Apple-tree "Children's".
Content:
Apple variety "Detskoe" is one of the interesting and promising varieties of apple trees, distinguished by the sweet taste of apples. The variety was bred by the Ural breeders. But apples, sweet in their pure form, are considered a minus of apple fruit growing. For this reason, there are few such varieties. But only experts say this, not the kids who devour these apples with such pleasure that they crackle behind their ears.
Descriptive characteristics.
The "Detskoe" variety was bred by the outstanding breeder MA Mazunin. The place of obtaining the variety is the South Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing. Mazunin crossed the Uralskiy Nalivnaya and Welsey varieties.
The first parent passed on a high yield rate to "Detskoy", and the second - the size and color of the fruit. The result is a hybrid variety that produces very juicy and sweet apples. Ovaries two months old are edible.
Autumn variety. The tree is of medium height, the crown is drooping, the shoots are thin, in the form of arcs. The leaves are saturated, green, elongated.
Most of the fruits are of the same size, weighing on average about 100 grams. Fruits are round, slightly ribbed. Mostly painted in a greenish-yellow color, there is also a covering delicate blush of red color.
Typical varietal features.
Pros and cons.
The variety is distinguished by good frost resistance and high yield. The variety is appreciated for its amazing taste, which is very surprising for a sweet variety.
The cultivar has a weak immune defense to fight scab during the years of mass incidence of this disease in plants.
The size of an adult apple trees, an increase per year.
An adult apple tree reaches a height of 4 m. The growth of the tree is average, it grows by 10-30 cm per year.
Yield indicator, fruiting.
From an adult tree, 35 kg of fruit can be harvested. If you properly look after and provide all the growing conditions for plants, then the yield indicator will be several times higher.
In industrial fruit growing, planting apple trees 6x3 m, it turns out 193 centners of fruit per hectare.
Fruiting of the variety is regular.
Assessment by tasters.
The inner content of the fruit is creamy, juicy, and has a sweet dessert taste. Apples are rich in dry matter (13.6%), sugar (11.8%), acid (0.15%), vitamin C (16 mg). Tasting assessment of fresh fruits - 4.4 points.
Resistant to the winter season.
The "Detskoe" variety is resistant to the Ural winter. Resistance to dry periods is moderate.
Disease immunity.
The variety is immune to scab; even in wet seasons, the disease affects the tree to a weak extent.
Real reviews.
Rodion: “15 years ago we planted two apple trees of the“ Detskoe ”variety, we are very pleased with this. For all the years, the trees and vaccinations have never frozen. The eldest daughter traveled with her granddaughters to France, the children, having arrived back, said that the Detskoe apples were the tastiest, better than the French ones. Like this!"
Miroslava: “It is not often that when choosing an unfamiliar apple variety, it can delight, even if the photographs are viewed and the characteristics are read before purchasing. But with the "Detskoe" variety, everything turned out as well as possible. The tree has been growing for ten years. Naturally, the apple tree requires care, like all plants, in order to avoid diseases and to obtain good yields. But all this is compensated by the return from the apple tree in the form of sweet apples ”.
Irina: We have been cultivating the "baby" variety in our garden for 7 years. From the fifth year, the first apples began to appear. Compared to other varietal varieties, I didn't really like this one in terms of taste, but the rest of the household gobble up these fruits well. I love when apples are slightly sour. The peculiarity is the juice, sugar is not required to be added to it. The fruits are tasty, but a little bit fresh. "
How to properly plant and care for a tree.
When and how to plant the plants.
There are two options for planting a variety in time. Planting is carried out in the spring season before the sap begins to move. Planting in the autumn season is carried out after the foliage has fallen, 14-21 days before the onset of frost. The apple trees planted in the autumn season will be able to successfully adapt to new conditions and even put down new roots.
Planting scheme: 6x3 m, 6x4 m.
Planting algorithm.
First, we prepare the pit for planting in advance. You need to choose the most illuminated area. For spring planting, the planting pit is prepared in the autumn season, for the autumn - 30 days before planting. The size of the pit for planting: depth - 0.6-0.7 m, width - 0.7-0.8 m.The root collar of the seedling should rise 5-7 cm above the surface soil layer.If you plant the seedling deeper, it will begin to form its own root system, this can be bad affect the further development of the tree.
In the early years, the seedling is necessarily tied to a peg located from the north. When planting, do not allow the formation of empty spaces in the roots. Be careful and careful, and then the tree will pleasantly surprise you in the future.
Agrotechnical techniques.
How to choose a landing site.
All further development of the tree depends on the correctly selected planting site.
The site should have a slope to the south, southeast or southwest side. Groundwater should run 2 meters below the surface soil level. It is recommended to plant the apple tree on loamy soil, it should be well permeable, or on sandy loam soil saturated with humus. Don't take heavy earth into account.
