Reproduction of roses

Briefly about the propagation of roses

This wonderful and delicate plant can be propagated in several ways. Every flower lover should know how to propagate a rose. Traditionally, only a couple of methods are used: 1) With the help of seeds; 2) Using a vegetative method. The propagation of roses by means of seeds is used mainly by those who are engaged in the selection of species. In a vegetative way, everyone uses it. When using it, you can preserve the properties of the parent plant.

Propagation of roses using seeds

You can purchase seed material at a specialized gardening store, or you can collect it directly from your plants. You need to start collecting seeds as soon as the seed pod begins to turn red. The germination percentage of such seeds is higher.

Procedure

1) You need to cut the rose fruit and carefully remove the seeds from there;
2) Rinse them in a solution that must be prepared in advance. How to prepare: Mix a glass of clean, warm water with two teaspoons of bleach;
3) Then rinse the seeds as thoroughly as possible from the bleach solution;
4) Prepare a solution of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of three percent. You need to soak the seed in it;
5) Check the seeds from time to time. Remove those that float to the surface, they are not usable.

Reproduction of roses: stratification rules

Stratification is carried out to increase the percentage of seedlings. You need to thoroughly soak a clean cloth or a clean cotton pad in hydrogen peroxide. Wrap the seeds there. Then it needs to be placed in a plastic bag. Next, you need to provide a cool place, with a temperature of three to five degrees. This coolness will stimulate the seedling of the seed. They need to be checked for mold from time to time. If mold appears on any seeds, then they need to be discarded. You can do and much easier: sow the seeds directly into the container. Cover with a lid, put in a cool place. The ideal soil would be a mixture of perlite or vermiculite and nutrient soil.

Reproduction of roses: how to sow seeds

The seeds will hatch in about forty-five to sixty days. They can be planted directly into the soil that fills the selected container. In the process of planting, you need to sprinkle the seeds with means from rotting the root system, for example, you can use a drug called captan.
If such a tool was not at hand, or you did not have time to purchase it, then the seedlings can be sprayed from time to time with a solution of hydrogen peroxide. It is also recommended to mulch the holes with perlite.
The containers in which you planted the seeds, you need to put it away from direct sunlight, at standard room temperature and stabilize the watering regime. Plants will begin to sprout in twenty to thirty days. And form the first buds in about fifty to sixty days.
Sowing seeds is best done in mid-spring. But it should be remembered that rose seeds sprout very poorly, so you should stock up on a large supply of seed material. Those seedlings that have sprung up must be divided into strong and weak. Strong seedlings need to be transplanted into individual pots, where they can bloom after a certain amount of time.

Reproduction of roses in a vegetative way

By itself, vegetative propagation means the ability of a plant to regenerate from its separate part. For example, from foliage, root, or stem.
The basis of this method is that plant organisms can recover through cell division. Plants obtained in this way will have the same properties and characteristics as their parent plant.
With these methods, all known cultivated varietal roses can be propagated. There are several options for this: 1) Using layering; 2) With the help of offspring; 3) Using cuttings; 4) By dividing the bush; 5) By vaccination.
Those plants that are grown using the vegetative method will qualify as rooted. Such plants, even after the death of all their green mass, will release shoots from the root collar. They will develop a little slower than those that are vaccinated. Wintering is not very well tolerated. But growing them is much easier.

How to root with layering

This method requires strong and long shoots. Roses will go: 1) Climbing type; 2) Ground-blooded type; 3) Shrub species. It is best to start this process at the beginning of the summer period. It is recommended that you choose shoots that are not located very deep underground. For their chance of forming root systems is higher. It is very important: 1) Free the soil from weeds; 2) Carry out a deep digging; 3) Add peat; 4) Apply coarse sand.

