Apple tree Hope

Apple tree Nadezhda is very popular. Endowed with excellent yield indicators, excellent taste characteristics of the fruits. Indicators of ease of planting and maintenance during the growth of trees in the area of ​​the average score. Fruit trees of this variety are very easy to care for.

Apple tree Nadezhda - description

Apple-tree Nadezhda is an apple-tree variety of an autumn kind, only in the first half of September the full ripening of the crop takes place. The variety is endowed with excellent resistance to winter low temperatures, that is, Hope is a frost-resistant subspecies of the apple tree. Duration of storage of the harvested crop has a long period. If you follow all the rules in preparation for storage and storage itself, then apples are able to retain all the characteristics of the fruit (taste and external indicators) for three months. Until about the second half of December.

Very important! The harvested crop must be carefully dried from excess moisture, laid carefully, without damage, placed in a fairly dark room, where the cool temperature is optimal for storage. Most importantly, there should be no potato tubers nearby. The longest storage times are set in the cellar or basement. Additional insulation of boxes with fruits is not required, however, it is necessary to monitor compliance with the necessary humidity indicators. With increased moisture, the apple rotting process is possible. To exclude large-scale rot damage, you can conduct periodic inspections to identify rotten apples.

The variety belongs to the pollinated apple species. To obtain the most profitable, attractive in terms of quantity, yield, it is recommended to plant such apple trees as Anis Purpurovy in the vicinity of the Nadezhda variety, Memory, Zhavoronkova, Miasskoe, which will serve as excellent pollinators for the Nadezhda variety.

Apple tree Hope - characteristic

The trees of this apple variety are quite tall, but relatively small in fruit size. Majestic growth, formation of the crown of a rounded, pyramidal appearance. The bark of the trunk, shoots and main branches is colored dark brown. The leaf plates develop in an ovoid shape, are quite large in size, along the edge of the leaf there is a small-gorbate serration. At the time of active flowering, medium-sized flowers form enlarged buds-inflorescences. The color of the petals is mainly white, slightly pink in color. The fruit of the tree is relatively medium in size, even below average, the shape of the apple is round-flat.

Dry to the touch and rather smooth structure, relatively thin, apple skin. The color of the ripe fruit is yellow, slightly greenish. The blush is partially manifested, a slightly blurred, crimson tone. At the time of full ripening of the fruit, the blush acquires covering properties for the entire fruit. Apple flesh is colored with a lightened beige color, good, attractive juiciness. The apple has a sweet taste with pronounced sourness.

Historical breeding data for this variety

The apple tree of the Nadezhda variety was created artificially, by crossing the Borovinka and Uralskiy Rebristy apple trees, under the control of the authors of this work P.A.Zhavoronkov and M.A.Mazunin. These scientists are employees of the South Ural Research Institute.

Regions of growing apple trees in nature

The growth of this variety is carried out on a fairly expanded territory. The most comfortable conditions for good development and fruiting have been created in the areas of the Ural region. It was here that the main zoning of the new variety took place in 1998. Hope is a variety that is endowed with excellent resistance to severe winter frost, but planting in a region with a temperate climate is the best option for growing.

Apple tree Nadezhda: features of the variety

Fully developed fruit trees have the ability to produce a first harvest, of sufficient quality and a good indicator of quantity, already after reaching 6-7 years of age from the moment of planting in a permanent place of growth. At first, fruiting is permanent. In the future, fruiting becomes irregular, bears fruit with periodicity. Mass ripening of the crop and the emergence of the possibility of a one-time harvest occurs in mid-September. Observing all the subtleties of care, the rules of agricultural technology, it is possible to collect up to 85 kilograms of an excellent harvest from each fruit tree of the Nadezhda apple tree. Apples have a wonderful feature, they easily tolerate technological processing. The most active use of the fruits of this variety is in home canning. They are used to prepare compotes, mashed potatoes, juice, jam, jam and many other dishes.

Apple tree Hope: planting and care

To obtain the greatest quantity and quality of the apple harvest, a sufficiently long period of fruiting functions, it is enough to simply follow the rules for planting a crop on your site, as well as the correct subsequent care of your pets. Trees do not have special requirements, so maintenance is quite simple. The most optimal period for planting a young seedling of this variety will be autumn. It is at this time that a young tree has the peculiarity of quickly enough to undergo acclimatization, it is enough to take root in a new place in order to easily survive the next winter. In winter, the tree rests, and with the arrival of spring, it begins its active development, enhanced growth.

Important advice! The autumn period is the recommended time for planting, but a simple rule should be observed - the planting of a seedling should be carried out no earlier than 14 days before the onset of the first autumn cold weather. With the onset of cold at an earlier time, trees have a great opportunity to simply die, so the process of adaptation of a young shoot to new conditions will be quite short.

A little about the place most comfortable for growing an apple tree of this variety. The distance between individual trees must be taken into account. They must be at least 4 meters apart. When this gap is reduced, adult apple trees will interfere with each other. If you decide to arrange your plantings in rows, then the row spacing is maintained at a distance of up to 4.5 meters.

We decided on a place, made the necessary markings for the preparation of the planting holes, we proceed to the planting process, create a planting hole. Dig it to the required depth, not less than 0.7 meters. The pit is from 100 to 115 centimeters in diameter. The required composition and amount of fertilizer is mixed with the excavated layer of loose soil. As a result, the pit acquires the semblance of a low mound.

