Apple tree Aboriginal

Apple tree Aboriginal was bred at DVNIISH thanks to the works of the scientist-breeder A.V. Bolonyaeva. The variety appeared as a result of crossing such subspecies as the Augustow Far East and Rebisty. Apple variety Aboriginal is rightfully recognized as one of the best subspecies of this culture in the Far East.

Apple tree Aboriginal: variety description and characteristics

Apple tree Aboriginal: photo of the variety

Apple variety Aboriginal refers to itself as a semi-crop, which means that it is derived from a large-fruited subspecies and ranetka. The branches of such a plant are thick, dark brown in color, they are endowed with a slight curvature and are strongly pubescent. The leaves are bottle-colored and large, slightly wrinkled. In the lower part, the leaves are the most pale, endowed with strong pubescence. The flowers of this variety are large and slightly pubescent, also have a short peduncle, consist of white petals and an elongated round shape. The fruits of a tree of this small size grow, on average, the mass of one such apple reaches 50 grams, although there were cases when the ripe fruit had 130 grams. These fruits are round and slightly elongated. The apple skin is smooth, with a shiny surface. The main color of the fruit is light golden, while the integumentary color is stripes or a blurred red tint. These fruits have excellent commercial qualities and are sold quite well. They can be eaten both fresh and pickled, prepared compotes. This variety of this fruit crop belongs to the tetraploid-diploid chimera (that is, the cells of the tree have the ability to be genetically different), which means that the culture may have stems on which the fruits of the largest size ripen than on other stems, and they may also differ its taste characteristics.

The advantages of the Aboriginal apple variety include good immunity to such a dangerous disease as scab, as well as moniliosis (monilial burn), the causative agent of which is a microscopic fungus.

The disadvantages of the Aboriginal apple tree include a short shelf life of fruits, although other summer subspecies also have a short shelf life for apples.

Apple tree Aboriginal has a moderate growth, as well as an oblong-round crown shape:

• The culture is medium-sized.
• The crown has a sparse growth, due to which it is sufficiently illuminated by sunlight.
• The main stems are at right angles to the trunk.
• The branches have a gray-brown bark.

It has long been noted that with the growth of the plant, the amount of the crop increases:

• When the tree is five years old, it yields about 8 kilograms of ripe fruit.
• If the age of the tree has reached 8 years, then the harvest can be obtained in an amount of up to 28 kilograms.
• And at the age of ten, one tree brings up to 52 kilograms of apples.

Fruits on the Aboriginal apple-tree variety grow annually. The taste of such fruits is sweet, with a slight acidity and low astringency. They contain: vitamin C - 11.1 milligrams per 100 grams of product, pectins 0.3-0.5 percent, tannins 0.27-0.31 percent, acids 0.6-0.8 percent, sugars 8, 8-11.9 percent.

Apple variety Aboriginal is distinguished by its frost resistance. Although trees are planted on the rootstock of this subspecies only in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory and in the Primorsky Territory. In the form of slate and on a frost-resistant rootstock, it is cultivated in more northern regions.It is worth noting that this subspecies has good immunity to such common diseases as scab and moniliosis.

Apple tree Aboriginal: planting varieties

Apple tree Aboriginal: photo of the variety

Planting an apple tree seedling Aboriginal is best done in the spring. For planting, a sufficiently illuminated area should be selected in advance, although these trees can also grow in a shaded place, with groundwater at a level of at least 2.5 meters from the soil surface. Apple trees are capable of growing on completely different soils, but the best option would be sod-podzolic and chernozem soils with a weak acidity index, about 6.5. Before planting, a hole is pre-dug, reaching a diameter of one meter and a depth of 60 centimeters. When planting several seedlings at once, leave a distance of 4 meters between them. The top layer of soil during digging the hole should be mixed with organic fertilizers such as humus and rotted manure. With acidic soil at the landing site, it is worth adding dolomite flour, chalk to it. With a soil consisting mainly of sand, a 10 centimeters layer of clay is poured onto the bottom of the planting hole, after which it is tamped down and a layer of compost is placed up to 15 centimeters.

Let us consider in detail the technology of planting the Aboriginal apple-tree variety. It should be noted right away that the rhizome of the plant should be quite moist, which is why it is worthwhile before planting, in about one day, to place clean roots of a tree in a bucket of water, or in a chatterbox with clay. A seedling of this culture is placed in a prepared hole and carefully sprinkled with soil so that the root collar of the seedling is 3-4 centimeters above the soil surface. On the north side of the seedling, a peg is driven in, which will serve as a support for this tree. A seedling is tied to this peg. After planting, a young apple tree Aboriginal is watered abundantly, about 3-4 buckets of water go to one seedling. After that, within a month and a half, this seedling is watered weekly. In order to prevent moisture from leaving the soil quickly enough, you can cover the soil near the plant with hay.

