Clematis. Landing.

Beautiful flower-Clematis, has a second name-lozinka or clematis. It comes from the Buttercup family. Perennial, herbaceous plant, woody species. This representative grows mainly in the subtropics or the temperate latitude of the northern side of the hemisphere. There are more than 300 varieties of this genus, they have significant differences in comparison with each other. Climbing liana plant. Many experienced flower growers claim that with such a beautiful, diverse in appearance, powerful flower, you can create a whole garden of beautiful beauty.

Clematis. Peculiarities

Each type of plant has its own peculiarity and significant external differences from each other. The crop can be a shrub, a shrub, even a simple herb, but the main variety is a vine. The root system is divided into two types: pivotal, a plant with such a root very poorly tolerates any type of transplant; fibrous, it is quite capable of easily acclimatizing after interfering with the growing process. In the first season, after transplanting, the stems of the plant are relatively thin, woody plants are distinguished by the presence of light faceted shoots, in herbaceous species, the roots are green in color, rounded. These shoots develop from ground buds on older stems, otherwise, from the underground part of the bush. Leaves develop in two types: complex (from 3 to 7 leaves), simple in development. The foliage is predominantly green in color, but there are a small number of species with a purple leaf color. Inflorescences also differ in species change, small-shaped, semi-umbilical and corymbose forms. You can find single inflorescences. Most of the flowers are sepals, with up to 7-8 leaves in a flower.

A rare phenomenon is double flowers, where the number of petals reaches 70 pieces. Simple flowers in the core have many pistils and stamens, in appearance they resemble a hairy spider. The color palette of inflorescences is very diverse in shades. Each flower, individually, lives no more than 20 days. The scent of most flowers is similar to jasmine, the scent of primrose, even an almond scent is present in some species of this plant. The ripe fruit has a lot of seeds.

Seed growing.

The process begins with the correct sowing of seeds. Thanks to the many varieties and types of this plant, some of the more experienced gardeners are making attempts to select Clematis. A lot of invention is not required in this case. It is only necessary to successfully grow the selected plant species from seeds. The size of the seeds for the entire variety of a given plant is different, the time interval (duration) of seed germination depends on this.

By the size of the seeds, the flower is divided into 3 subgroups:
- a plant with large seeds: Jacqueman, Durant, woolly, purple and many others. The seeds of these representatives germinate unevenly, for a long period of up to 8 months, in some cases even longer;
- a plant with an average seed size can germinate in six months. For example: six-petal, whole-leaved, Douglas and other species;
-Owners of plants with small seeds will be able to observe very friendly, fairly fast germination of seeds in the very near future, almost 16 weeks after sowing. For example: grape-leaved, tangut and other plant representatives.

The most optimal option for choosing a suitable planting material will be seeds collected during the current season. Seeds can be stored for up to 4 years, their germination remains of excellent quality. You just need to place the seeds in paper bags and store in a room with an air temperature of no more than 23 degrees.

Each plant has different time periods for growing seedlings. Representatives with large seeds must be sown immediately after the autumn harvest, the sowing time can be shifted to the first winter weeks. A plant with medium seeds is sown at the end of the winter holidays. Small-seeded clematis begins to be sown only in late March and early April. For faster, more efficient germination, the seed must be prepared. Preparation begins in about 1.5 weeks, it is necessary to soak in water at room temperature, change the water 5 times a day. Simultaneously with the preparation of the seeds, it is necessary to prepare the container and the necessary soil. Chose a container for sowing, fill it with a mixture of soil consisting of peat, earth and sand in a ratio of equal to one part. Moisten the prepared substrate, distribute the seeds in an even single layer. Cover a layer of seeds with sand, the thickness of the layer is equal to about 3 diameters of the selected seed size. Sowing lightly tamp, be sure to cover with glass or a very fine mesh, a container with sown seeds. For rapid germination of seedlings, the container can be removed to a warm room with an air temperature of 25-30 degrees. Watering the seeds should be carried out periodically, the process should take place through the pallet, otherwise there is a possibility of washing the seeds out of the soil. If weeds appear in the seedlings, it must be removed.

Growing seedlings. Caring for her.

