Diseases of tomatoes and their pests

Anyone who decides to grow tomatoes sooner or later faces such a problem as tomato diseases. A whole range of diseases and pests can destroy tomatoes, from seedlings to fruits. To preserve your future harvest, you should be aware of these problems in advance and take measures to prevent them.

Diseases of tomatoes and how to treat them

Diseases of tomatoes description

1) CHLORATIC CURRY OF LEAVES is a consequence of soil contamination with a tobacco mosaic virus or tobacco necrosis, while the plant stops growing, the disease manifests itself in the form of light green or yellow curly leaves on the top of the plant. To prevent further spread of the disease of tomatoes and seedlings, diseased bushes should be removed and the soil disinfected.

2) GRAY ROT - a fungal disease that begins from the stem (as a result of breaking leaves or tying to props), weeping spots of gray, brown, brown appear in places where the plant is damaged. Most often, the disease begins during cool rainy weather. As a preventive measure, a garlic solution is recommended in the ratio of 30 g of garlic to 10 liters of water for spraying the places of leaf breakage and stem damage. You can also use plant protection chemicals such as Bayleton, Euparen, Multi. Use the preparations according to the instructions.

3) SEPTORIOSIS begins with leaves that are close to the ground. This fungal disease is a consequence of high humidity, light spots form on the leaves, eventually acquiring a brown color and black spots in the middle. Infected leaves must be removed completely. As a preventive measure, drugs are recommended: Horus, Tsinab. Use according to the attached instructions.

4) ROOT ROT is a disease that can be prevented even when growing seedlings by disinfecting the soil, you also do not need to water the tomatoes unnecessarily, loosen them in a timely manner.

5) TOMATO STEM NECROSIS is formed on a fruiting bush, cracks form on the stem, in which air roots appear, the plant will die in any case. The infected plant must be removed and burned. Infected seeds are the cause of the disease. Purchase seeds from trusted suppliers. It is recommended to treat the earth with Fitolavin-300.

6) BACTERIAL WILT is an incurable disease, at the first sign of infected plants must be destroyed by burning. A void is formed in the stem, in a brown section. The disease develops rapidly, overnight it can destroy the entire crop. It is recommended to treat not diseased plants with 200 ml of Fitolavin preparation, for each bush.

7) FOMOS, the second name is BROWN ROT. The fetus is affected at any maturity. A brown spot forms at the stalk. The pulp is rotten in the context. Fresh manure contributes to the emergence. When growing a tomato, it is recommended to use humus. It is necessary to treat the plant with Fundazole. Treat the soil with copper sulfate.

8) MOSAIC appears as spots of green or yellow. The plant dies completely. The dead bush is burned. Infected seeds are the cause of the disease. Therefore, before planting, they must be treated with a fungicide. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to treat it with a milk solution (1 liter of milk + 10 liters of water, with the addition of 1 tsp urea, three times a month).

9) ALTERNARIOSIS or MACROSPORIOSIS - a fungal disease that forms spots in the shape of a circle on the underside of the leaf. Then it goes to the fetus. At the base there are brown spots.The reason for the appearance is high humidity. For prophylaxis, spray with an antifungal drug. After maturation, apply biological products.

10) PHYTOFLUOROSIS is one of the common diseases that develops in greenhouses and in the ground. The reason is a change in temperature and high humidity. Signs - blackening of the leaves and white bloom. On fruits, spots are brown. Destroy the bush completely. If prevention is timely, the disease will not harm. Treat the bushes with milk whey every 7 days. From chemistry - Fitosporin.

11) BROWN (OLIVE) SPOT. CLADOSPORIOSIS... Disease of fungal origin, prevails in greenhouses. It infects the leaf first, covering it with yellow spots. Spores of the fungus form on the lower part. Development takes place at the stage of flowering and fruiting. If the temperature is elevated, the infection spreads faster. The fruits are practically not damaged. Irrigation with cold water and a sharp drop in temperature serve as a provocation for the disease. Help in the fight: Barrier, Bordeaux mixture.

12) BLACK LEG is again fungal, affects the root system, the stem at the root turns black, weakens and dies, almost 6-7 days after infection. Mostly gloats in greenhouses when the conditions of care are violated (poor ventilation, the land has not changed, too abundant watering). Fight should be loosening, treatment with potassium permanganate (10 l of water + 5 g of substance).

