Daylily: classification of varieties with a description

Daylilies are rightfully on the list of leaders of the most popular flowers, their variety of colors, incredible aromas and easy care leave rivals far behind. The Daylily Society (America) has counted 80,000, such a variety will satisfy even the most demanding and aesthetes.

In 1971, two main varieties were identified: species and varietal

Daylily: types

Despite the huge variety of hybrids in daylilies, 6 species are considered to be the basis:

1. Hemerocallis Fulva. It takes root and grows almost all over the planet, and grows wild in the temperate zone. It is a tall plant, the leaves are not wide and long, not very lowered down, colorful large flowers. The color goes from a bright yellow core to yellow-brown petals.

2.The 16th century brought Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus to the daylily family. They like to use this type in the design of parks and recreation areas. A characteristic feature is the bright yellow color of long (about 6-7 cm) petals.

3. Hemerocallis citrina. Most often, this species can be seen in China, here it is mainly a wild plant. Their uniqueness lies in the fact that they bloom at night. The flowers are constantly in a semi-open state. The petals are rich lemon color, 12 to 15 cm long. The species has a strong aroma.

4. Mongolia and China, as well as the Far East are the homeland of Hemerocallis minor, here they can be seen "at every turn." Flowers are uniformly colored yellow and arranged in 6-7 pieces per brush.

5. Hemerocallis thunbergii is a rival of hemerocallis citrina. They are often confused due to the similarity of the inflorescences. The color of the flowers is yellow. Unlike its competitor, this species gives off a slightly noticeable aroma, and the main difference is in the daytime flowering.

6. Hemerocallis middendorffii early species. Distributed in the Far East and is characterized by a large number of buds of 10 pieces

Daylily: varieties

Varietal daylilies are created by man artificially, by the method of pollination of different species and varieties of plants. This species is called Hemerocallis hybrida hortulorum, and today it has 35,000 varieties. The flowering period is all summer, from start to finish.

The most amazing thing is the huge range of colors. The brightness of the color and its saturation depends on the genetics of the flower. Experiments with color have led to the fact that the hybrids are mostly either two-color or multi-color. The color mixing of daylilies is considered to be of the highest quality.

Gradation

If from all of the above you have the impression that all daylilies are like a copied coloring, the same shape and different colors, then you are greatly mistaken. Botanists are constantly expanding their qualifications and groups, but in this article we will also make a small gradation:

Height:

- Low-growing perennials vary from 30 cm, it is interesting that you will not find them less than this border, up to 60 cm maximum.

- Medium and tall, the former reach 90 cm, and the latter have collected all the daylilies whose flower stalks are above the specified border.

Flower shape and size

If you distinguish the daylily in shape and size, then thanks to the works of scientists, 4 groups can be derived:

- Terry. This group seems to be dressed in ball gowns, flowers complemented by a petal row and decorated with a flounce on the border. All these benefits make them lush like peonies. Unfavorable weather conditions can lead to loss of petals.

- Arachnids. This group has the largest inflorescences. A distinctive feature is the predominance of width in relation to the length of the petals (half a cm by 25% and 5 cm). This form is very much favored by collectors of florists. Breeders are constantly working on the ever greater perfection of the daylily.

- Uncertain.This group is rich in a variety of shapes, the flowers in their shape resemble various shapes. Note that according to the characteristics of the petals, they are very similar to the arachnids.

- Polymers have one petal row of 8-12 petals, all the other groups of 6 petals.

Note that flowers can be divided into miniature, small and large. The diameter of such species is up to 7 cm, from 7 to 11.5 cm and from 11.6 cm, respectively.

By vegetation

There are 3 main development groups:

1. Sleepers. Autumn fall of foliage is characteristic, in cold weather they exist in a state of rest. Development begins with the arrival of spring. Ideal for temperate climatic zones, therefore they are widespread in our country. This group is usually abbreviated as "Dor".

2. Evergreens. This group is common in warm climatic zones. This variety takes root well and blooms in regions with pronounced changes of the seasons. The flowering period will last in summer and autumn, but the plant will die in frost. In the southern regions, this group pleases with aromas and flowers for almost 365 days, leaving in the hibernation period for only 14 days. Abbreviation for the group "Ev".

3. Semi-evergreens. Daylilies of this group can be called universal, they easily adapt to any weather conditions. In the cold season, growth does not stop, but the daylily throws off its leaves. In warm regions, like evergreens, development proceeds year-round. Group designation "Sev".

Flowering time

- From late May to early June, ultra early.

- From the tenth to the twenty-fifth of July, early

- Averages enter the flowering period from July 20th to 30th.

- Late ones bloom at the end of summer.

With such a tricky knowledge, gardeners can organize their garden or flower bed in such a way that they enjoy flowering throughout the summer and autumn.

In foreign literature, you will find two more periods, the middle early and middle late, these periods are denied by Russian botanists.

Note that with early bud formation, the budding phase is small and vice versa.

Flowering time

The flowering time in printed publications, and especially in specialized literature, is often denoted by abbreviated Latin letters. These abbreviations qualify daylilies in terms of budding time.

- The first varieties in bloom denote "E"

- Varieties in the flowering phase from the last weeks of June to the beginning of July: "I AM"

- Mediums open and bloom in the middle of summer, and are designated "M"

- Mid-late blooms from 18 July and end the flowering period 15-18 August, letter abbreviation "ML"

- In the second half of August and until the first half of September, late daylilies begin to bloom. Letter designation "L"

- "VL" very late

- Varieties entering budding "in a circle" with a difference of 2-3 weeks are designated "RE" (repaired)

The subtleties of growing

The basic rules for growing and caring for daylilies are simple: the soil in which your plants grow and develop should be constantly in a state of moderate moisture. Any preponderance of this state towards dryness or moisture can destroy your flower.

In planting, give preference to the sunny side of your site. In the matter of feeding, be guided by the soil composition and, based on it, determine their amount. Of course, the standard preparation of the soil in the form of fertilization in the spring remains, the second time it is recommended to do this after flowering.

Breeding varieties is possible by cuttings. Gardening professionals can activate the buds of shrubs from a dormant state.