After the seedlings emerge, we rearrange the container to a more illuminated place, but it is necessary to protect the seedlings from direct sunlight. The appearance of the first true leaves in seedlings suggests that it is necessary to pick into separate, small containers, pots. Further cultivation takes place at home until the period of transplantation in open ground. When the weather is warm enough outside and there is no threat of frost return, the seedlings can be planted in a permanent place of growth, in open ground.

A site for transplanting a flower, it is advisable to choose a more shaded, soil on the site of a necessarily light composition. Strictly observe the distance between each plant, not less than 20 centimeters. At first, you need to systematically pinch the plant. This action is necessary so that the first efforts were made to strengthen the root system of the bushes, and also contributes to the formation of more lush bushiness. Each plant must be covered before wintering. In spring, Clematis plants must be transplanted into a trench, not very deep, up to 7 centimeters, and the distance between each bush is already increasing to 0.5 meters. The stems must be shortened, leaving only a few nodes from the base. After 2-3 years, the length of the roots can reach 15 centimeters, to the number of at least 3 solid roots should be formed. Only then can you move the beautiful Clematis to a completely permanent place, perhaps even to form a hedge.

Open ground planting rules.

Any gardener, especially a beginner, is faced with the question of how to choose the right time for planting seedlings in an open space? An important point must be emphasized.The choice of such a time should be according to the rules, it is also necessary to choose the right site where you will arrange your flowers for temporary residence. There must be a protective device against a draft, the site must be sunny, but the presence of a shade at noon in such a site is a rather favorable condition. The composition of the soil is necessarily slightly alkaline, sufficiently filled with nutrients, loamy content. Good drainage and sufficient fertilization of the site are all the necessary conditions for the successful cultivation of Klimatis. The presence of a small mound, or the creation of one artificially, is recommended when planting a plant. The root system of the plant, with the continuation of growth, reaches a length of 1 meter, therefore, hilly conditions will be able to protect the root system from the effects of groundwater, prevent root decay in stagnant water. For nutrition, Clematis has a negative attitude towards fresh manure or saturated sour peat. Do not allow sewage from the canopy or roof to enter if you have identified a permanent growing site by the fence. The minimum distance between the fence and the plant is at least 30 cm.

Planting seedlings is possible in spring, also in autumn. If the seedling was purchased in a store, you can plant it in the summer, in the fall and in the spring. The acquired seedling in late autumn must be stored until spring. What needs to be done for this? Be sure to place in a cool room, at a temperature not higher and not lower than 4-6 degrees. Cover the root system in the container with a mixture of sand and sawdust, be sure to slightly moisten the mixture. Pinching regularly to restrain the growth of the plant, with fragile roots and a desire for light, the flower can stretch out strongly.

The moment has come to plant the plant. It is necessary to carefully examine the root system. Place the dried roots in a container of water for 3-5 hours, the water should be cold. After swelling of the roots, you can start planting.

Spring landing.

In the presence of a cool climate in the region of residence, the planting is carried out in the last days of April, possibly at the beginning of May. The presence of at least one solid stem in a spring seedling is required. We make a planting pit, cubic in shape with sides equal to 60 cm. Be sure to equip a good drainage layer, up to 15 cm. Finely broken bricks and crushed stone are perfect for drainage. Perlite is recommended from the purchased material. The soil, poor in composition with nutrients, must be filled with the missing composition. Experienced flower growers recommend applying such a composition to the soil, in the selected area, a year before planting. Simultaneously with planting, it is necessary to install supports for the stems of the plant. The support must be removable, at least 2.5 meters in height. Such a structure saves the vine from a sharp gust of wind. Let's continue with the rules for creating a landing pit. We pour a layer of soil on top of the drainage, forming a small mound, and adapt the plant for formation. Carefully straighten the roots, begin to fill the hole with the already prepared soil mixture. We deepen the root collar of the plant no more than 10 cm. An insignificant part of the trunk, up to the first node, remains under the soil. After filling the pit with soil, the sides should remain, up to 10 cm high. Slightly compact the finished pit with the seedling and pour 10 liters of water. After watering, the soil around the seedling is sprinkled with peat. Over time, the soil settles, therefore, it is necessary to periodically pour soil into the groove around the plant, in spring and in summer. Observe the distance between seedlings, at least one meter.

