Apple tree processing

To preserve the fruits of the apple tree and seedlings, it is necessary to carry out work on the processing of trees, which will protect the plant from various diseases and insects. Processing is carried out annually by foliar method using a spray bottle. For processing, drugs of a narrow and wide spectrum can be used.

Usually they use store preparations or prepare themselves using folk recipes. Spraying must be done carefully, for this the gardener must follow some rules.

What diseases are there?

All diseases are divided into two categories: infectious and non-infectious. illness.

Diseases of non-infectious origin cannot in any way spread to other crops that grow near apple trees. Usually, such diseases appear due to the low nutritional value of the soil, lack of moisture, sunlight and other natural factors.

Diseases of an infectious origin can also infect other crops, in particular those that grow near the apple tree. They are usually caused by a virus, fungus, or bacterium. Most often, infection occurs with powdery mildew, brown spot, black cancer, scab, rust and cytosporosis.

The apple tree can be attacked by various pests, usually the apple tree is attacked by ticks, leaf flies, moths, leaf rollers and aphids.

Note: It is necessary to get rid of diseases and pests in time so that the plant does not die.

What kind of spring diseases to treat?

With the onset of spring, the apple tree goes through two processes - this is the growing season, and when the plant blooms. It is during these periods of time that the apple tree must be 100% protected, since it spends all its energy on the formation of flowers or fruits.

If an apple tree is sick with powdery mildew, it can be recognized by a thin layer of white bloom, scab, it is characterized by brown spots on the leaves and shoots, bacterial cancer, it manifests itself in the appearance of black specks and cracks on the tree, then processing is carried out.

So that the plant does not hurt, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment in the spring. After processing, the plant will be protected from aphids, honeydew, leaf beetles, flower beetles, moths, moths and leafworms.

For what summer diseases should the treatment be carried out?

In the summer, the processing must be carried out very carefully and carefully, since it is in the summer that apples are formed and ripen. It is recommended to use folk remedies without the use of chemicals, as they can be absorbed into the fruit, after which the taste will change, and the fruit will become poisonous and unsuitable for human consumption.

Usually in the summer, the apple tree is a disease of scab, fruit rot, powdery mildew and brown leaf spot.

Of the pests, aphids, moth caterpillars, ticks, sawfly and hawthorn can be most often seen.

What kind of autumn diseases to treat?

In the autumn period, the apple tree ceases to bear fruit, so it must be well prepared for wintering. Among all the preparation work, there is also treatment for diseases.

If you do not carry out pre-winter treatment, then scab, cytosporosis, fruit rot, black crayfish or powdery mildew can remain on the apple trees for the whole winter.

If there are cracks in the tree, then traces of aphids, moths, ticks, flower-eating beetles can be seen in them.

All these diseases and pests can be on the tree for the whole winter, and with the onset of spring, the plant and its vital activity can begin, because the droppings have not yet matured to die.

And if you carry out the autumn processing, then the tree will be protected from diseases, and will also help the destruction of pest eggs.

How can you tell if a tree is infected?

There are many signs by which the infection of the apple tree is determined. This can be done by examining the foliage, bark and fruits well.

Leaf inspection:

1.Leaves began to change color, or specks or spots of a different color began to appear on them.

2. The leaves can be eaten.

3. If growths appear on the foliage.

4. A dry leaf that looks lethargic and tired.

5. Curling the edges of the sheet.

6. Falling foliage.

Inspection of the bark:

1.The bark is speckled.

2.Presence of ulcers.

3. A bloom of dark or light color appears.

4. The bark begins to exfoliate and separate from the trunk.

5. Appearance of cracks on the trunk.

Note: If symptoms appear on branches, leaves or bark, all infected areas must be removed to prevent the spread of the disease. And the sections must be treated with disinfectants.

Inspection of the fruits.

1.Small fruit size.

2. Uneven coloration with spots that show an unnatural color.

3. Fruit drop.

4. Wrinkling of the shell of the apple.

All these symptoms indicate the presence of any infection on the tree.

How to process wood?

The drugs used for the treatment are divided into three categories:

1. Biological agents.

These substances are composed of many microbes that begin to fight off pests or diseases. They fight them for 15 days. These preparations are perfect for summer processing, since they are not chemical and cannot poison the fruits.

2. Chemicals.

This category of drugs is very strong and, if applied incorrectly, can damage the apple tree. These drugs cannot be used often, and even more so regularly, they are used in extreme cases, when the lesion is large and cannot be eliminated in any other way.

It is also worth noting that solutions of these drugs should be prepared in the ratios that are written in the instructions. In no way more concentrated.

3. Folk remedies.

This category belongs to the safest, as it is prepared from natural substances. But this category of drugs can have a weak effect on pathogenic organisms and cannot cope with their destruction.

Biological agents.

