Apple tree Grushovka Moscow: description and care

Of course, every person who is keen on gardening has at least once heard of this name Apple Grushovka Moscow. This variety is one of the most famous and widespread, it was bred by domestic breeders who sought to create a variety that would be sufficiently resistant to diseases and infections, and at the same time would also be distinguished by unpretentiousness and abundant fruitful results.

The Grushovka Moskovskaya apple variety glorified our country in the middle of the 17th century, then it was very actively distributed in various regions, adapted there, tempered and gave excellent yielding results. As a result, the variety has taken root well in the lower part of the Black Earth Region, as well as in the Middle Urals and in its South. In this article, we will dwell in more detail on the description of the Grushovka Moscow apple variety, on the characteristics of its main subtypes, and also talk about the agrotechnical subtleties, about the features of planting a tree and caring for it. This information will be of interest not only to novice gardeners, but also to those who already have experience in planting and growing apple trees, but are looking for opportunities to improve their tree, make it even more fertile and less painful.

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: description of the variety, its subtypes

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: photo of the variety

Of course, in order to better understand what the Grushovka Moscow apple variety is, it is necessary to consider its main subtypes, which today are no less common in our country and far beyond its borders. So, the first subtype of the Grushovka Moscow apple tree, which we will consider, is the Early Moscow apple tree. It is the main one, and this variety is also the most successful of all varieties of pear varieties in this subgroup. The thing is that this is a hybrid of the Moscow pear tree and Folding, and he has absorbed all the best qualities of his parents. For about seventy years, this variety has occupied a leading position, and also acts as the most real apple classic. The apples are very large - almost one and a half, and sometimes twice as large as the standard founding varieties of the early apple tree.

The yield of the Grushovka Moscow apple variety is incredibly high. During the season, you can harvest from 130 to 220 kilograms of delicious and ripe apples, which are versatile. In addition, this variety has a high level of immunity, it is stress-resistant, if we talk about sudden changes in temperature, as well as the most common diseases that often affect apple crops. This includes resistance to scab and fruit rot, as well as the variety as a whole is quite resistant to severe frosts, although experienced gardeners still advise covering this plant or at least the lower part of its trunk before the onset of precipitation. This is especially true of periods when in winter there are strong frosts and there is no snow cover - in these conditions, a tree especially needs a person.

Also, of course, it is worth mentioning the disadvantages of this variety. In general, it lies in the fact that the variety has cyclical fruiting, and the apple tree does not produce fruits instantly. Apples are grown either by amateur gardeners, or summer residents, you rarely see this variety grown on an industrial scale.

The next variety - the Grushovka Winter apple tree - is another hybrid variety, which was obtained by crossing the Moscow classic pear tree and the French apple tree under the aristocratic name "Kronsel". The second grade is more related to the Antonovka subgroup, so some of its features are from this apple tree. Let's return now to Winter Hrushovka - the fruits are very large, and the harvest is incredibly plentiful. When a tree reaches its peak of growth and fruiting, about one hundred kilograms of selected and incredibly tasty apples can be removed from one tree, which are also universal. One way or another, this variety also has several disadvantages that you should pay attention to:

• the variety does not tolerate frost at all, even though the name indicates "Winter", and this can confuse gardeners and gardeners
• the apple tree is very often exposed to various diseases and, in particular, rot, which is why it needs constant care, treatment with fungicides and insecticides, as well as just attention from the gardener, since without it there is a high probability that the tree will simply die and will not survive the winter periods

It is also worth focusing on the fact that planting materials must always be purchased in special nurseries or from professional breeders of apple trees. Otherwise, there is a high probability that the gardener can acquire a fake or diseased plant that will not take root, or that will be infected with various fungal diseases. Then it also becomes dangerous for other landings, which should also be paid attention to.