Planting in the fall.

Residents of the southern regions, where a warm climate prevails, plant the plant in the fall, to be more precise, in late September and early October. However, the process is carried out only if the flower has sufficiently developed vegetative buds. Autumn planting of Clematis does not particularly differ from planting in spring.The only moment is that the planting pit in this planting method is completely covered with soil mixture, the sides should not remain. After covering with soil, cover with dry leaves around the seedling and cover with any, handy or purchased, material for insulation before wintering. In the spring, after the cold has completely receded, remove the covering material, dig up the soil to a depth of about 10 cm, and get a small depression. Throughout the summer period, we begin to slowly add soil, preferably with nutrients. It is necessary to remove the layer of winter soil to facilitate the germination of young shoots from the soil.

So, it can be emphasized that there is not much difference between planting in the fall and spring planting. Almost the same actions. It is only necessary to take into account the climatic conditions of residence.

Flower care in the garden.

The process of growing the selected plant in garden conditions is quite simple according to the rules of agricultural technology. The flower is very fond of moisture (only stagnation of water is excluded), watering must be carried out at least once a week, the amount of water must be sufficient for the plant.If the weather is hot during the summer season, watering should be done more often, about 2-3 times in 7 days ... A young seedling needs at least 2 buckets of water for watering, an adult plant is watered in an amount of 4 buckets. It is recommended to cover the soil around the plant with a layer of mulch in the spring. If you have not done this, then throughout the season it is necessary to loosen the soil around the bush after each watering, observing the interval between watering and loosening in one day. Any weeds around the plant are removed. Using mulching during the spring period, you reduce the cost of your efforts, you will need to loosen less often and there are no problems with weeding. The amount of watering required is reduced. For mulching, you can use humus, moss, or peat.

When you plant the plant according to the rules, add the necessary nutrients, the recommended fertilizers, the next year there is no need for feeding. Excess nutrition, the introduction of additional fertilizers in the first year of the seedling's life, can contribute to the decay of the root system of an immature plant. When the active growth of the flower begins, it is recommended to feed Clematis with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. When forming buds, use a diet rich in potassium. When flowering ends, the plant needs phosphorus nutrition. In the case when the plant is pruned in the summer, be sure to feed it with a complex, mineral content, dilute 20 g of the composition with a bucket of water. You can additionally use a copper solution. Every spring feed the plant with lime milk (composition: chalk and dolmitic flour), the bush has a very positive attitude to such additives. During active flowering, any feeding completely stops, from the introduction of such, the activity of growth and flowering slows down. Prolonged rains during the summer season can adversely affect the plant, rot may form in the root system zone, to prevent this problem, sprinkle the soil around the bush with ordinary wood ash.

Support construction.

Clematis is a climbing plant, therefore, in any case, it is necessary to make various supports. You can build it yourself, or it is possible to purchase it in special stores: fan-type structures, various pyramids and arches. Any chosen design is suitable for a given plant, it is only necessary to take into account the diameter of the place where the vines catch on the support, at least 10 mm. With the gradual growth of the flower, the mass of the creeper, respectively, increases. A support device must be purchased in accordance with this fact, the material needs to be strong enough to withstand such a plant's weight.Now there is a wide variety of different devices, for example, a mesh support in the form of a cylinder. When the plant completely wraps around such a support, a beautiful picture is formed, ideal for decorating your garden. Growing inside the mesh fence, the liana closes the mesh with its foliage.

Reproduction.

Many novice florists are interested in the question of how to properly propagate a beautiful plant for your garden. The main cultivation comes from seed. We will analyze how to do this correctly below.

In general, reproduction can take place in three ways: seed, vegetative (bush division, autumn and summer layering), pinning of a young shoot.

A little about vegetative division. The bush must be chosen not young, at least 6 years old. But even older, the plant will not work due to the presence of a very powerful root system, it will be quite difficult to cope with it. Remove the selected bush from the ground, carefully remove the remnants of the earth from the roots. We use secateurs for work. Divide the bush into several parts, it is important to observe the division, so that on each separate part there are buds for the further development of the separated shoots.

