Apple tree Orlovim

The Orlovim apple tree is the most common among the table varieties of apples. The perfect harmony between the pulp filled with a large amount of juice and a pronounced taste allows apples to be used in the manufacture of freshly squeezed juice and jam. Many summer residents cultivate this fruit crop in their suburban or personal plots. Thanks to such high levels of resistance to parasites and not capriciousness in agricultural technology, this apple variety is so much loved by gardeners.

How this variety of apples was created

The Orlovim apple tree was obtained more than thirty-six years ago. It was developed by combining such apple varieties as "ordinary Antonovka" and planting material of the "SR 0523" variety in 1977 at the All-Russian Research Institute, thanks to the work of a group of selection specialists E.N.Sedov, Z.M. Serova and V. V. Zhdanov. In 1999, the Orlovim apple variety was added to the state register for breeding achievements in the Central region of our country, immediately after passing state tests in the middle zone of our country in 1989.

The Orlovim apple variety today is not divided into any subspecies, however, a rather similar variety is known - "melba". The variety has noticeable differences such as a low level of resistance to cold and frost. And also this variety of apples needs careful farming.

Apple tree Orlovim: variety description and characteristics

Apple-tree Orlovim: photo of the variety

The Orlovim apple tree belongs to the group of late summer varieties. Fruit trees have an amazing level of resistance to cold and frost. They can withstand temperatures as low as minus thirty-five degrees Celsius. This apple variety also boasts a good level of resistance to some diseases, however, due to the presence of Vm, the health of the variety decreases over the years.

Fruit tree dimensions

Orlovim apple trees are of medium size. The dimensions of a tree at the age of no more than five hundred centimeters in height. Crown density is estimated as medium, crown shape is round. The infrequent main branches extend from the trunk at an angle of about ninety degrees. The stem bark, as well as on the main branches, has some peeling, the color is light brown. The branches of the Orlovim apple tree are brownish in color, rather thin, rounded and geniculate in cross-section, have hairs. The root system is not compact and has both vertical and horizontal directions. The root system lies at a depth of up to four hundred and fifty centimeters.

The foliage of the fruit tree is of ordinary size, elongated and slightly pointed. The top of the leaf plate is spiral. The leaf plate is not glossy, the color is green with a yellowish tint, voluminous, inclined to the soil. The petiolate part has villi of ordinary size. At the edges, the foliage is wavy with small crenate weeds. Fruit buds are elongated, there are villi on the surface.

Flowers are saucer-shaped. The petals are pale pinkish, completely closed and slightly raised. Sometimes the flowers have six petals. The buds are pinkish, most often of light colors.

Presentation of the crop

The harvest of the Orlovim apple variety has an average size, most often one fruit has a mass of about one hundred thirty to fifty grams, the color is light yellow with rich reddish dots and purple strokes.Apples have medium density, conical shape, there is a slight unevenness. The ribbing of apples is poorly expressed. The skin is rather thin, glossy, oily to the touch, does not have any irregularities. The points located under the skin are not pronounced. Funnel with a sharp conical shape, average depth, rust is not pronounced. The pulp is creamy, delicate in structure, small granularity, filled with a large amount of juice. The fruits have a harmonious sour and sweet taste at the same time, the smell is fresh, strongly pronounced.

Removable ripeness of the crop falls on the third week of the last summer month, consumer terms last until the end of the first autumn month.

Harvest content

Tasters rated the taste of fresh fruits of the Orlovim apple-tree variety at four and a half points on a five-point system, and experts assessed the presentation at four point and three tenths points on a five-point system.

Orlovim apples contain:

• sugar - ten point and two tenths.
• titratable acids - one percent.
• ascorbic acid - eight point and eight tenths of a milligram per hundred grams of raw product.
• P-active substances - three hundred milligrams per hundred grams of raw product.
• pectin substances - twelve percent.

Apple tree Orlovim: advantages and disadvantages

The Orlovim apple tree fell in love with summer residents for a large number of advantages, but, like all other varieties, it also has its drawbacks.

Advantages apple varieties Orlovim:

• high level of resistance to certain diseases.
• high level of resistance to cold and frost.
• accelerated time of the harvesting process.
• a large amount of harvest, about one hundred seventy - one hundred and ninety centners from each hectare.
• apple sizes vary through fruit rate setting procedures.
• stunning presentation of the crop.
• excellent taste.

Flaws apple varieties Orlovim:

• short-term maintenance of the plucked crop, up to about one and a half months.
• rather tall fruit trees, which complicates the agricultural practices and harvesting of fruits.
• over the years, the level of resistance to various diseases decreases.

Apple tree Orlovim: landing

Apple-tree Orlovim: photo of the variety

When planting planting material of the Orlovim apple tree variety, all attention must be focused on the selection of a site. The main thing is that the Orlovim apple tree has the required amount of sunlight, because this affects the amount of the crop and sugar in it.

The optimal timing for planting planting material is the autumn and spring seasons.

Orlovim apple trees do not tolerate liquid stagnation, which means that apple trees must be planted in place with groundwater at least two hundred centimeters, and if there is a threat of frequent flooding, fruit trees are planted in hilly areas or drainage is used.

