Damage and restoration of fruit trees
If fruit trees grow on your site, for sure throughout the entire cycle and your handling of them, you have noticed that their vital activity is always rosy - there are certain damage to fruit trees, freezing, branches break and it becomes clear that the tree is suffering. So how do you solve this issue and help him get out of difficult situations?
In fact, the overall level of longevity and productivity of trees often depends on their resistance to frost during the winter. The maximum damage to trees is caused by low air temperatures, often reaching high levels of 35 or 40 degrees. Worst of all, if such temperatures are kept and do not subside for a long time, as well as at moments when there is a sharp fluctuation from a cold snap to a warming and vice versa. Plant tissues, unfortunately, sometimes cannot cope with such climatic stress and are damaged. As a result, the fragility of the branches increases; under the weight of developing fruits, they often break, as already mentioned above. In order to prevent such sad consequences, certain measures should be taken to eliminate them and prevent them from the unfavorable conditions of the harsh winter climate.
Remember that freezing of trees directly depends on when and how much they ripen. Shoots with apical buds that have already formed, for example, have better frost resistance and are often not damaged in any way. If the ripening of the shoots has not been observed for a sufficiently long period of time, then the eternal problem already familiar to us with you emerges - the excessive state of nitrogen, as well as moisture inside the soil.
Young trees during a period of increased drought, which usually occurs in May and June, often stop their growth prematurely, when precipitation begins to fall in July and August, it immediately resumes, but the problem is that by the fall season, the shoots simply do not have time to ripen due to lack of time - they will face the fate of freezing in winter.
Removal of damaged parts of annual growths is characterized by pruning up to healthy wood, but some have to be removed even during crown thinning.
Damage to the bark - their main outer protective layer - has a particularly negative effect on the general condition and health of fruit trees. Thus, a decrease in growth activity is observed; in the worst case, the tree dies and dies. The process of maturation of woody tissues usually starts from the periphery of the crown and ends in the area of the base of the trunk and branches. Such places are characterized by increased sensitivity to frost, therefore, in winter they become the target of damage in the first place.
The sun also causes considerable damage to trees, mainly from March to April. This is largely due to the fact that the tree bark often warms up extremely unevenly, all this is supported by sharp fluctuations and temperature drops during the day. If that part of the tree, which is illuminated by the sun during the day, is exposed to heating, then at night, as well as with a sharp change in weather, it rapidly cools down and also undergoes freezing.
As for the signs by which you can determine the damaged bark, it is usually characterized by a reddish or brown tint - you will immediately notice it with the proper level of observation. Over time, the layer of damaged bark dies off, no longer subject to restoration.
In order to avoid damage to fruit trees by burns, protective measures should be taken - whitewash in the autumn season, and the bases of the skeletal branches, in turn, should be tied with coniferous spruce branches. Speaking of whitewashing, they use proportions such as 2 kilograms of lime, slaked immediately before preparing the mixture, per 10 liters of water, it is also recommended to add 1 kilogram of clay or mullein. It is also recommended to use a special water-based paint, which has such advantages as more stable retention on tree trunks for up to two years, more effective reflective properties, and also promotes regeneration, wound healing and effectively repels pests that could also cause a significant proportion of damage ...
A competent level and mode of agricultural technology also helps to protect fruit trees from all kinds of damage - timely and regular watering, applying the right amount of fertilizer, proper care of the crown of the tree, as well as the fight and prevention of all kinds of diseases based on common signs. All these procedures are aimed primarily at increasing the life expectancy of trees, as well as strengthening their health and fruiting function.
Having planted a tree on your site, you take on a lot of responsibility, because its maintenance and care will not cost you the same efforts and work as, say, for an ornamental shrub. Trees - although they are long-lived, but not immortal, also have their weaknesses and vulnerabilities to adverse influences from nature. Take care of your fruit-bearing mates and do not let them go to a deplorable state, also remember that damage to fruit trees is very serious!