This category of drugs begins to take effect only when the soil or air is well warmed up. Only for this reason, with the onset of spring, it is still recommended to use chemicals, only in small concentrations.

There are a huge variety of biological agents and they all fight various diseases and pests.

1. The first group of means begins to suppress pests by destroying their nervous system. The most popular drug is Aktofit.

2. The second group penetrates into insects and paralyzes them, so they die from lack of food in their body. This group includes treatment with Bitoxibacillin.

3. Treatment with Trichodermin will help in getting rid of diseases such as scab or powdery mildew. This drug works on other fungal diseases as well. It works in a very simple way, boosting the plant's immune system, improving the condition of the soil.

4. For preventive work, treatment with Pentafag C is suitable, this drug protects the apple tree from fungus.

5. Many diseases will bypass the tree if treatment with Planriz is performed. This drug is as safe as possible, therefore it is used at any period of apple tree development.

6. Pests that gnaw foliage are exterminated by Lepidocide. This is a drug that kills the musculoskeletal system of the pest.

Biological agents cannot harm plants, people and animals, therefore they are used at any time.

Note: Many gardeners protect the tree using urea. Since it refers to a mineral supplement consisting of nitrogen. Such processing can also be carried out at any time of the year and at any period of development of the apple tree.

Moreover, if urea is added every summer, then it will serve not only as a means of protection, but also as a fertilizer.

To prepare a solution from this substance, you need water, in the amount of 10 liters, copper sulfate 50 grams, urea 800 grams.

Chemicals.

This category is rarely used. Usually, during the very first treatment or with complex lesions, and then at certain periods of development of the apple tree. This is due to the fact that the chemicals are very strong and can be detrimental to the apple tree.

1.Copper sulfate is used to disinfect the soil or surface of the apple tree.

To prepare the solution, you will need about 10 grams per 10 liters. And during processing, 90 grams are taken per 10 liters.

2. Treatment with fungicides is effective against many pests. For example, it is possible to carry out the treatment with a speed, only it must be carried out by the foliar method in sunless weather. For 10 liters of water, 5 milliliters of the substance is taken. The temperature should be +20 or more, only without an active sun.

3. Treatment with Karbofos is used in the presence of a pest, 70 grams of the substance must be added to 10 liters of water.

4. Treatment with Hom fungicide will help get rid of both diseases and pests. For 10 liters of water, 45 grams of the drug is used.

5.Using the Spark is used for aphid infestation. Since the drug is sold in tablets, then 1 piece must be added to 10 liters of water.

Note: When processing, do it carefully and carefully so as not to damage the apple tree. It is only necessary to add solutions of the correct concentration.

Folk recipes.

This category belongs to the safest, but also not the most effective, since not every disease or pest can be exterminated by these drugs.

1. A solution containing shag and soap can be used as a prophylaxis. For the solution, you need 5 liters of water, 200 grams of makhorka and 20 grams of laundry soap, which must be grated.

2. Garlic infusion is often used by gardeners from pests. For cooking, you need to take 500 grams of garlic heads and 5 liters of warm water. The slices must be well crushed and only then added to the water. The infusion should be infused for 3-6 hours, after which it is filtered and diluted with water in a 1: 1 ratio.

3.To prepare the next solution, you need to take 200 grams of ash and 5 liters of water, and also add 20 grams of urea. Stir well and carry out root application.

Note: It is best to use folk recipes as a preventive measure, since they will protect the appearance of diseases and pests, but they have a weak effect for getting rid of or treating them.

Correct processing.

It is necessary to protect the apple tree throughout the season, it is necessary not only to carry out processing, but also to take care of the crop, removing weed debris from the soil, pruning and shaping the crown.

The choice of a spray gun for treatment is very important, it must turn the solution into water dust. They are usually sold in specialty shops dedicated to the garden and vegetable garden. Other spray guns will not work as they have too large holes and do not grind the water to the desired state.

Also, the correctness of processing depends on the state in which the apple tree is.

1.Bloom.

At this time, it is necessary to process the apple tree in order to fight against diseases or pests, if they are not there, then just carry out prevention. Any treatment should only be done before the kidneys are still at rest.

You can use Captana or Chlorophos, these are chemical preparations.

2.Fruiting.

During this period, it is necessary to process the plant with Skor or Fitosporin.

3.Collection of fruits.

After the gardener has collected the entire crop, it is necessary to carry out processing before wintering, it should be carried out as a preventive measure. Usually they use Entomacterin, copper sulfate or urea.

How many treatments should be done per season?

Usually 4-5 treatments are required.

1.The very first treatment is carried out before the buds have blossomed. It is carried out in order to protect against diseases.

2. The next processing is carried out at the moment when the blooming has begun.

3. The third treatment is considered prophylactic and therapeutic, it is carried out during the period when the plant is actively blooming.

4. After the buds have been tied, it is necessary to carry out the treatment against the fungus.

5. The final spraying is carried out 15 days after harvest.