Apple trees, as a rule, from small planting materials then grow into very powerful trees. The height of one tree often reaches seven meters, which makes them very powerful and gigantic. But with such a height, a very large area is also needed so that the crowns of trees do not get entangled with each other and do not cast shadows on each other. Initially, the crown has the shape of a cone, and then it becomes more spherical, while it is worth remembering about the sanitary and formative pruning, which is very necessary for the tree in order to give more yield. By the way, there can be so much of it that under its weight the crown becomes more lowered, and after a while it is for this reason that the conical shape changes to a round one. This makes it easier to reach the crop, which is located even at the very top. At the same time, it is worth pointing out some of the subtleties at the beginning of fruiting. Here we highlight several aspects:

• apple trees of the Grushovka variety begin their fruiting about four, sometimes six years after the seedling was sent to the open ground. But this condition is met if the apple tree was grafted onto dwarf or semi-dwarf rootstocks, which must also be borne in mind, especially for novice gardeners who do not yet have any experience in planting
• if grafted into wild or vigorous apple trees, then the crop for the first time can be harvested no earlier than six years later, and sometimes you have to wait about eight years, so you should be patient in this case.

Even despite the fact that the subtypes of Grushovka have large fruits, the original variety has rather small fruits - on average, their weight varies from 85 to 110 grams, the maximum weight that fruits can reach is 127 grams. The shape of the fruit is slightly flattened, rounded, the skin, when the fruit is fully ripe, has a lemon-yellow pleasant hue, stripes are also visible on it. The flesh is straw-colored, crispy. The fruit has a very pleasant taste, honey, sweet and sour, but at the same time quite harmonious, there is no bright pronounced aftertaste. The fruits are not very fragrant, but if they are harvested and stored for some time, they become more fragrant. At the same time, the taste no longer resembles an apple tree, but rather a pear.

Apple tree Grushovka Moscow: ripening period, winter hardiness and disease resistance

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: photo of the variety

Ripening of apples Grushovka Moscow falls on the first half of August, possibly the maturation of mutants that appear a little later. At the same time, they are the same in taste, but have a slightly strange, deformed appearance. The most widespread are the autumn and winter subtypes of Grushovka, since their fruits are larger in size, and therefore they are much more attractive. Of course, there are those gardeners who are still committed to planting and getting ordinary Grushovka fruits, but now there are a little fewer of them, although they still speak positively about these plants and varieties.

One of the advantages of the Grushovka Moscow apple tree as a whole is that the trees have a fairly high level of resistance to cold and frost. This is because the variety was originally derived from some wild varieties that had this advantage, and it was passed on to their offspring. As a result, the apple tree can withstand a drop in temperature to -50 degrees, while it feels comfortable, does not freeze, gives the same abundant yield and growth rates. This is a really huge plus. But here it should be borne in mind that only those trees that have been properly fed, and which the gardener previously cut, formed, removed all dry or infected branches, can withstand such frosts.

As a rule, Yablonya Grushovka Moscow can be subject to some diseases. These include Scab, Moniliosis, and Black Cancer. It is also worth paying attention to the close fight against fungal diseases and formations, as they can be very dangerous. Moreover, the danger is usually traced rather not for young trees, but to a greater extent for old trees, whose immunity has already noticeably weakened. Therefore, you need to closely monitor them, inspect the deciduous parts and branches, remove all damaged or infected branches and overgrowths so that the plant feels much better. In addition, thanks to pruning, you can give the old plant a second life. thus, as we can see, the variety is not at all resistant to the most common diseases caused by fungal spores. Diseases and fungi can be prevented, and for this the plants are treated with fungicides, which are sold in specialized stores for gardeners and gardeners. Also, experienced gardeners advise not to use chemical compounds if we are not talking about treatment, but about the prevention of diseases. Chemistry can negatively affect the condition of the plant and its fruits, their quality, taste and safety for the human body.

The apple variety Grushovka Moskovskaya belongs to the self-fertile varieties. This means that several trees must be planted nearby, which will be pollinator varieties, and which will bloom simultaneously with Grushovka itself. This is the only way to achieve success directly in fruiting itself. Experienced gardeners suggest that the best pollinating varieties for Grushovka are such as Antonovka, Candy tree, Striped anise, Chinese women, White filling... These varieties are best suited for the role of pollinators, and they also get along well next to Grushovka.

All kinds of

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: photo of the variety

• Semi-dwarf tree

The semi-dwarf tree must be grafted. Most often, it is purchased for cultivation for sale, because after fifteen to seventeen years, the tree begins to burst.

Experts do not recommend it for use in landscape design.

• Bonsai

Dwarf trees, especially those that are propagated by vegetation, are not popular.

Due to the large amount of yield as a result of the scion of the "pear" variety and the unsatisfactory adhesion at the rootstock and without the necessary stakes, trees of this type are usually broken whole or in half.