For cultivation, sandy loam or loamy places, as well as leached chernozem, are suitable. The acidity of the soil is selected around 5.6-6.0 pH.

Required equipment for disembarkation

To plant the Orlovim apple tree variety, you need to have the minimum equipment of the summer resident:

• bayonet shovel.
• buckets.
• gardening scissors.
• garden hose.
• secateurs.

A bayonet shovel is used when extracting soil to create a planting hole, with pruning shears carefully pruning branches and root system of planting material broken during transportation. A garden hose and buckets are required to moisturize the apple tree.

Immediately before the start of planting a seedling, it is worth preparing the soil in advance. The soil in the planting hole should be supplemented with minerals. These constituents will allow the herb to adapt faster.

Soil preparation

For planting in the spring season, the soil mixture is prepared in sixty to ninety days, in the autumn season it is prepared in one hundred and eighty days.

A landing hole is made with dimensions of one hundred centimeters by fifty centimeters, a depth of about sixty to eighty centimeters. The upper and lower layers of soil must be transferred on different sides.

The bottom of the planting hole is loosened with a shovel, covered with dug soil, namely the top layer.

Prepare a potting soil mixture. All the soil, not counting the top layer, is mixed with mullein, humus or three buckets of compost, seven hundred grams of wood ash, one kilogram of fertilizing with mineral components, three hundred grams of slaked lime are used. Mix all components well and pour into the planting hole. Carefully laid earth mixture should be ten to twenty centimeters higher than the edges of the hole. This will save from the subsequent deepening of the root collar of the planting material during natural subsidence of the earth.

The main thing is to follow the optimal time for preparing the soil, because not rotted organic fertilizing can harm the herbaceous one. If there is no opportunity or time to prepare land for planting, it is possible to purchase a ready-made earthen kit in nurseries.

Planting planting material

First you need to buy an Orlovim apple tree sapling. Planting material is recommended to be purchased from reliable nurseries or specialty stores. External signs by which you can understand whether the seedling is healthy:

• the trunk is plastic.
• leaves are not withered.
• there is no mechanical damage to the root system, as well as branches.

Disembarkation instructions

1. Immediately before planting the planting material, it is worth taking a good look at the root system. The sections should be white. A dark brown color indicates that the plant is slowly dying or damaged. Such a root system must be pruned with a pruner or a sharp garden knife to a new layer.
2. In a pre-prepared landing hole, a recess is made with the width of the root system, and a depth of about fifty to seventy centimeters. If you want to make a group planting of apple trees, you should observe the optimal distance: three hundred centimeters between grassy and five hundred centimeters between rows.
3. At the bottom of the planting hole, a small mound is made of soil. The root system of the herbaceous is distributed on it.
4. The planting material is well covered with soil to the edges of the planting hole. The root collar should be five to seven centimeters above the soil. The top layer of the soil is compacted.
5. A small depression is made around the perimeter of the landing hole. This will prevent fluid loss. The first layer of soil is covered with a layer of peat or wood chips mulch.
6. The planting material is moistened with three containers of liquid.
7. To prevent curvature and damage, the planting material is tied to a placed peg. The stake is set in advance in the soil with a space of three to five centimeters from the trunk circle.

Are pollinating varieties necessary for the Orlovim apple tree?

This type of apple is self-fertile, which means that it is necessary to plant varieties on your territory that pollinate it, for example, "scarlet anise", "saffron pepin" or "Wesley". In the absence of fruit crops on the territory for the formation of normal ovaries, it is advised to use artificial pollination of the Orlovim apple tree. It is much better to carry out it by professional pollinators, and the use of pollen of various varieties of apples will greatly increase the amount of the crop and its quality.

Apple-tree Orlovim: leaving

To collect a large amount of harvest and large tasty apples, you should follow the instructions for agricultural technology for the fruit crop. All actions must be performed within a certain time frame.

Spring season:

• pruning.
• cleaning the trunk and parts near it.
• loosening the soil.
• the use of fertilizers.
• spraying.
• whitewash.

Summer season:

• the use of fertilizers.
• moisturizing.

Autumn season:

• harvesting fruits.
• pruning.
• shelter from cold weather and parasites.
• fertilizer.

Winter season:

• cleaning snow cover from branches.

Following the above information, it is possible to develop your own scheme of seasonal agricultural technology for a fruit tree. When performing procedures, it is worth remembering the age and health of the apple tree, as well as the climatic features of the region.

Distinctive features of fertilizer

The Orlovim apple tree is fertilized when it reaches the age of three years. Up to this age, all the necessary components are available in the prepared soil. After four to five years, the root system expands beyond the planting hole, the apple tree needs constant fertilization.

The use of fertilizers with organic and mineral components is considered the most important stage in agricultural technology for apple trees.

The first sign of an insufficient amount of trace elements is a decrease in the taste of apples, the acquisition of a different color of the leaves and the dropping of the ovaries.

Orlovim apple fertilization is produced in two ways:

• foliar fertilization is produced by spraying the herbaceous preparation.
• for root fertilization, granular dressings are used, which are buried near the apple tree. The granules disappear over time, and the fruit tree acquires missing components.