Want to get a cut? Autumn is a great time to get cuttings. For this, in mid-October, the foliage is completely removed. Cut off the entire part of the bush that has finished flowering to the very first bud, necessarily developed, from the root base. The cut shoots must be placed in specially formed grooves, and a layer of peat should be laid on the bottom of the depression. We fix the stems, sprinkle on top with a peat layer, after a layer of soil, tamp. Before the onset of frost, buried shoots must be covered. You can use ordinary coniferous branches (spruce branches) for this purpose, as well as dried foliage. At the onset of the first warm spring days, after the last snow cover disappears, the insulation is removed. We begin the planting site regularly, it is enough to water abundantly. Have the first shoots appeared? Around each we mulch the soil surface using peat or humus. Already in the fall, most of the young shoots can be determined for a permanent growing place. For this, it is recommended to use a special pitchfork in order to exclude any damage to young roots. You can, of course, experiment and lay layering in the summer, but in this case it is necessary to take into account that the percentage of death of young shoots in the winter is very high.

In spring, it is possible to use pinning the stems, while choosing the shoots from the last season, find a knot and pin this place into a pot that is already filled with a mixture of peat and loose soil. We dig the pots into the ground to a depth just below the topsoil on the site. You continue to regularly water the main plant, and after watering, moisture accumulates in the pots, while constant moisture is formed, it is necessary to add soil, forming a small mound. By the beginning of autumn, with good care, young seedlings should be formed.

Pests and diseases dangerous for the plant.

The most common disease among such crops is Withering, the fungal origin of this infection carries with it a large-scale, rapid spread, since it is known that the fungus spreads by spores, this method has a fleeting and broad spectrum of action. The first signs of the presence of such a disease are wilting and subsequent drying of the branches, the elasticity of the plant tissue is lost. Almost all pathogens with similar symptoms begin their vigorous activity in the root system of the plant, affecting it in the first place. As with any crop, initial preventive actions can be used. The first is to strictly adhere to agricultural techniques when planting. Symptoms of this disease can be observed in the spring and take action.At the beginning of May, all parts of the plant affected by the fungus must be removed, the main plant is spilled with Fundazol solution, right under the base of the bush. We strictly observe the concentrate, no more than 2%. When a bush has a large-scale lesion, it must be completely removed and must be burned, and disinfection must be carried out throughout the entire area using the same agent. Such solutions help to cure gray mold and powdery mildew.

Another, no less dangerous, disease of fungal origin is rust. The disease manifests itself in the spring, the lesion occurs on the leaf surface of the plant, infection of the stem is possible. Symptoms are expressed by orange pads. Over a period of time, the color of the foliage changes to brown, complete drying of the affected leaf cover occurs. The stems are prone to deformation. At the moment when the infection is partial, it is possible to save the plant, use a mixture of Bordeaux liquid, the concentration is not more than 2%. Oxyhom or copper oxychloride is also suitable.

The end of the summer period can upset the appearance of such a disease as Necrosis. In this case, foliage and stem again suffer. The affected parts become velvety, gray, dark in color. Midsummer can threaten the next infection - ascochitosis. The leaf plate is damaged, necrotic specks are formed, irregularly shaped.

Cylindrosporiasis is also a dangerous disease for foliage, spots appear, bright yellow in color. For all of the above diseases, you can use products containing copper in the composition. For example, copper sulfate, percentage-1%. As we have found out, Clematis can be susceptible to fungal diseases. But this plant has a well-developed immunity to viral diseases.

There is one disease - yellow mosaic. The spread of the infection is the sucking parasitic insects. Infection of the bush occurs very rapidly, but methods of curing such a sore have not yet been invented. For this reason, the affected bush is immediately dug up and burned. The area where the bush was located must be disinfected with improvised means, immediately.

Take note! Try to choose a site for growing Clematis next to such plants: phlox, peony, delphinium, sweet peas. Such cultures very easily and often suffer from mosaic damage.

