Apple-tree Rossosh

In everyday life, we do not have time to think about the elementary and simple. Take apple trees, for example. It seems as if they have been growing for many centuries. And indeed it is. Ancient Egyptian philosophers admired this tree. Until now, we are given a diva from the stories about the Babylonian Hanging Gardens of Babylon. To this day, they are considered one of the wonders of the world. Greek philosopher Theophrastus, Roman agronomist and writer Cato also did not remain indifferent to the apple. The apple tree and apples attracted attention and were present in legends. For example, the tree of knowledge of good and evil; the source of life and temptation; the apple unleashed wars - an apple of discord. In Russian territories they knew about the apple even before 1051. It is already mentioned in the annals of those years as a cultivated variety. Gardens with apple trees delighted foreign people. They looked at the apples when they drove up to the Novgorod, Pskov and Moscow lands. The varieties "Antonovka", "Aport", "White filling" have been grown for tens and hundreds of years. And today the topic that we will touch on is the Rossoshanskoye apple tree.

Apple-tree Rossoshanskoe striped: characteristics of the variety

The variety is winter. The parents of the variety are “Kronsel'skoe transparent” and “Apport red”. Bred the variety Ulyanishchev M.M. at the Rossoshansk fruit and berry station, hence the name.

A brief historical sketch about the author of the variety

He began to work at the school site. The nursery, which is popular in our time, was founded on the backyard territory. Works: bred 19 apple varieties (three zoned), 10 apricot varieties, cherries, plums, grapes, roses; engaged in scientific activities, received state awards.

Description of the variety Yablonossoshanskoe

• The crown is in the shape of a ball, or in the shape of an oval, when the tree is young.
• Branches become drooping with age due to the large load of apples.
• The bark is greenish brown. You just won't be able to go through and not look at the main branches.
• Fruiting on ringlets, spears and twigs of two-year or four-year-old branches and at the ends of the growths of the last year.
• The leaves are rounded, large, wrinkled, painted in a dark green color.
• The flowers are medium in size, painted white.
• The apples are greenish-yellow in color, in the form of a rounded cone. There are stripes of red color and minor specks. On the sunny side, the apple is almost completely covered with blush.
• Big fruits. The mass of the largest fruit is 340 g. The average weight is 160-180 g.
• The inner content is sweet, juicy, fine-grained, light green in color. There is a slight wine flavor. The peel is smooth, slightly matte.

Apple variety Rossoshanskoe: characteristic varietal features

Large and tasty fruits have excellent commercial qualities. High yield rate. Can be grown in most areas. The variety has an unstable immunity to scab.

Not all apple trees are planted in the royal garden in England. And the variety we are considering grows there and bears fruit. And they speak well of the apple tree.

Medium tall tree. The shoots are elongated, slightly bent, colored light brown. The apple tree is on a clonal dwarf rootstock, therefore its growth is reduced to 3 m. And it begins to bear fruit in 2-3 years.

The apple tree produces a harvest every year. Over the years, there is some periodicity in fruiting. But this is if you take care of it badly and water it out of time.

Harvest from one tree - 150 kg. And this is just the beginning. Mature trees can give 210-250 c / ha.

Assessment by tasters. Contains 9.8-11.9% sugars, ascorbic acid, pectin. Fruits may differ in taste, because some grow under sunlight, others may lack it.

High resistance to the winter season. Freezing will not occur if you properly care for and prepare for the winter period. Also, the apple tree can show amazing properties. On May 7, 1999, during the flowering of apple trees, all flowers were damaged due to frosts down to -6 degrees. Seven drops in temperature to -2 degrees between May 2-20, 2000 damaged a small number of flowers. Therefore, the harvest was practically not affected.

Disease immunity. Good resistance to most diseases, but the immune defense is weak against scab, especially during the rainy season. If preventive measures have not been taken, then the risk of infection increases.

Apple-tree Rossoshanskoe: reviews of gardeners

Nikolay:

“I have never heard of Voronezh apples. More precisely, about the varietal varieties bred at the Rossoshansk Experimental Station. I was advised to plant the Rossoshanskoe striped variety. After all, I wanted to have an apple tree on my site, like the Queen of England. Thanks to my friends for this. Now my loved ones are surprised by these fruits. The taste is excellent. The fruits are large. Maintaining the tree is as simple as most apple trees. But in the rain, he treated the apple tree with fungicides containing copper to avoid scab. It is good to carry out prevention early in spring, there is an effect ”.

