Organic fertilizers

Types of organic fertilizers.
Organic fertilizer is a fertilizer that is obtained from natural material. From plants, animal waste products. They contain many nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium and many others). Unlike mineral fertilizers, which are absorbed by plants quickly, organic fertilizers decompose gradually, under the influence of moisture and microorganisms. Organic fertilizer, like other organic matter, can nourish the plant for a single year, while at the same time it improves the composition and properties of the soil. which is why they are considered environmentally friendly by comparison. with mineral.

Cow dung- one of the most famous and ubiquitous fertilizers.
The manure contains water, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium easily assimilated for plants. It improves the composition of the soil, making it more permeable to air and water.
Completely decomposes within 3-5 years.
You need to apply it as a fertilizer carefully, in small portions, well rotted and not every year.
Fresh manure cannot be applied. First, it contains many pests, plant seeds. Secondly, decomposing, fresh manure generates a lot of heat, so there is a risk of burning the plant roots.
Applying manure every year will harm the plants rather than help. Since it decomposes over several years and at the same time gives up minerals to the plant, in particular nitrogen. If we feed it annually, then there will be a lot of this element in the soil, there will be an excess of nitrogen and our plants will be saturated with nitrates.
Also remember that if you have acidic soils, then it is better to refuse this type of fertilizer, as it will acidify the soil even more.

Bird droppings. According to its composition, it is considered the best organic fertilizer, which contains substances in an easily digestible form for a plant: nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, magnesium. Poultry droppings are capable of destroying a number of pathogens, so it not only improves the quality of the soil, but also disinfects it.
Most effective in liquid form or in combination with peat, soil. You need to apply to well-moistened soil. Water not at the root of the plant, but next to it in the furrow.

CompostIs a vegetable fertilizer. It is prepared by piling the remains of plants (tops, fallen leaves) into one pile for decay. It is best not to prepare compost on the ground, but to put straw under it, and alternate layers of plants with soil or peat. In winter, cover with sawdust or earth, and in summer, protect from excessive sunlight.
Compost can easily replace manure, it also contains a lot of nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus and other trace elements. When introduced, it increases the vital activity of beneficial microorganisms, the nitrogen-fixing ability of plants.

Ash it is also a good fertilizer. It contains magnesium, iron, boron, phosphorus, manganese, magnesium and other elements. It is easy to get it yourself, you do not need a lot of money. The only thing to store it is in a well-sealed container, do not allow it to get wet. A wet hall loses its nutritional properties. There is no nitrogen in its composition, so this component must be added additionally. If you have acidic soil, then the hall can be brought in to reduce acidity. It has the property of deoxidizing the soil, so use it carefully on slightly acidic and neutral soils. It is better to bring it into the hole, or scatter it over the soil surface. It is possible to feed the plants with ash only after the appearance of real leaves on them, since its salts inhibit young plants.

Peat... Improves the quality of the soil, makes the soil more permeable to air and water, like manure. But unlike manure, it contains few nutrients. It is better to use it in combination with other organic fertilizers. It can be used on neutral soils as it will acidify the soil. If you mix it with ash, you can also use it on acidic soil. Only the upper layers of peat can be used as fertilizer, the middle and lower layers are well suited as mulch.

Sawdust. Cheap organic fertilizer, which can increase soil fertility, its air and moisture permeability. It is necessary to bring in a rotted form, since fresh sawdust draws out nitrogen and water. To accelerate the decomposition, sawdust can be moistened with water and mixed with plant residues. They can acidify the soil.

Silt or sapropel. Organic matter that accumulates at the bottom of rivers, ponds, lakes. Sludge contains more nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus than manure. It decomposes quickly in the soil. It has antibacterial and antiseptic properties, therefore it cleans the soil from harmful substances, diseases, pests. It is a growth biostimulant.

Siderata. Fertilizers from green plants such as legumes, cereals.
These plants are planted together with vegetables to improve its structure, to enrich the soil with nitrogen and inhibit the growth of weeds. For example, cereal plants secrete substances that inhibit the growth of weeds, legumes are in symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert nitrogen for plants into an assimilable form.
Many siderates have deep roots. They lift essential nutrients from the deeper layers.