Apple tree Aboriginal: variety care

Apple tree Aboriginal: photo of the variety

• Watering

Under each tree at maturity, the same number of buckets of water is poured out as this plant is currently years old. The liquid must necessarily fall under the tree trunk circle. Watering this culture in adulthood is carried out three times in one season: in the first half of June, during the setting and pouring of fruits, in the autumn, watering is carried out with moisture.

• Top dressing

With pre-prepared soil, fertilizing begins in the second or third year of the tree's life. Such dressings are made 4 times:

• In the last days of April, urea and humus are introduced into the soil.
• After May 15, you should first water the plants well with water, then a solution of superphosphate, potassium sulfate, Effekton and water. It is only worthwhile to first let this solution infuse for one week.
• During the period when the fruits begin to pour, the culture is fed with a solution of nitrophoska and sodium humate.
• After harvesting, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are added to the soil previously shed with water.

• Preparation for wintering

Before the winter period of the year, the soil under the crowns of these plants should be piled up and mulched with peat, compost, humus. These actions contribute to the plant's resistance to cold weather. In the winter season, the tree trunk is tied up in order to protect them from small rodents.

• Pruning and shaping the crown of a tree

With a fairly strong and sturdy seedling, whose stems are approximately 40 centimeters in length, pruning can be carried out already in the first year of life. With a weaker tree trunk, pruning is carried out after a year. In the spring, it is recommended to prune:

• The central conductor is cut into two or three buds, in which case the lateral branches will become more active to grow.
• During the pruning procedure, it is worth knowing that the skeletal stems should be below the guide itself.

After one year, young stems should be pruned, and branches that grow inside the crown should be pruned.

• Pollinators

These apple varieties Aboriginal are capable of pollinating partially independently, but they also need pollinating varieties. As such varieties, the best option would be: Avgustovskoe Far East and Amur yielding.

Fruiting and ripening

Apple tree Aboriginal: photo of the variety

- The beginning of the fruiting period

Apple tree Aboriginal begins its fruiting period in the third or fourth year of the plant's life after planting, and massively at 7-8 years of life.

- Timing

These trees bloom in May and early June. Due to the fact that this variety refers to itself as a chimera (that is, it has a different set of chromosomes), mainly its fruits ripen in the first half of August. Although there may be several of these stems, which form the largest apples in size, with a completely different flavor, they can be removed in the last days of August or at the very beginning of September. Fully ripe fruits of this variety can fall off in strong winds. Some fruits ripen on the tree, so they can be eaten immediately after being removed. The storage period for such fruits is short - about three weeks, and in the refrigerator they can be stored for up to one and a half months.

Growing in regions

The apple tree Aboriginal is advised to grow in the Far Eastern Federal District: in the Primorsky Territory and in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory. If grown on fire-resistant and frost-resistant stem formers, the variety can grow in the Sakhalin, Amur regions, as well as the Jewish Autonomous Region. This means that the stem, and possibly the skeleton of the plant, is formed from the rootstock, having made a choice for this in favor of varieties that are more resistant to frost, for example, such as Souvenir of Altai, Gornoaltaiskoe, Ermakovskoe mountain. This subspecies grows in Siberia and the Urals in the form of shale. To be understood, slate is a tree, the horse of which takes on a squat creeping shape. The plant itself does not have such a shape, it should be formed:

• Towards the end of the summer season, the stems should be taken to a free place, distributed over the site, and then attached with iron hooks.
• With the arrival of spring, these hooks are removed so that the stems can grow upward. This must be done so that a huge number of tops cannot form.
• The next year, in the second half of June, the regrown stems should be pinched after 4 leaves. As a result, in the month of July, two young shoots grow, and in the second half of July, pinching is required again to make new branches.

As a result, the Aboriginal apple tree does not grow, while having a very large and spreading crown, but on the contrary, forms a very small crown.

Apple tree Aboriginal: reviews of gardeners

As a result, from the above, we can summarize that the apple tree of the Aboriginal variety is a high-yielding crop, and as shale it can easily survive the harsh Siberian cold. This plant has good immunity to the dangerous and widespread disease of scab, which in turn is an important factor when grown in Siberia and the Far East.

There are a huge number of reviews on the Internet about the Aboriginal apple variety, here are some of them:

• I planted a variety of apple trees Aboriginal on my site 15 years ago. I am very pleased with this variety. A good and abundant harvest, and also very tasty. Now we are planning to dig up an old tree and plant a young seedling of this subspecies again.

Anna, Khabarovsk

• I really like the variety of apple trees Aboriginal, I am growing it in the form of shale. The subspecies has been tested for a long time and does not ask for special care. And I am also pleased that the apples taste excellent and that fruiting is regular.

Olga, Kemerovo

• Anyone who is going to grow an Aboriginal apple tree in Altai, I recommend this particular variety. Quite easy to plant, grow and care for. Plus, it's delicious.

Alexey, Altai Territory