Anna:

“Nice apples, they taste good. They are popular in my region. Still, the birthplace of the variety. I am completely satisfied with the fact that the fruits are stored for a long time. And the taste is only getting better, as it actually happens with winter apple trees. I store it in a cellar, temperature conditions are changeable, but this is not a hindrance to the fruit. To dry, I use fluff lime. She perfectly picks up excess water. I learned about the variety of Rossoshan apples, which have been preserved for more than a year. I didn’t understand why we need it, but it interested me. ”

Alexei:

“This variety is available in my Belgorod region from most gardeners. This is already an old-fashioned variety, tested over the years and experience. But only you need to process diseases in a timely manner, especially to combat scab. The tolerance of the winter season is good, provided that the tree is prepared for the cold weather. On an industrial scale, in my opinion, they do not grow, at least I have not heard of it. You don't often see these apples on the market either. But they should be there, definitely. After all, they are big and tasty. "

George:

“My family prefers the Rossoshanskoye striped apple variety, because the fruits are tasty and large. New Year is always met with us. The guests are even surprised. It is well cultivated in our area. You just need to take a little care to avoid illness. I process the apple tree in the spring and autumn, especially to prevent scab. I carry out the treatments with copper sulfate and Bordeaux liquid. I also want the Rossoshanskoye Crimson variety. I found out that the variety is also not bad. But not always in the nursery. They say you can place an order right at the station. "

How to properly plant and care for a tree

A company from Saratov has been selling seedlings for 2 years for 250 rubles. The seedling has a closed root system. It is planted from April to September.

In the spring season, the soil should be warmed up. It is in the Voronezh region that this falls on April 15-30.

In the autumn season, the seedling must adapt. You need to plant it 15-20 days before the onset of frost, after leaf fall.

You can cultivate the apple tree singly, you can in groups. The optimum spacing between seedlings is 3-3.5 m.

The planting area should be well lit.Apple trees like the sun. Then the blush will appear on the fruits, and the aroma will be pleasant. Landing is prohibited in areas where underground waters lie high to the surface.

If the water is still high, then you need to pick up a variety on a dwarf rootstock. Because the roots of these plants are located higher than on ordinary seedlings. You can also plant on mounds, equip a drainage system.

The optimal types of soil for planting are loamy and sandy loam.

The planting pit must be prepared in advance. Dimensions: depth - 0.6-0.8 m, width - 1-1.2 m. The soil and the size of the root system will make their own adjustments to the size of the pit. The planting pit should be fertilized with minerals and organic matter. Sand and peat may be required. If the soil is sandy, then clay will be needed.

Make the right choice of a seedling. It is better to take a seedling 2 years old, as it will take root better and begin to bear fruit earlier. The root system must be branched and intact. If planting fails immediately, then it is necessary to moisten and dig in the root system. In the case of long-term transportation, do the same.

Planting a plant is not difficult. There are subtleties: you need to install a peg and tie a plant to it, the root collar should rise 4-6 cm above the soil surface.

Agrotechnical techniques that the Rossoshskoye apple tree requires

With proper care, the seedling will take root. And a healthy tree will form, bearing a large number of fruits.

Procedures:

• loosening and mulching the soil;
• watering on time;
• feeding, this will provide the tree with the necessary nutrients;
• carrying out preventive measures to prevent diseases and to combat harmful insects.

Do not buy insecticides and fungicides from the market. It is better to buy them in proven specialty stores, albeit more expensive, but it will pay off for you.

The procedure for cutting and shaping the crown

Circumcision is always done. In the spring, before the buds bloom. It is imperative to remove dried and damaged branches, as well as crowns growing inward.

The procedure will provide the formed and necessary form. Plus, the yield will increase.

Of the large number of forms, it is worth paying attention to the sparse-tiered view. But it can be spindle-shaped and artificial - palmettes, cordons.

Pollination

Choose a planting site near apple trees of the same ripeness period. Or plant several apple trees of the same variety.

