Violet tricolor

This plant is very often found in flower beds, various areas and adjacent territories. Flowers are characterized by the presence of three shades. Among flower growers, there is a second name for the plant, which is most often used - it is Pansies. However, in botany, this plant is called the tricolor violet. There are annual varieties and biennial varieties of tricolor violet. This plant is unpretentious to care for, and in the wild it can grow like a weed in large areas.

Thanks to the fruitful work of breeders, it was possible to breed a variety that has large flowers. Further, this plant began to be grown for decorative purposes, and it also has medicinal properties. Tricolor violet is often used as an anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, and also antimicrobial.

Tricolor violet plant: variety description and structure

violet tricolor: photo

Violet tricolor belongs to herbaceous crops and belongs to the Violet family. Violet tricolor has a straight stem, sometimes it is branched. There are a small amount of villi on it. Sometimes there are bare stems. The stem is empty in the middle. There are such types of violets, which are a creeping plant. The stem reaches 30 centimeters in height, but its size varies greatly. Violet tricolor leaves grow alternately, have a small petiole. The shape of the leaf plate has jagged edges and is slightly elongated. If the leaf is at the bottom of the plant, then it has the shape of an egg, and on top of the plant there are leaves of a different shape, mainly lanceolate.

The root system is typical for pivotal plants. And the stem of the tricolor violet itself has a thin diameter. Peduncles are of sufficient length and grow from leaf sinuses. Each flower has about 5 petals, the color of the flowers can be completely different. There are also shades of blue, dark purple, dark blue, yellow and various other tones. The upper petals are the largest. At the same time, they are slightly bent. The side petals are somewhat smaller and lighter in shade. While the lower petals are the smallest, and, as a rule, they are either yellow or white. The flowering period lasts almost all summer, after which the fruit is formed in the form of a box.

A large number of seeds ripen in the capsule, about 3000, which can be used for sowing within 2 years. As described above, this plant can be one year old or two year old. Annual plants grow from seeds that have fallen into the ground, while biennial plants grow from the root.

The tricolor violet plant in the wild likes to grow where there is a temperate climate, in particular, it can be seen in Europe, Siberia, the Caucasus, as well as in Asian countries. Violet prefers to grow on nutrient-rich soil, among fields, in ravines. You can see it along the trails and on the copses.

Classification of violets tricolor

Violet tricolor: photo of the variety

Below are several subspecies of the tricolor violet that can be seen wild.

• Subspecies of Curtis. This plant can be seen in the meadows of Great Britain and Ireland. The stem height here reaches 15 cm.
• Viola of Macedon. This is the next subspecies that usually grows in Greece.
• Viola morning most often grows in Ukraine.
• Viola subalpine can be found in the Alps. Here the plant grows like a perennial.
• And also the interesting name of the subspecies "Jumping Johnny". This subspecies grows in Europe, and its height does not exceed 20 cm.

There are also some superstitions that this plant should not be planted in the front garden.

Violet tricolor herb: application

Violet tricolor: photo of the variety

It was indicated above that the tricolor violet plant has medicinal properties, therefore it has long been used in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Infusions of various parts of the tricolor violet are used as lotions for diseases such as cough, hernia, scrofula.

Also, official medicine recognizes the presence of medicinal properties in the tricolor violet, since the leaves of the tricolor violet and the stems contain such substances necessary for treatment as ascorbic acid, carotenoids, tannins, etc.

It is necessary to correctly collect and dry the tricolor medicinal violet in order to preserve all the useful properties. They begin to collect the grass during the flowering period, from summer to autumn. To do this, you need to collect the stems and dry in a cool, ventilated area. It is better to spread the plants on the table so that their layer does not exceed 6 cm and periodically shift them so that they do not rot. When the leaves of the violet tricolor and the stems become brittle, it means that they are ready.

Violet tricolor: medicinal properties and contraindications

After the raw material has dried enough, it must be brewed like tea. In this case, the broth will have a pleasant aroma and sweet aftertaste.

For brewing, pour 5 grams of herb with a glass of boiling water and leave for 10 minutes. The broth is used about 3 times a day. It is especially effective for dry coughs, and is also an excellent diuretic. In addition, the broth is used as a gargle for various ENT diseases and is used during a cold as an expectorant.

Even better in the treatment of dry cough will be a combination of tricolor violets with fennel fruits and plantain leaves. It is necessary to mix everything in equal proportions and brew one tablespoon of the mixture with a glass of boiling water, after which the agent must be insisted for half an hour.

Medicine allows the manufacture of preparations containing violets, which are used in the treatment of bronchitis, gout, tuberculosis, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and others.