Traditional method for propagating roses

All foliage must be removed from a suitable shoot. On the lower part of the shoot, you need to make an incision on the selected bud, then place a clean chip there. This will help stimulate the formation of the root system. Next to the hole in which the bush grows, you need to dig a small groove, the depth should be about ten centimeters. If the shoot does not bend, then you can strengthen it with metal or wooden arches.
Sprinkle the shoot with soil, lightly tamp and water. Watering must be stable. If the summer heat is on the street, then you need to do this several times a day.
At the beginning of the autumn period, the shoot must be separated from the parent specimen. And after fifteen to twenty days, the top can be cut off. After a while, you need to transplant to a permanent habitat. But if the root system is not sufficiently developed, then the transplant should be postponed until next spring.

Propagation of roses by the method with vertical layers

These methods are used only in cases: 1) If the variety to which the plant belongs, tolerates pruning well; 2) If the plant needs to be propagated for subsequent sale.

Procedure

1) Before wintering, you need to cut the rose so that only a sprout five to seven centimeters long is left of it; 2) In the spring, when the shoots have already grown to ten to fifteen centimeters, hilling must be carried out so that the culture is completely covered with earth. You need to huddle during the entire duration of growth and development.The soil should be warm and slightly damp; 3) Towards the end of the autumn period, when the foliage has already fallen off and the plant will prepare for a state of dormancy, the soil must be slightly shaved off the culture. Those shoots that managed to take root should be very carefully cut off from the parent specimen and transplanted to a new place.

Propagation of roses by the method with the offspring of the root system

This method is most often used in the propagation of park varieties of roses. After all, it is these roses that produce a large number of offspring. This is the easiest way, but the least productive, considering the volumes.

What are offspring

Root offshoots are those that grow straight and form at the crop border. The largest number is generated by the southern part of the bush. You can simply cut off their mother specimen and you will already have a new plant.

How to deal with the offspring of the root system

Those offspring that have just crawled out to the surface of the soil and have not yet formed their root system receive food from the mother specimen. The root system will begin to form only after ten to twelve months, just after this time you can begin to separate the offspring. You can start holding this event at the beginning of the spring period, that is, when the earth has already thawed. At the time of transplanting, you need to cut off one third of its length from the stem, this will stimulate the culture to form a root system and abundant bushiness.

Propagation of roses by cuttings

This is a fairly easy process and can be done by any plant lover. Using this method, even flowers from a bouquet can be propagated. This method is most suitable for such roses as: 1) Climbing rose; 2) Miniature rose; 3) Polyanthus rose; 4) Some of the floribunda variety.
The advantages of this method are that: 1) There is a lot of material for planting; 2) You will not have to spend financially; 3) No need to wait long. The recommended time for this event is the end of the first month, the beginning of the second month of the summer period.

How to prepare cuttings

To do this, you need to take an escape, which is already a year old. Cut off the top from it, because it is not needed. Only the middle of the shoot is used. The shoot should be five to six millimeters thick. Cut off unnecessary parts, it is recommended right before planting. There should be two or three buds on the handle. The top cut should be two centimeters above the kidney itself, and the bottom cut just below the kidney itself. For cutting purposes, a clean and sharp instrument must be used. The lower pairs of foliage need to be removed, only two or three leaves can be left, the thorns also need to be removed. The bottom cut on the plant must be treated with an agent to stimulate growth and development. You need to land at an angle of forty-five degrees. If the number of suitable cuttings is very large, then you can root them in clean, warm water.

Reproduction of roses in greenhouse conditions

If there are a lot of cuttings, then rooting in a greenhouse would be a reasonable option. It is recommended to mount it another twenty to thirty days before the scheduled disembarkation.

Greenhouse space

A slightly shaded, open area should be chosen as a place for building a greenhouse. On the cat, underground waters should lie in one hundred fifty or two hundred centimeters.

Greenhouse soil

You need to dig a hole, the length that you need, the width should be one hundred to one hundred and fifty centimeters. Next, it needs to be filled sixty percent with liquid manure and covered with a film so that everything is properly rewound. It will take about ten to fourteen days for the greenhouse to warm up and shrink the soil. After this time, the film can be removed. And pour a mixture of sod and leafy soil into the litter in a two-to-one ratio. Or mix nutrient soil and peat soil, in a one-to-one ratio.On top you need to lay a layer of three to five centimeters of coarse sand.