In the case when, seemingly healthy in appearance, the bushes begin to decay rapidly, perhaps a gall or leaf nematode has appeared on your plantings. You definitely have to dig out such bushes. When digging, inspect the root system, inspect carefully. When nodules are found on the roots, there is no doubt that the plant is affected. Planting Clematis is strictly prohibited on this site for several years. The contradiction to this fact is a waste of effort and time.

Pruning rules.

According to all the rules of agricultural technology, it is necessary to cut the plant when active growth occurs. This should be done only if absolutely necessary, for example, to extend the flowering period, also before the winter period. As mentioned above in our article, the plant is divided into 3 groups. Pruning must be carried out based on the characteristics of each of the groups.

-first group-A, when flowers appear on last year's shoots. In this case, only the weakest stems are cut. The whole process takes place at the beginning of summer, after the full flowering of the bush. In the last autumn month, pruned bushes are high up;

-second group-B... This group includes flowering shoots of the past and current year. At this stage, shorten the shoots from 50 to 100 cm, be sure to leave at least 3 pairs of active buds. The most weakened stems are completely cut out, just below the base. The shortened plant must be removed from the support (before wintering), folded very carefully and placed at the roots;

-group number 3-C... In this case, flowering occurs only on young shoots of the current year. During the growing season, such a plant is cut off several times. During the fall, such a bush must be pruned to the very base, near the soil. It is allowed to leave an insignificant height of the shoot.

Features of the plant at the end of flowering.

but

In late autumn, the active preparation of the plant for the winter period begins. The first step is to carefully cut off the entire leaf cover from the vine. Treat the root collar and adjacent areas of the shoot with a 2% solution of copper sulfate. It is necessary to add humus, one bucket to the center of the bush. This must be done in dry weather, after which the bush must be piled up to a height of 15 cm, with the composition of wood ash and sand in a ratio of 1 bucket of sand + 250 grams of ash. When a harsh winter is foreseen, the plant must be insulated. It is possible to use the following method: carefully roll up the shoots, define them around the base of the bush, sprinkle with dry foliage, you can use spruce branches or foam. Place a wooden box on top of a dry shelter, the plant should receive air. We take any covering material and cover the box on top. The selected material should not allow moisture to pass through, for example, roofing felt, roofing felt and the like. The corners of the placed material must be pressed with weight, for example bricks, earth, stones. If you use soil or peat, then the thickness is at least 25 cm. All such weights are necessary so that your shelter is not blown away by strong gusts of wind. In the spring, first remove only the ground, peat, and material shelter. When there is no threat for the return of frost, you can safely remove the rest: a box, spruce branches, foliage. Carefully straighten all rolled shoots, wait for the stems to straighten, only then adapt to a permanent basis.

Features of species and varieties.

As we said, there is a wide variety, the classification of Clematis. Allocate:
-M.A.Beskaravaynoy, in this case, the origin is taken into account due to the maternal direction;
-taxonomic direction of the M. Tamura system;
- other classifications of L. Bailey, A. Raider and many others.

Amateur gardeners, as well as beginners in this business, prefer the simplest classification of a plant, according to flower size: small flowers, medium size and large-flowered direction. This classification is used by a wide range of florists. But a more convenient, easily applicable classification can be emphasized:
-A-flowers develop on the shoots of the last season;
-B-shoots bloom both this and last year;
-C-flowering prevails only on the shoot of this season.

Further in the article, we will consider the various, most popular, Clematis varieties, in relation to each of the groups listed above.

A-first group.

—Alpina(alpine clematis) -liana of such a bush reaches a height of three meters, leafy, leathery plates of a rather stately size. Flowers of blue color, active flowering begins in August. Such plantings are preferred to be used as curbs. The most popular varieties in this direction:

Artagena Franchi-liana grows up to 240 cm, bell-shaped inflorescences of blue color with a white core, are located downward;

-Albina Plena-height about 2.8 meters, white double flowers, bloom May-June;

-Pamela Jackman-the height of the stems is up to 3 meters, the flowers of a drooping form are purple, blue in length up to 7 cm. The flowering process is from April to June. There is a second flowering period from the middle to the end of the summer season. The abundance of color formation is less abundant when compared with the first option.

