Dybera black

Dyber black cherry is an excellent variety, which is considered one of the oldest and most popular in horticulture. Its difference from many other plantings is that cherries give an incredibly plentiful and high-quality harvest, which does not become smaller even under the influence of some negative factors from the outside.

If the gardener is familiar with some of the features and subtleties of planting Diber black cherries, then he will be able to achieve a really excellent result. It is very important to understand where this variety came to us from, what are its features, how to plant the plants correctly and take care of them in such a way that the plantings are protected from pests and common diseases.

Dayber black cherry: variety description

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

The black cherry variety Dyber turned out as a result of accidental pollination, which occurred on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula back in 1892. The variety got its name just in honor of the gardener who first started describing - A. Dyber.

In 1947, the sweet cherry was entered into the state register, and it was recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasian territory, as well as in the regions of the Lower Volga region. But gradually it became more interesting for gardeners to make attempts to cultivate this variety in some other territories and in other areas. As a result, the Dyber black cherry variety withstood many tests and fell in love with gardeners even in those areas where it was not originally supposed to grow.

Dyber black cherry belongs to one of the large-fruited varieties, the weight of the berries varies from six to seven kilograms. Berries the result is a dark red hue, the pulp is also dark - juicy and sweet, often receives the highest tasting ratings from gardeners and gardeners, as well as from professional tasters and ordinary consumers of the variety. In general, it is a versatile variety that gives abundant and healthy fruiting.

Berries also have a universal purpose - they are great for eating them fresh, and you can also use berries in order to organize dietary or baby food, prepare various desserts from cherries, blanks and freezes, preserves and jams, drinks - wine, juice, compotes.

Also, the taste properties go well with other berries and fruits, so you can make cherries as part of other blanks. The pulp contains a very large amount of vitamins and minerals, useful substances that have a wonderful effect on human immunity, accelerating its metabolism.

Next, we will dwell on characteristics of the external features of the variety Dyber's cherries are black and on what this planting is like, what the tree looks like, what are the advantages and disadvantages of the variety.

Crown wide, has a pyramidal shape, but in general the gardener can shape it in accordance with his wishes and tastes. The crown is densely leafy, it looks quite interesting and attractive, and the impressive size is only good for the planting.

Most importantly, during flowering, the plant turns into a snow-white and fragrant cloud that amazes the imagination of gardeners. Further, I would like to dwell in more detail directly on the description of the external characteristics of the variety and on the characteristics of the crop.

In principle, this tree looks quite standard by the standards of cherry plantings, and sometimes some may confuse this variety with many others.But still, do not forget that the plant has its own unique features and characteristics, which are taken into account when selecting activities related directly to care.

Kidney have an average size, they must be viable, since new shoots and branches will bloom from them in the future, and a crop will form.

Dyber black cherry leaves flat and rather large, they look like ordinary leaves on cherry plantings, rounded, the edges may be slightly retracted and pointed. During flowering, a large number of leaves are formed on the tree, and therefore the crown always looks very thickened and elegant, generally demonstrating excellent results in its growth and development, as well as in decorativeness.

The crown is of medium thickening, the trunk is covered with smooth bark. The bark itself has a slightly brown color, but over time it can darken, peel off, which suggests that the tree is gradually maturing, and it is worth looking after it more carefully so that it bears fruit for as long as possible and pleases gardeners with its abundant and tasty harvest.

The leaves are elliptical, the tips are slightly pointed - in general, this is a fairly typical leaf form, which is found in both cherry and cherry crops, which are close relatives to each other.

Flowers they can be located alone, or there can be bouquets-inflorescences, which consist of three flowers. These are mainly flowers of the female type, which are colored in a light pinkish-cream shade. During flowering, the planting looks really incredibly attractive and attractive, the plant looks decorative, and the flowers themselves are very fragrant.

Therefore, more experienced gardeners choose cherries not only in order to get a harvest, but also in order to decorate their backyard with such a delicate and wonderful tree.

Vegetation period is about 70 days. Fruit they are large, the weight of one berry can be about seven grams, and in shape they are more reminiscent of slightly rounded hearts. The color of both the skin and the pulp is red, the juice also turns out to be red.

Taste characteristics valued quite highly, tasters emphasize the sweet taste of the berries and the density of the pulp, which allows the fruit to be stored for a long time and to be transported over long distances. Berries also retain their integrity for a long time when harvested - another advantage for those who do not yet know how to fully realize their harvest.

This variety is recommended for growing in temperate climates, mainly in the southern or central parts of Russia. But there are experienced gardeners who say that they were able to grow cherries in less stable areas, and the harvest was just as good in quality.