This means that it is dangerous to make large areas.

• Columnar tree

There is information on social networks that there is a columnar variety. They say that the variety has a high level of cold resistance, the fruits are small in size, yellow in color with a slight pink tint, and sour to taste.

• Late tree

In social networks there is information about the type of this tree. On the territory of the Leningrad region, due to the small summer season, such a tree really gives fruits identical to the late autumn apple tree of all kinds. However, there is nothing special here.

• Summer tree

And again, the variety was invented on the Internet to lure inexperienced summer residents. This variety is more common in the southern parts of our country. But because of its distinctive features, it will not be able to grow there properly, because of this, they began to create a new image on the Internet.

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: planting varieties

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: photo of the variety

• Priming

The planting hole for planting the Grushovka Moscow apple tree is made about one hundred centimeters by one hundred centimeters in size. Soils that are more suitable for a given tree are loamy and sandy loam with neutral reactions, not poor in organic matter and microelements.

• Disembarkation process

• Disembarkation is not done alone.
• It is necessary to use the stake as a support.
• The landing site is sheltered from drafts and wind.
• The occurrence of groundwater is not more than one hundred and fifty centimeters.

• Pruning process

A formative pruning is done initially and then a regulatory pruning after the harvesting process. In adulthood, sanitary pruning is performed.

Note! If you do not own gardening tools for pruning at the proper level, you should not purchase the Grushovka Moscow apple variety

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: variety care

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: photo of the variety

The Grushovka Moscow apple variety is not capricious, which means that the instructions for planting and future agricultural technology for trees do not differ radically from agricultural technology for other varieties of apples.

The best dates for planting are the last days of May and sap movements, or at the end of the fall season after the fall of foliage. In order for the tree to fully develop correctly, it is necessary to remove all the color before the sixth year. Next, it is worth monitoring the severity of the crop and correctly trimming the crown to avoid broken branches.

The Grushovka Moscow apple tree does not tolerate dry times, it is required to irrigate in a timely manner, this will allow for excellent growth and planting of the apple tree. In the hot summer season, you need about two to three humidifications in a week and a half. It is only required to completely complete moisture in the second week in August in order for the tree to complete active growth and direct all its energy to shelter in the winter season.

It is necessary to fertilize the Grushovka Moscow apple variety upon reaching the age of two years. In the first spring month, a mullein or sod land is poured into the soil under the crown, approximately eight to twelve kilograms per apple tree.

In the autumn season, fruit trees are fertilized with various dressings, however, without the presence of nitrates and nitrogen compounds. Sufficient forty grams for each apple tree up to the age of twenty-two, sixty grams for an apple tree up to the age of seventy years.

Granules are not placed in a liquid, it is enough to place them on the top layer of the soil, then it is necessary to dig up the earth.

It is necessary to weed the ground under the crown and remove weeds.

Apple-tree Grushovka Moscow: reviews of gardeners

Tatiana, Kaluga:

“The Moscow apple tree Grushovka is my favorite. She has the most delicious fruits, she is not vulnerable to frost.I read on the Internet that many fruit crops could not survive the 1978-79 winter season, and my mother boasts that she still has this tree intact. Yes, the tree is notably frozen, but the restoration process took nothing at all. The amount of harvest for the Grushovka Moscow apple variety is large, we can collect up to one hundred kilograms. I will never change it for another grade. "

Kirill, Saratov:

“The apple of the Grushovka Moscow variety at the dacha is as old as the son is sixteen. We have been eating fruits for the last six years for sure, there are no complaints about taste, unfortunately, it doesn’t work out for a long time, I’m already silent about transpiration from the dacha to the city. I do not recommend making jam, juice and jams from them. I recommend just plucking, washing and eating. My wife somehow cooked a delicious compote. The Grushovka Moscow apple tree takes up a lot of space, it is difficult to cut the crown, it is impossible to cope alone. This variety does not take root in the neighbors, it always gets sick. "

Ivan, Rostov region:

“I only like the taste when picking the fruit when it is fully ripe. The apple tree Grushovka Moscow at a young age resembles a pear tree. Compote turns out to be great, only add more sugar. Our apples ripen sour, children cannot eat them at all. The Grushovka Moscow apple tree is constantly infected with all sorts of diseases, but it does not upset me. "