—Florida(flowering clematis) - liana of woody formation, up to 3 meters high, large single flowers, fragrant aroma, color range with a predominance of light shades. The presence of two-color varieties is observed. We list the most popular varieties in this direction:

Vyvyan Pennell - a rather high liana, about 3.5 meters, blue double inflorescences up to 15 cm in diameter;

The kid is a less tall liana, no higher than 1 meter, the color of the flowers is slightly purple, the presence of a blue tint is possible, the diameter of the flower is about 14 cm;

Jeanne d Arc-rather fragrant terry inflorescences, white, attractive compactness of flowers allows them to look more magnified in relation to the undersized bush. This variety is frost-resistant, good tolerance to direct sunlight, developed immunity to dark areas and most dangerous diseases.

—Montana(mountain clematis) is a magnificent plant in relation to other representatives, the liana is almost 9 meters long, the leaves have a pointed shape, in the collection of a bunch of up to five pieces. Flowers of white color are located on a long peduncle, stamens of yellow color, beautiful flowers up to 5 cm in diameter. Such varieties are not endowed with resistance to winter cold. We list the representatives of this direction:

Rubens-liana woody, very rapid growth, reaches six meters. The leaves are pointed, trifoliate, slightly oval in shape, with a bronze tint. Flowers of red-pink color, located in the bud up to 5 pieces, up to 6 cm diameter of the inflorescence. The plant is quite light-loving, very lush flowering during the period of activity;

Montana Grandifiora-vine shoots are not very dignified, only up to 5 meters, the leaf plate is trifoliate, collected in bunches. The flowers are medium-sized, no more than 5 cm in diameter, the aroma of the inflorescences attracts with its tenderness in the aroma, form a bunch of several pieces, The color of the sepals is white-pink, or the predominant white tone. May-June is the time for flowering.

B-second group.

—Lanuginose(woolly clematis) - no more than 2.5 meters in length of this liana, shrub species. Inflorescences of a single type look quite impressive, in diameter they can reach up to 20 cm, a varied color palette, white, pink and blue tones. May-June-last year's shoots begin to bloom actively, the second stage for the formation of flowers is the end of the summer period, but already on young shoots of this season.

The most popular varieties of this subgroup can be emphasized:

Madame le cult-shoots reach a length of up to 0.3 meters, leaf plates of various forms (simple, lobed, whole), white inflorescences, up to 20 cm in diameter, inner anthers of light colors. July is the time of flowering for representatives of the direction. Medium tolerance winter cold resistance;

Hybrida Sieboldii- liana has stems up to 3 meters long, the size of flowers in diameter does not exceed 16 cm, flowers are of pale lilac color, the edge of petals is of a dark tone of the same color, anthers attract with their originality, distinctive from the general, red-brown tone, end of July; September is a fairly long flowering time;

Lawsoniana-shrub liana with a stem up to 3 meters long, trifoliate leaf plates are most often found, although there is an exception with the presence of simple leaf formation, the oval shape of the leaves, the flowers have a wonderful aroma, the size of the crossbar is 18 cm, they form lilac or purple buds, in the middle, anthers of a dark color are obligatory, flowering occurs in two stages, summer May-June, autumn, weaker in quantity and splendor.

—Patens(sprawling clematis) -liana of shrub origin, up to 3.5 meters long, large in cross-section, flowers over 15 cm, a wide variety of color palette, from white to dark blue, varieties can be found in two colors. The shape of the inflorescences is possible double, simple, zvechata, abundant flowering end of May-last days of June, occurs on the shoots of the last season. In the autumn period, you can observe repeated flowering, but not so lush, the number of inflorescences is several times less, mainly the shoots of this season bloom. Well-developed resistance to the winter period.

Consider the most common varieties of this group:

Joan pikton-the length of the shoots of the liana reach 300 cm, rather large inflorescences, almost 22-25 cm in the cross-bar. The color of the flowers is a pale lilac tone, a lilac shade prevails, the edge of the petals is slightly wavy, the anthers are red, there is a very lush, abundant flowering;

Multi Blue-high liana, up to 2.5 meters, double flowers, blue and purple, up to 14 cm in cross-section, multi-tiered arrangement along the stem. June-August is the time of active flowering.