Further, I would like to consider in more detail all the characteristics of the Diber black cherry. So it will be much easier for a gardener to decide for himself whether he wants to grow this variety on his site, and whether he can cope with all the requirements of agricultural technology, taking into account the subtleties of the variety, its main features, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

How to grow a variety of Dyber black: features

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

Dyber black cherry requires regular and fairly abundant glaze, since this plant is generally not capable of tolerating droughts for a long time - this applies to absolutely any variety and any variety.

In order to get juicy and very tasty fruits attractive in their characteristics, it is recommended to carry out abundant monthly watering, focusing on the weather and climatic conditions.This will also help prevent the berries from shedding ahead of time, which means that the gardener will be able to collect the maximum harvest and realize it in accordance with his interests and needs.

If precipitation is not expected, then watering should be prescribed a little more often, the soil should not dry out, but it should not become waterlogged either. Otherwise, in the event of drought and waterlogging, the root system will suffer, which means that the entire planting will be in danger of death.

Dyber black cherry has a not very high level of frost resistance, although there is a tree growing in favorable conditions for itself, then in this case it will be possible to achieve excellent results, and the planting will not freeze in extreme conditions. Moreover, usually frost resistance decreases not entirely in the entire tree, but in flower buds, which are directly responsible for the future formation of the crop and its abundance.

If the winter time turned out to be frosty, and if return frosts occurred in the spring, then this can just lead to the fact that the flower buds freeze and, therefore, the harvest will be lost (or all of it, or some significant part of it).

This variety is practically sterile, and without a pollinating plant, the cherry will not be able to bear fruit, or some of the fruits will set, but the harvest will be completely meager and not at all plentiful.

Pollinators for cherries can be varieties such as Rechitsa or Poetry, which have identical flowering times, which means that pollination will occur at the most suitable moment.

Bloom Cherry varieties Dayber black begins in mid-May, and already in the second half of July, the gardener will be able to enjoy the first harvest of juicy and very tasty fruits. But it should be borne in mind that ripening is non-simultaneous and uneven, which means that the harvest will have to be harvested not in one, but in several approaches at once within ten days.

Fruiting begins about the fourth year after the planting was sent to the open ground. At first, the harvest cannot be called plentiful - on average, a gardener collects about ten kilograms of fruits from one tree, no more, but over the years, the yield increases, just as the taste of the fruit increases. As a result, when the tree reaches the peak of its growth and development, more than twenty kilograms of cherries can be harvested from it.

Of course, in many respects fruiting, its level and quality will mainly depend on how much effort and time the gardener has spent on complying with agrotechnical requirements and caring nuances. But we'll talk about this a little later in this article.

Dyber black cherry belongs to the table variety, and also the fruits have a universal purpose. As a rule, after picking up the berries, they are great for fresh consumption, since they have excellent taste characteristics, and the pulp contains a large amount of various vitamins and trace elements, which can have an excellent effect on the general condition and health of the person who will use them. for food.

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

If the gardener has decided to carry out a longer storage fruits, it is recommended to send them to freezing, and also to use them for making drinks, preserves, juices and wine, jams and sauces, marmalade and sweets. In each dish, cherries will perfectly reveal their taste characteristics and, most importantly, they go well with other berries and fruits, emphasizing the taste with their uniqueness.

Also, Dyber black cherry can be used for the preparation of liqueurs and tinctures, which have a positive effect on human health, immunity and metabolism. So cherries are really worthy of attention from gardeners precisely due to their many positive features and traits.

Dyber black cherry is quite resistant to moniliosis and coccomycosis - perhaps the most dangerous fungal diseases which can infect cherry and cherry crops. But still, the gardener must provide additional support to the plantings so that they do not definitely get infected with dangerous infections.

The same can be said for pests who periodically attack the plantings - if the gardener monitors them and provides the necessary support, then as a result you can get an excellent planting that will grow well even in not the most favorable conditions. In general, it is possible to carry out various preventive treatments of the plantings to make it easier to regulate their general condition and to ensure that the pests do not even begin to spread over the plantings.

Dyber black cherry. Advantages and disadvantages of the variety

The Dyber black cherry variety has both its advantages and some disadvantages, which are worth mentioning.

For example, if we talk about pluses Dyber black cherry varieties, then these are:

• Mostly an excellent level of yield (it becomes more and more abundant every year, and the quality of the fruits also improves);
• Annual fruiting, which does not depend on external manifestations and factors;
• The early maturity of the variety, so that already in the middle of summer the gardener can enjoy wonderful and tasty cherry fruits from his own personal plot;
• Delicious and very juicy fruits that have a universal purpose. In general, sweet cherries can be consumed fresh immediately after harvest, or they can be used in the form of preserves and jams, drinks, sauces, wine, juices and compotes, preparations for the winter.