Apple trees do not like acidic, moist soils and soils that contain a lot of carbonates.
Choose an area that is sheltered from the wind, especially from the north. Better to plant a tree where there are any structures. They will cover the apple tree from winds and drafts.
Fertilization.
Top dressing is very important. In the first year, the seedling does not need to be additionally fed. Starting from the age of two, the apple tree needs to be fed in a timely manner with organic and mineral mixtures so that it develops well, grows and bears fruit in large quantities and regularly.
In the autumn season, potassium, superphosphate, organic fertilizers are applied. The trunk circle is fed with this fertilizer complex when it is dug up. Dosage in the spring season: 2/3 of the nitrogen fertilization rate before the buds bloom; 1/3 of the same feeding after the plant has bloomed. May - June - spraying with nitrogen-containing feed. In the first 3-4 years of life, the mixtures are introduced 15 cm deep during the digging of the soil, later - 45 cm with an interval of 150 cm from the trunk.
Watering.
Watering should be done in a timely manner. The variety is moderately drought-resistant, for this reason the plant is watered 3 times during the entire growing season.
Basically, trees are watered at a time when they are blooming and bearing fruit.
Remember to water before the winter season, it will prevent the root system from freezing if the roots are threatened by extreme frosty temperatures.
Preventive measures and control of diseases and harmful insects.
Fighting harmful insects and diseases is also required without fail. This is the same agrotechnical technique as watering, feeding or pruning.
It is unambiguously necessary to process trees from a grower and a moth. The flower beetle is fought with the help of "Karbofos" or "Decis". The drugs are used according to the recipe indicated on the package. "Agravertin" or "Decis" is used against the moth.
The variety is immune to scab, but it is better to carry out prophylaxis of the tree with "Rubigan".
A very important procedure is whitewashing the trunk and skeletal branches of the tree. It is carried out to avoid the attacks of harmful insects on the apple tree and to protect against sunburn. The tree is whitewashed early in the spring and before the onset of the winter season.
In the autumn season, volunteers are harvested, foliage is also collected and burned.
The procedure for cutting and shaping the crown.
From the first year of the plant's life, pruning should be competent and regular. Formation gives the number of skeletal branches that is necessary, contributes to their correct growth and location. In the future, this will have a positive effect on branching and the appearance of new branches. This will ensure good development and formation of juicy fruits.
The seedling is cut first. It should be 0.8 m high. This will be the apple tree stem in the future. Next, one third of the young shoots are cut off and the branches that grow inside the crown or create a shadow are removed.
Since the crown is quite large and drooping, it will be more difficult to form it. Sanitary cleaning is carried out all year round. Dried, damaged, frozen and diseased branches are cut. Damaged bark fragments are removed and cleaned. The sections of the cuts are sealed with garden pitch.
Pollination.
The variety is not capable of pollinating on its own, so helpers are needed. The varieties are suitable for this role: “Miasskoe"," Hope ","Memory of Zhavoronkov».
Ripening and fruiting.
The tree begins to bear fruit from 4 or 5 years after planting, this is a good indicator for an apple tree. Apples are poured on lances and fruit sticks. Over the years, fruiting can go to ringlets.
Bloom. On average, apple trees bloom from 15 to 30 May days. It all depends on the area of growth and the mood of the weather.
Maturation. Harvest at 15-30 September days. Apples can be enjoyed right away.
Fruits at the age of 2 months can be eaten, since the manifestation of the taste of apple is already taking place.
Storage. The fruits are able to persist for a short time. After harvesting, the harvest is stored for 30 days, so you need to have time to use the apples completely.
Varietal varieties.
Reproduction of the variety is perfectly done by grafting or budding. The best stock, according to gardeners, is “Purple Ranetka”.
Semi-culture.
A promising hybrid variety that can be grown in the crown of a Siberian apple tree.
The apples are green and have a slight red blush. The inner contents are dense, juicy, sweet.
Fruits ripen on the 15th of September. Storage continues until the first spring month.
The fruits are small in size, their average weight is 35 grams.
Dwarf.
A tree on a dwarf rootstock grows up to two meters.
The variety is highly resistant to the winter season. This is used by Siberian apple cultivators.
Regional cultivation.
Siberian region.
In these harsh climatic conditions, the "Detskoe" variety is cultivated on a dwarf rootstock.The tree is able to withstand severe frost periods because it is highly resistant to frost and has a low height.
Ural region.
Variety "Detskoe" has been listed in the state register in the Urals since 1999. This means that the variety is zoned throughout the Ural region.
Summary.
The "Detskoe" apple variety is an excellent variety, especially recommended for gardeners with small children and grandchildren. They love everything sweet. The hybrid variety is of interest to gardeners almost all over Russia.