An important point! The height of the resulting mound above the soil level does not exceed 20 centimeters. In the center of the hill, a small peg is necessarily driven in - such a semblance of support for a young seedling. Set the tree on a mound, carefully sprinkle it with the prepared composition of soil and fertilizers, tamp it carefully. Further, abundant watering. A small recommendation from experienced gardeners: it is advisable to plant a tree in an area with a slight slope. The chance of hitting a tree from strong gusts of wind is reduced.

A very important point in caring for an apple tree is the correct and high-quality pruning of branches.It must be carried out after winter dormancy, after a sufficiently warm air and soil temperature has been established, and late frosts no longer pose a particular threat. When the fruit tree is older than seven years of age, the top layer of the shoots is cut off first. If the apple tree is younger than this age, then no pruning of the shoots is carried out. But at any age, the fruit tree needs sanitary pruning, that is, the affected branches, dried shoots, damaged areas of the bark, last year's foliage are cut off (if they missed the collection of foliage in the fall), since all damaged areas and the remaining foliage have a feature of decay. In the future, rotting places can become an excellent refuge for various bacteria that entail the development of diseases that are dangerous for the apple tree. It is also necessary to cut off all the processes over a year old.

Remember! Only those one-year-old shoots whose growth has a direction upward or into the inside of the crown of the tree are subject to pruning. It is necessary to very carefully observe the cleanliness of the trunk circle, getting rid of any weed. This should be monitored throughout the summer period. At regular intervals, it is necessary to loosen the soil, but at a shallow depth, so as not to damage the root system of the tree. As a tip, you can plant a clover cover around the trees, you can replace it with any water-retaining plant. In this case, the soil will be sufficiently moist for a long time.

Known pests and diseases

The apple tree of this variety has a number of diseases and pests that bring the greatest danger, if special measures are not taken in a timely manner. Let's take a closer look at each option.

a) Green aphid - this pest has a colonial breeding feature. It multiplies very quickly. As soon as spring comes into its own, the parasite begins its active actions. In a short time, with the onset of a constant warm temperature, the pest captures completely young shoots of the tree, which the plant had already given at that time. Aphids harm by feeding the sprout with juice, subsequently the sprout is not able to form inflorescences, and, accordingly, the subsequent harvest.

As a treatment, at the first signs of aphid plant infection, you can use a folk remedy, launch an ordinary ladybug in those places where you observe the activity of the formation of a colony of this pest. It is this insect that is an excellent anti-aphid remedy. The cow simply eats the pest in the shortest period of time. You can also use spraying the tree, completely, with an ordinary solution of a mixture of tobacco dust and soap;

b) The apple moth is activated with the beginning of the flowering process of the tree. The pest affects multiple numbers of apple fruit trees. The overwintering of the caterpillar of the apple moth takes place on the shoot, or in the bark of the twigs. With the onset of warmth, the caterpillar wakes up and begins to actively feed on the young leaf cover of the tree and flowers. Already on the eaten leaves, the parasite builds a nest and pupation of the caterpillar takes place. As a treatment, prophylactic spraying of shoots and branches with chlorophos solution, 7% ratio + 2% zolone solution can be carried out;

c) Scab is a disease of the apple tree. This variety has partial immunity to this disease, but there is still a risk of damage. Scab is a disease of fungal origin. The causative agent of this infection is very difficult to destroy. It calmly hibernates in layers of bark or in a layer of fallen leaves, which it is recommended to remove from the trunk circle and be sure to burn it. With the onset of spring, scab pathogens begin to actively attack the entire plant. Greenish specks are formed on the leaf cover. On fruits, spots of a pronounced brown tint. Without providing timely treatment against progressive scab, complete drying of the leaf cover and fruits of the apple tree follows.As a treatment, the following actions:
- in the fall, it is imperative to collect and strictly burn all fallen leaves, not only under the trees, but also in the territory that does not belong to the plantations of apple trees. After collecting the foliage, be sure to spray the soil with a 3% nitrafen solution. Blooming buds can be washed with 1% Bordeaux liquid solution;

d) Black cancer is a disease that affects the plant completely: branches, fruits, foliage, tree trunk. Infection manifests itself in the form of ulcers, you can observe small growths, brown, slightly blackish in color. Parts of the plant affected by cancer quickly dry out, the bark falls off, in whole areas. Untimely provision of medical care for a tree can carry very disastrous consequences, the tree will not live more than 3 years, with the rapid spread of the disease, the life of the plant is significantly reduced. As a treatment: with a very sharp knife, it is necessary to cut off all the affected branches, as well as those areas of the bark on which there are clear signs of cancer. All received wounds must be treated with Bordeaux liquid, 1%. Flower buds can be washed or sprayed with the same product before active flowering begins.

Very important! At the first detection of a disease, even on one tree, urgently carry out preventive work on the infected plant and on neighboring fruit trees. Otherwise, the disease will very quickly begin to spread throughout all the apple trees in your garden. Take as advice: before the winter period, it is necessary to carry out a very thorough cleaning of the garden area from all weeds and fallen leaves. It is in foliage and weed accumulations that the causative agents of this disease winter.

Outcome

Apple trees of this variety are very easy to grow even in a small area of ​​the site. Relative to other varieties of apple trees, Nadezhda is rather unpretentious in her requirements. The yield of the tree is increased. The fruits are perfect for any kind of processing. Such trees can be grown not only on the territory of nurseries, but also in an ordinary summer cottage, the apple tree will take root perfectly and will bring a rich and high-quality harvest. The variety also has disadvantages, but they are insignificant: fruiting is not regular, and the variety also needs additional pollination.