Fertilizer in spring time

The first fertilization is done in the second - third week of the second spring month. The most optimal time is considered to be the formation of the first foliage on a fruit tree. With this type of fertilizer, fertilizing with a nitrogen content is used, which helps to activate the growing season. Top dressing is placed in the soil near the trunk when digging.

Components of the mixture:

• five hundred grams of urea.
• thirty grams of ammonium nitrate.
• forty grams of nitroammofosk.
• four containers of compost.

The second fertilization is carried out during the herbaceous flowering. It is required to prepare a liquid top dressing in advance. In one hundred milliliters of liquid, add four hundred grams of potassium sulfate, five hundred grams of superphosphate and two hundred and fifty grams of urea. The drug is not touched for a week. Moistened on non-sedimentary days, approximately forty liters per bucket.

The third time the herb is fertilized thirty days immediately after the beginning of the flowering process. Prepare a liquid fertilizer. In one hundred liters of liquid, add five hundred grams of nitrophoska, ten grams of sodium humate in dry form. Pour rubbing containers of the preparation under each apple tree.

Instead of root fertilization, it is possible to feed the herbaceous fertilizer by spraying. Use nitrogen supplements. Prepare a three-tenth percent concentration of urea. Foliar fertilization is done after the leaves have completely bloomed.

Summer fertilization

The first fertilization occurs at the beginning of the summer season. Apple trees are treated with a preparation based on urea five tenths of a percent, for ten liters of liquid fifty grams of urea.

In the summer, it is advised to feed the trees of this variety using the foliar method.

The second time you need to fertilize the apple trees is at the beginning of the second summer month. The trees are sprayed with a urea-based preparation, and after two weeks they are fertilized with mineral components. It is recommended to give preference to:

• "Aquarium".
• Kemiru Lux.
• "Nutrivant plus".

Fertilizer in autumn

In this season, it is advised to produce a root fertilizer using potassium and phosphorus. Top dressing can be bought ready-made or made with your own hands. For the manufacture of the drug, one tablespoon of potassium, two tablespoons of double superphosphate granules and ten liters of liquid are required. The prepared preparation is used throughout the garden, approximately one hundred liters of liquid per ten square meters.

Fertilization is carried out immediately after the removal of the fruits so that the apple trees are enriched with missing components for the winter.

With various fertilizers, the main thing is to strictly follow the dosage of fertilizing, because overly saturated preparations can harm or even destroy the plant.

Pruning

The optimal terms for pruning are the spring, the second week of the last month, and the autumn, after the end of the leaf fall, the seasons. Pruning broken and mature branches and shaping the crown correctly contributes to tasty fruit.

Instructions for pruning the Orlovim apple tree variety:

• use of professional sharp equipment, for example, pruner, scissors, delimber, hacksaw.
• dry and infected branches are removed to a new layer.
• it is forbidden to leave hemp, the cut is made under the corner above the bud or a branch growing from the side.
• large sections are wiped with garden varnish or identical preparations.
• it is not allowed to climb onto the apple tree when pruning, it is necessary to use ladders and safety net.

Following the instructions will help you avoid injury and damage to the grass.

Pruning young fruit trees involves pinching the crown into shape. This fruit crop only needs light, light pruning.

Older apple trees need to be pruned more carefully. Extra and broken branches are removed by bud pruning. The cut is made a couple of millimeters higher than the kidney with a sharp movement of a sharp little knife.

Note! Reduction and pinching of the branch occurs on the outer bud.

When pruning the Orlovim apple variety, it is required to take into account the individual placement of the branches. Do not touch the side branches with an inclination angle of about ninety degrees. It is advised to pin these by removing three centimeters around the edges of the branch. Branches with a retreat angle of about sixty to eighty degrees are pruned slightly shorter than the conductor. It is not advised to cut the main conductor. This will facilitate the formation of additional side branches.

When pruning, it is required to take into account the individual characteristics of all apple trees, their age, health and neglect.

Destruction of parasites and various diseases

Apple-tree Orlovim: photo of the variety

In order to prevent the formation of parasites and various diseases, it is necessary to spray the apple tree with chemicals.

• the first two sprays are carried out before the flowering process in order to destroy parasites and diseases of the fungus. In the spring season, before the buds open, apple trees are treated with a one percent preparation of copper sulfate or a half percent preparation based on urea. A repeated procedure using the same composition is performed two to three weeks later.
• the second spraying occurs at a double dose during flowering. Parasites that damage ovaries and spores of fungi are removed. At the beginning of the flowering process, it is possible to use one percent Bordeaux liquid or the preparation of karbofos. The second time the apple tree is treated after two to three weeks.
• the last time the apple trees are treated with anabazine a month before the fruit is removed.

Note! It is required to strictly follow the standards of funds and not violate safety measures when using the above drugs.

The Orlovim apple tree is unpretentious in agricultural technology and cultivation. Due to the amazing presentation of the harvest and good taste, this variety of apples fell in love with most summer residents. A huge number of advantages allows the Orlovim apple variety to occupy the main places on store shelves.