Reproduction of roses: how to plant

Before planting, the soil must be thoroughly shed. You need to plant no deeper than fifteen to twenty millimeters. The distance between the seedlings should be kept at five centimeters, and the distance between the rows should be at least eight to ten centimeters. At the same time, it is very important to ensure that the cut on the lower part was completely in the soil, and not just in a layer of sand. Immediately after planting, you need to spill the seedlings with water and cover the greenhouse with a transparent film.

In the first ten to fourteen days after transplanting, you need to pay special attention to the seedlings, you need to spray it daily, about five to seven times. And monitor the moisture content of the soil. If it's summer heat outside, then you need to ventilate the greenhouse, because the circulation of fresh air is also very important. After fifteen to twenty days, spraying can be reduced to three times a day. The percentage of air humidity should be at ninety. At about the same time, the planted cuttings will begin to form calluses, and after another fifteen to twenty days, they will begin to form a root system and flower buds will grow. As soon as this starts to happen, the film shelter must be dismantled. The buds also need to be pinched off so that they do not take away the forces that should go to growth and development. However, it is too early to transplant to a permanent place. They need to be left in greenhouse conditions until next spring.

How to propagate cuttings from a bouquet

For such a process, it is required to cut the middle of the stem into separate cuttings up to twelve to fifteen centimeters in length. They should have two or three flower buds. The uppermost cut must be made fifteen millimeters from the kidney. The cut of the lower type should be carried out at an angle of forty-five degrees, and then cauterized with brilliant green or potassium permanganate. All thorns and lower foliage must be removed. And the top foliage needs to be reduced by one third. Before planting, it is recommended to put future seedlings in a solution with a growth stimulator for twelve hours. Aloe juice is considered very productive. The part at the bottom of the cutting should be rolled in growth powder and planted in the ground, which is covered with a layer of coarse sand, to a depth of fifteen to twenty millimeters. Each stalk must be planted in a separate cup and covered with a plastic bottle on top, without a throat. Thus, the seedling will have greenhouse conditions for growth and development. This is a simple, but not very productive way.

Of ten seedlings, only three will give roots.

Most of all, this method is suitable for roses with dark colors, for example: 1) Dark pinkish; 2) red; 3) Maroon and so on. Plants with light tones are the least pliable to this method: 1) Delicate orange; 2) Light pink; 3) Yellowy; 4) White.

How to propagate cuttings under a jar

This is not a difficult, but even convenient method for breeding. The cuttings should be stratified as always. The chosen place should be slightly in the shade, that is, without direct sunlight. Planting should be carried out in the middle of the autumn period, that is, thirty to forty days before the winter period. It is necessary to deepen the cuttings with a slight slope, approximately to the lower buds. Under one jar, two or three seedlings can be enough. After planting, they need abundant watering. If there is no rain, then you need to moisten the soil yourself. And after about thirty to forty days, you will be able to observe how foliage is formed on the handle. For the winter period, you need to cover the jars very well with fallen leaves. Already in the spring, with stable warm weather, around the end of May, the canned shelter can be dismantled.

Reproduction of roses: method with dividing the bush

This will require adult specimens with multiple shoots.Even at the beginning of the spring period, it is necessary to dig them out entirely, the roots with shoots must be cut off by one third of their length. If you are going to carry out this procedure right in the spring, then you need to shorten the shoots by two-thirds. The best time for such an event is considered to be evening. Each separate part of the bush should have a piece of the root system and a shoot that will have two or three buds. The cutting tool must be clean and sharp, before cutting, it is recommended to disinfect the object.
After the roots of the seedlings, you need to dip in seven of clay and mullein (in equal proportions) and plant. Planting depth should be approximately five centimeters. After disembarking, you need to shed and loosen everything well. After twelve to twenty months, the seedlings will get stronger and will claim the title of an adult specimen.