But there is also limitations, which is also worth mentioning - first of all, it is the self-infertility of the variety. This means that before planting a tree, you should also take care of the selection of pollinating varieties that will have the same flowering time. Then the yield will be even better and more abundant.

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

Of course, experience shows that some part of the fruit can be set without pollinators, but it will make up no more than 20 percent of the total harvest. So, nevertheless, for the sake of the future harvest, you should take care of organizing and caring for pollinators.

The species belongs to early or mid-early, but it is difficult to say unequivocally which group this variety belongs to, because much will also depend on the climatic conditions in which this variety will grow.

It is quite possible that if a gardener plant a tree in the south, then fruiting will begin earlier than all the indicated dates. If this is a northern planting, then it may not be so accelerated, and in general in the north many trees grow and develop much slower than usually expected.

Also, a lot will depend on how the gardener himself relates to planting, whether he can sufficiently provide such care to the plants that they will feel as comfortable and ideal as possible. Of course, there are a lot of questions on this subject and not so many answers.

But then we will talk about the main points that are directly related to planting cherries, and also dwell in more detail on what should be done to protect the planting from pests and diseases.

Planting and subsequent care of black Dyber cherries

To get a decent result from planting Diber black cherries, it is very important to know some of the features and subtleties of this process. Only if the gardener takes into account all possible subtleties and nuances, he will be able to achieve a decent and excellent harvest. It is important to rely on the characteristics of the variety, on its needs in agrotechnical aspects - watering, dressing, pruning, harvesting period.

There are also some factors that are quite standard for all cherry varieties, but in no case should they be ignored, because the result is very important.

Dyber black cherry - this planting is quite winter-hardy, but at the same time there are a number of circumstances that can affect this indicator. The variety can withstand sudden temperature changes, frosts, but at the same time, it still takes care of establishing a very strong and reliable shelter for the winter.

If we talk about the factors that play a significant role in the winter hardiness of plantings, then mainly these are:

• Application of dressings - both root and foliar;
• Preparatory measures before the onset of the winter period;
• The location of the garden plot and directly the place where the cherry tree itself will grow;
• Terrain relief - at higher elevations, planting will feel much better, but it is worth making sure that the tree is protected from sudden gusts of wind and drafts.

Of course, planting any crop begins with the gardener's choice. planting materials. It is recommended to purchase seedlings in specialized nurseries, as there specialists will help you choose high-quality and viable materials.

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

Pollinators for black Dyber cherries

In order for the plant to grow and develop normally, as well as to give more high-quality fruits, several should be planted nearby pollinating varieties for black Dyber cherries... Such varieties as Rival and Zhivitsa, Narodnaya and Zhurba are ideal for this role, Iput and Hotel. Of course, planting pollinating varieties suggests that the gardener will need more time to take care of the plantings, but, at the same time, there is a high probability of getting a very plentiful and tasty harvest.

It is best to choose seedlings that have reached the age of two. The length of the root system should be at least 20-25 centimeters, since this length is already suitable for planting in open ground, and at the same time the plant will feel as comfortable as possible. In general, the roots should be healthy, they should not have visible mechanical or putrefactive damage, and the height of the seedlings should be about one meter, no less.

In principle, you should always focus on the external characteristics of the planting material and on how the planting feels, so that the cherry will successfully take root in the future, adapt and show its full maximum growth and development. If the gardener notices any deformation or damage, then it is best for him to abandon the idea of ​​planting this planting in his area, and opt for a healthier and stronger seedling.

Before planting a seedling in open ground, it is recommended to keep it in a solution for several hours, which consists of water and a growth stimulator - Kornevin. Then the root system will be saturated with water and it will be easier to germinate after it is in the open field.