In addition, lotions can be made from violets, which perfectly help with damage to the skin. Lotions treat skin diseases. Infusion of violets treat skin diseases in children. Here it is necessary to pour 200 g of dry violets with a liter of water. Then the mixture is boiled for 15 minutes, after which it is filtered and added to a bath of water. The patient takes a bath for 15 minutes. For an adult, the concentration is taken more, about 500 g.

Rules for growing tricolor violets

The plant has been grown for a long time. Breeders have developed and developed new tricolor violet hybrids that look even better than wild violet... The plant is used for decorative purposes when creating landscape design, decorate flower beds, borders and rock gardens. In addition, violets are grown both independently and in combination with other plants in various containers and garden boxes.

Landing place

The tricolor violet loves a lot of light, so this plant must be grown in an open sunny space. However, the plant should not be exposed to direct sunlight throughout the day. The best option would be diffused lighting. You can sow the violet near large bushes or under trees with a sparse crown.

If the plant does not bloom for a long time, then the air temperature is too high.To grow a violet, as a perennial plant, a low place is not suitable, where water from snow or rain can accumulate. There is a high risk of getting sick with various fungi.

The best soil for violets to grow is neutral or loamy soil. Moreover, it should contain a lot of useful nutrients. It is best to mix it with compost or use humus.

Violet tricolor grass must be watered regularly, since the roots are located close to the surface. At the same time, you do not need to overdo it so that there is no stagnation of moisture in the roots. After watering, it is necessary to loosen the violet so that a crust does not form, which prevents air from entering the root system. Periodically, the violet is fed. Superphosphate is a great fertilizer.

Sowing

The tricolor violet plant is grown by sowing seeds directly into open soil or grown through seedlings.

If the climate is warm and mild enough, then you can plant in open ground. The optimal period for this will be May, when the soil warms up well. Small furrows are pre-dug into which the seeds are placed. Do not bury them too deeply, otherwise they will sprout for a long time. Sprinkle the seeds lightly with soil, and then good watering is needed. If you sow the seeds of the tricolor violet in the summer season, they will bloom only next year. Before the arrival of winter, the plants will be able to adapt and, as it should, take root. In order for the flowers of the tricolor violet not to freeze in winter, it is necessary to close the crops with peat or spruce branches. When sowing violets, a distance of about 20 cm between rows should be observed. When the seeds sprout, if necessary, the plants dive.

By cultivating violet through seedlings, sowing should be done at the end of winter. In specialized stores there are a large number of different varieties of tricolor violet seeds, so it is best to purchase them ready-made. It will be possible to collect your own seeds next year. In order to stimulate the germination of seeds, you can pre-soak them in a solution of a growth stimulant, for example, Epine.

For seedlings, you should choose a fairly spacious box or container. Some sow seeds directly into separate cups. The soil for the seeds must be specially selected. You can use a ready-made composition for violets. If you add more perlite to it, then the soil will be lighter and more loose. Do not forget about a good drainage layer, which is perfect for crushed stone or expanded clay. Before sowing, it is necessary to shed prepared soil and build small trenches. Seeds can be covered with a thin layer of earth or vermiculite.

Further, for the seedlings, you need to create the necessary care and maintain an optimal microclimate. A specially constructed shelter made of glass or polyethylene will help in this.

Flower violet tricolor: photo of the variety

You can also grow seedlings in a glass. You can sow four seeds in each glass and cover the glass with a bag on top. Next, the container with seeds is placed in a room, the air temperature of which will be about 18 degrees, and in a week the first shoots will appear. From time to time you need to remove the shelter in order to water the plants and ventilate them.

When two real leaves appear on each flower of the tricolor violet, the seedlings dive. After about 20 days, you need to make the first feeding. It is good to use mineral compositions as fertilizer. Then in May the seedlings will be ready for transplanting outdoors. For better hardening of seedlings, it is necessary to periodically take out the box outside for a while.

First, you need to dig shallow holes, about 5 cm deep and then plant sprouts there, keeping a clod of earth. The distance between the seedlings should be approximately 20 cm.After transplanting, the tricolor violet must be watered. Some growers transplant into open ground, waiting for the flowering period. In the future, the grass violet tricolor does not require special care, since it is an unpretentious plant.

Conclusion

The tricolor violet is in great demand among flower growers, since it not only perfectly performs decorative functions, growing both as an independent plant and in combination with other plants, but also has many medicinal properties. In addition, the plant is unpretentious and, subject to the basic rules of care, will delight the eye throughout the season.

Violet tricolor: flower application