C-third group.

—Jacqueman-This liana occurred as a result of crossing Viticella and Lanuginoza. The main composition of this group is large lianas, shrub species, up to 6 meters in height, well-developed root system, leaf plates of complex shape, pinnate, up to 5 leaves in formation, large, elongated buds, flowers of this species can be single or three flower in one inflorescence. The peculiarity is that there is no specific aroma, different directions - upward and in different directions. The color scheme is very diverse, only a white tone is absent, up to 20 cm across. There is an exception and flowers no more than 8 cm in diameter. The flowering period is very abundant and for a long time, mainly on the shoots of this season. Such representatives must be cut off before the winter season to the ground level, perhaps simply shortening to the presence of 5 active buds.

Among this group, the following varieties can be distinguished, which are popular among flower growers:

Rouge Cardinal-liana grows up to 250 cm, trifoliate leaf plate, flowers are mainly cruciform, up to 15 cm in cross-section, velvety surface, purple dark color, July-September is the time of flowering. Medium-developed frost resistance. The variety has many awards for its excellent varietal characteristics;

Star of india- this liana, in size of stems, reaches 3 meters, a leaf plate of a complex structure, up to 5 lobed leaves, a pointed oval shape. The flowers are quite open, 15 cm in cross-section, a peculiarity in a diamond-shaped shape, the color is saturated, of a violet tone, a strip in the middle of the petals is decorated with a purple color. Sufficiently lush flowering, long period-mid-summer-end of the summer season;

Gipsy queen- up to 3.5 meters, a liana reaches a length, in which there are almost 15 independent shoots. The complex shape of the leaf plates, the flowers are open and reach 15 cm in size. The velvety surface of the inflorescences, the color is saturated, purple, there is almost no fading in the sun. A feature in the color of the anthers, they differ in color, dark, burgundy tone. Very lush, abundant flowering, unusually long, mid-summer, until the first frost. It tolerates shading well, about 20 flowers are formed on one shoot. Immunity to fungal disease is well developed; Bella-liana size is less majestic, no more than 2 meters, star-shaped inflorescences, no more than 15 cm in size, at the beginning of flowering a slightly yellow hue, over time the color turns into a pure white tone. The plant is very resistant to the winter period, immunity to fungal diseases. June-September is the time for flowering.

-Viticella (purple clematis)- color of inflorescences - all permissible shades of purple, simple shaping, up to 20 cm in cross-section, vine stalks up to 3.5 meters. Rapid growth. It's time for an abundant, active, lush bloom - June-September. Popular varieties:

Ville de Lyon-liana-shrub. Up to 15 stems in one formation, the length of which does not exceed 3.5 meters. Complex shaped sheet plates. Peduncles are elongated, red in color;

Viola-liana not more than 250 cm, trifoliate leaf plate, lush flowering, July-October. Dark purple color of inflorescences.

-Integrifolia (whole-leaved clematis)- a shrub not adapted to clinging to a support. Height is no more than 2.5 meters. Flowers of drooping shape, of various colors, resemble bells.

Popular varieties:

Duran- belongs to the number of the most attractive, beautiful owners of large-sized flowers, hybrid, no more than 2 meters in height, climbing plant. Oval shaped leaves, resistant to sunlight, drooping inflorescences, blue or purple color. July-October is the time for lush flowering;

Memory of the heart- liana not more than 200 meters in height, bell-shaped inflorescence. Lush flowering occurs in July-October.

Small-flowered Clematis-liana has a fast growth rate. Small white flowers, the height of the liana is very majestic, reaching 500 cm. July-August is the time of flowering.

-Tangusky Clematis- liana is fast-growing, has high growth and small, multiple flowers, bell-shaped, yellow color. The peculiarity of the plant is that it is possible to collect seeds. Increased resistance to winter cold. Shelter is not required.

Conclusion

We have considered almost all common varieties that are used by experienced breeders in their developments. From the disassembled material, we can conclude: a beautiful plant can be grown in any region of residence, it is enough just to know and follow the simple rules of agricultural technology used for this plant.