There is a certain seedling planting algorithm in open ground, observing which even less experienced gardeners will be able to cope with this procedure and get excellent results:

• Planting should start with the fact that the gardener prepares in advance a suitable site for planting seedlings.
• The soil is also preliminarily prepared - it should be fertile, saturated with mineral and organic substances, it should not be too acidic and heavy. In order to lower the acidity, the gardener can add either ash or lime to the soil. You can also use dolomite flour for the same purposes, which also normalizes the acidity of the soil and slightly saturates it with the necessary components to make it easier for the seedling to adapt to new conditions. The soil is fed with superphosphate, humus and sulfuric potassium.You can also add a small amount of wood ash, which also has an excellent effect on the general condition of the soil and on future planting material. In general, at the initial stage, you should be very careful about fertilizing, since after that, for two years it will be possible not to add them to the soil at all.
• The pit must be prepared in advance - its size is 70x70 centimeters. The depth should also be at least half a meter, but in general, the size of the pit should be guided by the size of the planting materials, because the seedling needs to feel comfortable in the pit, there should not be a small or very cramped space.
• In the very center of the pit, it is worth filling a little fertile soil, into which sulfur potassium and superphosphate are added in advance, which have an excellent effect on the immunity of the planting material and allow it to take root as soon as possible. A small mound is formed on which the seedling itself is located.
• It is recommended that not one, but two gardeners take part in planting, so that one holds the seedling from above, while the second will straighten the root system and gradually pour soil onto it so that no air pockets form. The roots should be carefully and neatly straightened, they should not intertwine with each other, because this can negatively affect the general state of the planting, its health, longevity, increased growth and development.
• The pit is filled with water (it must be settled beforehand, at room temperature). In no case should you use running cold water, as it can cause a shock reaction from the seedling. The root collar is gradually closed, leaving it at the level of the soil, slightly open.
• The soil should be compacted slightly, as air pockets should not be allowed to form - pathogenic bacteria can begin to develop in them.
• Around the seedling, it is worth pouring a mulching layer, which consists of peat or dry grass. Mulch performs several main functions: thanks to it, the trunk circle will be protected from attacks from pests, moisture will evaporate more slowly, and all the necessary heat will leave the soil even more slowly. So it's not worth saving your time on filling mulch. Thanks to it, weeds or third-party grasses will also not grow, which means that the trunk space will be clean and tidy.

If this is not a single, but a group planting of cherry trees, then the distance between them should be at least three meters, and about four meters should be left between the rows. Then the cherries will not interfere with each other to grow and develop correctly, they will not shade each other, and it will be much easier for the gardener himself to take care of the plantings, since he will have a place to take care of and to harvest.

In order to get the maximum yield from a cherry tree, pollinators should be planted nearby. Pollination will occur due to gusts of wind and pollinating insects. In this case, the gardener will have more responsibilities for caring for the plantings, but the harvest will not be long in coming.

Pollinator caring is usually an identical agricultural procedure, so that the gardener as a whole may not worry too much and combine caring activities.

What care does Dyber black cherry require after planting

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

Of course, after planting, it is worth observing the follow-up care, because the well-being of the planting, its normal development and indicators of growth, fruiting and vital activity in general, will largely depend on it.

Dyber black cherry needs a gardener to provide it with enough moisture. Especially during flowering. Also, agricultural technology includes fertilizing, pruning the crown, digging the soil.Dyber black cherry itself can make the gardener understand that it needs additional watering and caring activities - for example, the soil around will actively dry out and crack, which just means that watering should be carried out in the very near future.

But it is better not to bring it to this, since due to the drying out of the soil, the entire planting will suffer, and some shortcomings will begin that are directly related to fruiting.

When the Daiber black cherry is just planted in open ground, it needs nitrogen-containing components and dressing, since nitrogen takes a direct and active part in the growth and development of the shoot part of the plant. For this, urea is added to the soil.

If the tree is already mature, then complex mineral fertilizers and fertilizers with a large amount of microelements can be applied. Mineral dressing should be combined with organic matter, and the main characters here are humus or compost, which the gardener can harvest on his own.

Also, a small amount of ash must be added to the soil, since it contains potassium. And even earlier, we pointed out that thanks to ash, it is possible to regulate the acidity level, which means that planting will feel comfortable in soil with not the highest manifestation of an acidic background.

This is a recommendation in agricultural technology of absolutely any cherry variety, which must be followed in order to obtain an excellent and abundant, high-quality and regular harvest.

There is one more piece of advice from experienced gardeners. It consists in the fact that crown necessary without fail shape. This is necessary not only to maintain the health of the planting, but also to give it a neat and decorative appearance.

Another advantage of sweet cherry is that it reacts absolutely normally to formation, and that it can recover on its own after this procedure.

Pruning - this is another necessary condition and measure in the framework of agricultural technology and planting care. After the winter period ends, the gardener is obliged to remove all branches that are frozen or damaged, weakened after such a harsh period - this type of pruning is called sanitary. The cut sites are processed with copper sulfate, and then they are lubricated with garden varnish so that infection does not get into these vulnerable areas and infections do not begin.