Ripening and fruiting

The apple tree begins to bear fruit from the fourth year. Perhaps even from the third, if you plant a two-year-old seedling. And also after 2 years you can see the fruits, provided that they are planted on a dwarf rootstock.

For the 5th year of life, the tree will give a large harvest. This figure will exceed the yield of a 5-year-old apple-tree variety "Antonovka".

The fruits can be given for sale, since there are many of them, and they have excellent commercial qualities. Naturally, everything will work out if you treat the plants against scab.

Early-medium flowering. Harvesting takes place from the 15th of September. But the fruits are not immediately eaten, they must lie down to be filled with taste.

Variety of medium late or late ripeness. According to the parameter of technical ripeness - early winter.

Apples are stored from the last September days to February. Or 150 days if you create good storage conditions.

Varieties of varieties

Apple-tree Rossoshskoe has several varieties:

"Avgustovskoe", early autumn

Brought it out of the "Bellefleur-Kitaika" variety. Our variety of early cultivation (in the Voronezh region).

Winter hardiness at a high level.

The variety was included in the state register in 1986. Recommended for cultivation in the Central Black Earth Region and the North Caucasus.

The tree is of medium height.

Fruit picking is carried out after August 19 (Apple Spas).

The apples are stored for only two months. Can be eaten fresh, can be processed into juice, jam, compote. You can also dry it in the sun.

The apples are in the shape of a rounded cone, with a red blush covering almost the entire surface of the apple. The main coloration is greenish-yellow. Weight - 90-150 g.

One tree can give 80 kg of fruit. This is almost 250 c / ha.

"April"

The variety was awarded a gold medal at the German exhibition in Erfurt. Of the spring, only the name. In the spring season, the fruits that have been stored in the winter are eaten. The variety is winter. Parents: Mekintosh, Renet Simirenko.

Ripening in September days, apples are stored until May. Fruit weight - 150 g.

"Spring"

Winter variety. Parents: Mekintosh, Renet Simirenko. Ripening in September days, apples are stored until May. Fruit weight - 150 g.

"Winter"

Cultivation of winter varieties - this was the main idea of ​​the author of the variety and his wards. The variety was to be mainly grown around the station in several regions. And so the variety turned out.

Apple-tree Rossoshskoe "Lezhkoe"

Little known variety. But maybe someone heard. In the cellar, the fruits are stored for almost a couple of years, without any special conditions, plus everything, all the properties are preserved.

Apple-tree Rossoshanskoe "Crimson"

Parents: Welsey and Renet Simirenko. An early winter variety. The variety is little known.

Apples weigh 250 g, they are record holders. Average weight - 150-160 g. Sugar content - 11.7%. Tasting score - 4.5-4.7 pts. The yield index and resistance to the winter season are good.

Why is the variety little known? Since the variety begins to bear fruit at 6-7 years, and the fruits are not stored for so long.

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"Golden"

The apple has a pinkish blush. The main color is light yellow. The fruit is large. But, in fact, it is a cherry. Voronchikhina A. Ya. Took her out.

"Delicious"

Another name is "Amazing". It has been listed in the state register since 1974. The apples are oblong, medium-sized. No glossy finish. Weight - 90-130 g. Ripening is not always successful, therefore it is advised to plant it further south.

Fruits are harvested in the last days of September or in the first days of October. How the weather conditions will permit. Storage can continue until the first month of spring. But it is better to eat it already on cozy February evenings, as apples are tastier and juicier.

Scab immunity is good.

Apple-tree Rossosh. Regional cultivation

The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Central Black Earth Region and in the Lower Volga Region: in the Astrakhan, Belgorod, Volgograd, Voronezh, Saratov regions.

You can also find this variety in the Ural territory and in Siberia.

But still, the variety shows all its features in an amicable way where it is bred.

Summary

The Rossoshan fruit and berry experimental station appeared in the late 1930s. 20th century. Not only apple trees are bred there. The achievements of the scientists of the station were recognized and achieved great success. The area of ​​the station now practically occupies 30 hectares, it is no longer a private territory.

Overseas personalities acquired the grade "Marble". In the garden of the Queen of England, there is an apple tree of the Rossoshanskoye variety. The experience of the station is being carefully studied by Chinese specialists. They became interested in cherries, cherries and plums. Domestic and Belarusian breeders are well aware of seedlings, including dwarfs and columnar ones.