13) TOP ROT. It is characterized by watery spots of a dark green hue. After that, they still darken and cover the entire fruit. Sometimes it is possible to detect the disease only by cutting the fetus. Lack of water and heat is the cause of the disease. Watering is one of the main forms of treatment during adulthood. Spray with calcium chloride, 1%. An excess of nitrogen fertilizers leads to the disease.

14) CRACKING OF FRUITS occurs with improper watering (excess moisture), as well as a large amount of nitrogen in the ground.

15) YELLOW OR GREEN SPOT AT THE BABY. Occurs as a result of high temperatures. The action of heat changes the red color of the tomato (burnout), and carotene is formed. This process is not a disease and is eliminated by shading.

16) SILVER SPOTS ON LEAVES sometimes frighten gardeners. It's just an anomaly, not a disease. Fluctuating temperatures day and night lead to staining. The creation of hybrids also aids in the process.

17) OEDEMA is also not a disease. Simple swelling of leaves due to improper watering. Bulging spots that look like mildew. The cause is the difference between soil and air temperatures. Ventilation and good, but not direct lighting will help in solving this problem.

18) PHYTOTOXICITY OF SOIL occurs as a result of improper feeding, fertilization. It seems that they should be useful, but in fact they harm. It manifests itself in different ways: a change in the color of the leaves, subsequent drying.

19) SPIRLED OR CURRENCY. Occurs as a result of the conditions created by the culture. Watering was carried out not according to the rules, herbicides got on the leaves, it is possible that the stimulant was used incorrectly. If you find a problem, remove the leaves immediately. Loosening is necessary if the soil is waterlogged.

20) MILLY DEW. Its appearance suggests that the crop is on the verge of complete destruction in a short time. White bloom affects the trunk and leaves. The disease is mainly greenhouse. Low temperature and drought contribute to the development. Urgently treat tomatoes with fungicides, strictly according to the instructions.

21) STRIK appears as wide, dying stripes throughout the bush. The fruits are covered with spots of various sizes. A very progressive disease leads to the death of the bush. Spraying with boric acid before planting in open ground will serve as a prophylaxis. An already infected bush cannot be cured, but choosing healthy seeds and avoiding changes in air temperature will help to minimize the development of the disease.

22) BLACK POINTS can be a big threat to the crop. The sign is poor plant development, the fruits are covered with black spots. Occurs due to infected seeds. It is always better to process seeds before sowing, and disinfect the soil, because this disease can live in the soil for several years.

The above types of diseases are the most common diseases of tomatoes and seedlings. Some simply mimic the disease, frightening inexperienced gardeners. But the wrong approach to solving the problem can lead to the loss of the entire crop.

Why do tomatoes get sick? The feeding was not carried out correctly, the oversaturation of nutrients is reflected adversely. It is better to underfeed than to overdo it. At the same time, the trunk thickens, the leaves curl, many unnecessary processes appear. The fetus does not develop normally. Good ventilation and abundant watering contribute to normal growth.

24) LEAVE TURNING is a common concern for tomato growers. What is the reason? The root system is broken due to lack of space. Hypothermia, temperature drop. Excess moisture or lack thereof. Lack of nutrients.

25) FUSARIOUS WILT. The disease is from fungal, first the root gets sick, after the stem. If you do not react in time, moisture does not move through the plant, the process of wilting begins. The fruits are underdeveloped.

Pests of tomatoes and a description of the fight against them

Photos of tomato diseases

The crop is spoiled not only by diseases, but also by pests, completely damaging the plant:
— whitefly, greenhouse pest, black bloom forms on the leaves due to the suction of juice. The sticky film does not allow the plant to breathe and it dies. The main harm is from the larvae. In the fight, washing the leaves with soapy water, an infusion of dandelion roots and leaves, and garlic infusion will help.
— thrips feed on inflorescences, clogging the tops of plants, spoil the ovaries of fruits. It is quite simple to detect by the characteristic spots of a light color. The damage is massive. It is very difficult to get rid of it.
— garden scoop-butterfly, lays the larvae on the inside of the leaf. A large availability will lead to the destruction of seedlings. Clearing weeds and cutting diseased leaves will help in the fight.
— aphid - small pest, feeds on leaf juice. With a large accumulation, the bush dies. To combat, treat with insecticides.
— wireworm hurts in the ground, spoils the roots. If damaged, the bush dries up.
— bear Is the main threat to culture in the land. Gluttonous, dangerous larvae and an adult. A high humus content leads to the appearance.

Diseases of tomatoes description with photos

Diseases of tomatoes description with photos