Reproduction of roses: propagation method by means of grafting

Grafting a plant is one might say a method on an artificial basis, because the stalk is simply pinched. This method will cause much less harm to health for varietal types of roses. The best time for such a procedure is considered to be winter and the period from April to August, because it is during these seasons that sap flow is activated. The success of the event will depend on the quality of the plant itself. Withered or frostbitten cuttings will not work. However, if the cuttings began to dry not so long ago, then you can try to revive them.

It is necessary to put in water and observe for several days.

For grafting to a rose, you can use rosehip twigs. But not from everyone. Since the rose loves warmth, it can accept: 1) Moisture-resistant species of rose hips; 2) Frost-resistant rose hips; 3) Drought-resistant rosehip species. Rosehips should be able to have a strong, healthy and powerful root system in their arsenal. Roses can be: 1) Wrinkled rose; 2) Cinnamon rose; 3) Needle Rose; 4) Dog rose.

Reproduction of roses: grafting methods

There are two ways to plant a plant.

Summer Vaccination Method

This is the most popular and successful way. It is also called budding and peephole. It is recommended to spend from the tenths of July to the tenths of August.

How to conduct

There are several mandatory steps: 1) The neck of the rosehip root must be well cleaned of the earthy coma, and the lateral shoots must be cut off; 2) On the same neck, you need to make cuts in the shape of the letter "T", with the following parameters: 1) A horizontal line within two to five centimeters; 2) A vertical line within one centimeter. The bark covering must be gently pushed apart; 3) From cuttings for grafting, it is required to remove the upper part and all the foliage. You also need to remove one peephole using a bottom-up movement. If there is an extra tree, then delete it too; 4) The removed peephole must be carefully placed in the cut. Those parts that will protrude need to be cut off. The inoculated area must be tightly bandaged with budding tape; 5) After fifteen to twenty days, you need to check how successful the vaccination was. If the incision with the eye retained its green tint and slightly increased in size, then everything was correct and the vaccination was successful.

Before the winter period, the roses must be earthed without fail, but this must be done so that the soil howls above the budding itself by five centimeters. In early spring, the seedlings need to be undone just below the grafting site. Remove the film itself, cut off the upper part at a distance of one centimeter from the place of budding. After ten to fifteen days, the bud will gradually grow and over time will give rise to a young shoot. If you want to form a bush, then you need to pinch young shoots under the fourth pair of foliage.

Winter grafting method

The recommended time for it is the end of the winter period, approximately in the month of February. It is necessary to start preparing cuttings for grafting since the last autumn period.They can be stored in the basement in a damp mixture of coarse sand and sawdust. From the middle of winter, the shoot needs to be moved to a slightly warmer place, where it also needs to be dug in and allowed to lie down for seven days. On the handle, you need to make an incision obliquely and combine it with the other side incision. After that, you need to rewind the cuttings with a film and immediately process them with a garden blast.

Plants grafted by this method should be folded with a slight slope and buried in a mixture of wet moss and sawdust. After a few days, they can be transplanted into a separate vessel and kept in a warm place. And with the arrival of the spring period, you can land in garden conditions.

Reproduction of roses: tips from experienced florists

First tip

An ideal grafting cuttings should be those that have been growing for two to three years and have a well-developed neck of the root system, the thickness should be about eight to ten millimeters. The bark cover should also be mature, meaning that it can easily come off when cut.

Second tip

If you are doing summer grafting, then you need to do this with plants that have already faded. The shoots from which the eyes are taken must be strong and healthy. Its thickness should be approximately five to seven millimeters.

Third tip

Cut off the shoots after the watering procedure. Prior to the grafting process, it must be stored in a wet tissue. If the weather is rainy, then it is better to refuse vaccination.

Reproduction of roses: conclusion

With proper execution of procedures and proper care, you will always be delighted with beautiful, healthy and lush blooming bushes. It is worth remembering that the rose is a rather fragile and delicate plant, although it has sharp thorns on its stems. It is imperative to provide her with care and attention.