For the winter planting can, in principle, not be covered, as cherries calmly endure this period. But the trunk is best protected, first of all from pests and rodents, which are not at all opposed to eating bark. Young seedlings are also covered for the winter. Around November, it is worth mulching the roots to protect them from pests and from severe soil freezing.

The trunk is covered with materials such as lutrasil, sponband, or you can simply use spruce branches that will allow enough oxygen to pass through, and at the same time can also reliably protect young seedlings from adverse manifestations from the outside.

Diseases and pests of Dyber black cherry

Dyber black cherry: photo of the variety

Of course, I would like to devote a separate part of the article to what diseases and pests can be dangerous for planting, and what methods exist to combat and prevent these diseases and harmful attacks.

It is very important to comply with all the conditions and rules, since this increases the chances not only of saving the plant, but also of strengthening its immune system, strengthening stress resistance in very unstable conditions and conditions. Next, we will describe some of the dangerous manifestations, so that it would be easier for any gardener, especially a beginner, to identify them and start a timely fight.

Hole spot - it is manifested in the fact that foreign spots are gradually formed on the leaves, painted in a brown or reddish-brick shade. Then holes appear in place of the spots.The shoots begin to crack, gum seeps out of them, which also suggests that some negative changes are taking place with the planting, and measures must be taken immediately to combat the hole spot.

Usually all diseased shoots are immediately cut from the tree and burned outside the infield. The near-trunk circle is carefully dug, it, the trunk and the tree must be sprayed entirely with a 3% Bordeaux mixture solution. If necessary, this procedure can be repeated, but it is worth focusing on the general state of the planting.

Moniliosis (in other words, this disease is called gray rot) - usually the disease is formed when the air humidity is very high, because it is this microclimate that is considered very favorable for the development of various fungal diseases. Spots also begin to form on the leaves, which gradually affect the fruits themselves.

To get rid of moniliosis, it is necessary to cut off all damaged branches with the capture of healthy parts that may have already been infected, but the infection has not yet manifested itself. The tree should be sprayed with special preparations belonging to the fungicidal group - these are Azocene, Topsin, Horus, which are sold in specialized stores for gardeners, as well as in nurseries where the seedlings themselves are purchased.

From pests very dangerous so-called cherry slimy sawfly - these are pests in the form of larvae, which in their external characteristics more resemble typical slugs. They actively feed on leaves, leaving bare skeletons in their place.

In order to carry out preventive wood treatment, you can use such a method as a thorough digging of the trunk circle. But the larva, if they have already appeared, can be destroyed if the plant is sprayed with drugs such as Aktara and Confidor. Experienced gardeners say that folk remedies are no less effective in this case - for example, a tincture based on chamomile or ash, which is on any site.

Cherry weevil (trubovert) Is a beetle that has a very long proboscis. Basically, he survives the winter in the soil, but in the spring he moves to the tree, begins to gnaw through the branches and leaves, then moves to the formed fruits. As a result, Diber's black cherry is almost massively crumbled, which means that the entire harvest is lost as well.

To get rid of the cherry weevil, it is worth digging up the soil with the onset of autumn, setting traps. You can also treat the planting and soil with Inta-vir or Fufanon, which are considered inexpensive and, at the same time, very effective drugs in the fight against garden pests.

There is also such a pest as black aphid... These are small, small bugs that mainly settle on the lower part of the leaves, causing them to deform, dry out and massively shatter. In order to strike at the aphids, it is necessary to destroy all ants in the area. You can also use some folk recipes.

For example, aphids react very negatively to pungent odors, which means, ideally, it is worth treating plantings with the help of tinctures on garlic or tobacco, ammonia. You can also dust the trees with tobacco dust. But if we talk about professional tools, then this is a drug called Fitoverm, which can be purchased at any gardening store or in nurseries where the seedlings themselves are sold.

Conclusion

If you follow all the conditions, you can achieve a very worthy and significant result. The main thing is in no case to forget that the health of the planting and its well-being will largely depend on the gardener. If you take all the necessary measures, then in the future it will be possible to achieve an effective result.

Universal fruits are great for fresh consumption, and are also great for using them for further processing, making drinks, juices and compotes, wine, preserves and jams, sauces.

Also, Dyber black cherry is excellently suitable for freezing it for the winter, since it also retains some of its useful and taste properties and aroma when frozen. In principle, the adaptation of the fruit depends on the gardener himself, but as a result, the crop is really incredibly tasty and healthy.

It especially pleases those gardeners who really tried their best and did everything possible to get excellent results. Most importantly, even less experienced gardeners cope with these requirements and conditions without any special problems, and get an equally excellent result.