation: It appears as yellow spots on the face of the leaf, they become burgundy and spread over the surface of the entire leaf, filling it. With a large lesion, the disease can go to shoots and spread throughout the bush. This disease leads to the fall of the clusters of berries, as well as the drying out of the bush.

Sometimes pests can attack the tree:

Kidney mite

Manifestation: The mite crawls into the kidney and begins to suck out its juices. During the period of tick infestation, the bush becomes lethargic, weak, since it lacks nutrients. The buds become swollen and increase in size, deformed leaves are formed.

Treatment: Before treatment, it is necessary to trim the diseased parts and burn them to avoid spreading the tick.

To avoid the disease, it is necessary to carry out prophylaxis using a solution of garlic and onions, as well as spraying with hot water.

Trimming

Pruning is done in early March, before the buds begin to swell.

Note: Above the shoot can be cut, then more branches are formed on the lateral shoot.

There are two types of pruning: molded and sanitary, and each of them plays a large role in the development of the bush. In the process of molded pruning, in the first year it is necessary to shorten all shoots to five, six buds, and then annually remove small branches.

In the process of sanitary pruning, it is necessary to remove excess parts of the bush. This can be excess foliage, dry and weak shoots, broken branches. This pruning protects the currants from disease and pests and improves functioning.

Preparing for the winter period

The variety has a positive quality, which manifests itself in resistance to frost down to -38 degrees. Therefore, the gardener does not need to cover the bush if the temperature does not drop below. But he must take care of the first frosts in the spring, since the flowering of the bush begins at an early time, when the temperature is no more than +10 degrees. Before freezing, it is necessary to cover the bush with brushwood.

Harvest and storage

Since the berries of the Detskoselskaya currant ripen at different times, the gardener will have to spend several harvests. After the first harvest, the grower should inspect every 3-4 days in order to harvest the fruits on time. It is recommended to harvest during the day so that there is no rose. Since dry berries are stored much longer than those covered with dew.

The berries have a dry separation, which allows you not to pinch off the fruit along with the stalk. The berries can be stored in the shade for 12 days. If you put the fruits in the refrigerator, then the shelf life is increased to 18 days.

Detskoselskaya currants can be frozen, used in baking or preserved.