Diseases of the currant

Diseases of the currant can harm the crop, even completely destroy it. Any varieties are susceptible to infection. There are simply more stable ones. But all the same, preventive methods are needed that can prevent the formation of danger.

Do not under any circumstances run the detected problem. The consequences will be irreparable. In all varieties of currants, red, white, black, diseases and pests are almost the same.

Currant diseases: preventive measures

Currant is a berry bush. Its popularity is rooted in the distant past. The peculiarity comes from the presence of a strong fruit aroma. Over a long period, breeders bred more and more new varieties of currants.

Today, there are hundreds of varieties. The culture is considered medicinal. It is famous for the presence of a large amount of nutrients. The composition of the fruit contains trace elements, sugar, organic acids necessary for a person.

Traditional medicine often uses the valuable composition of currants. However, by bringing invaluable benefits to people, culture itself can get sick. Without human help, the plant is unlikely to cope with the problem that has arisen.

If you do not provide help in time, the death of not only one bush may occur. But also the mass destruction of all cultural plantings of your garden. Therefore, only a serious approach to crop cultivation can bring long-awaited results. You will be able to enjoy a wonderful harvest from your garden.

Common currant diseases

The beginning of spring is the start for the initial care of currants. Especially if the landings are not single. Below we will consider the most popular currant diseases. As well as pests. Methods of prevention and methods of treatment of all dangerous appearances on currants.

Anthracnose

Disease of fungal origin. Signals that the disease has appeared can be observed in the summer. Typically mid-July. The symptomatology is the same for almost all varieties. Small spots of red and brown colors are formed. A slight tuberosity forms in the middle of this speck. The whole process begins to hit the leaf plate.

There is a gradual increase in spotting. The leaf is completely affected, forming one large brown-red spot. As a result, the leaves simply dry up. And also fall prematurely.

What is the threat of anthracnose?

If you do not respond in time, the plant will become infected completely. Because the fungus spreads very easily.Sometimes a simple breeze is enough. And the spread can go to the next bush. All types of currants suffer from the disease. But especially weak immunity to such a disease in red varieties.

The rainy season becomes the most dangerous for the diseased plant and the most comfortable for the activity of the fungus. Spores of the fungus are very resistant to even the most severe winter. They hide in the plant debris left in the fall under a bush. Treatment should be immediate, as soon as the first signs of a sore are found.

Diseases of the currant. How to treat anthracnose?

Apply Bordeaux liquid. For a bucket of water, 100 grams of the drug. Spraying is carried out immediately after even small foci have been found. If spread is avoided, re-spraying after the last harvest.

Simple prevention can completely prevent the appearance of the disease on your plantings. You must completely collect and destroy all residues from your garden. It would be best to burn it. If you dug up a diseased bush, it is not recommended to plant a new one at this place. Because the fungus lives for a long time in the bowels of the soil. But this disease may not be dangerous for another culture. Therefore, you can take the free space with other plantings.

Currant diseases: Powdery dew

Another disease is marsupial fungus, the causative agent of dew. There are no barriers for this fungus at all. None of the varieties are completely immune to this disease. If in the first case the fungus affects only the leaf cover, then the dew harms the entire plant. Again, the middle of the summer season falls on the identification of the first signs of the appearance of the fungus.

It is expressed in the following features:

• a loose white bloom is formed on the leaf cover;
• further there is an accelerated spread to branches and fruits.

Dew itself is a rarer, but dangerous disease of the currant. But prevention and a quick response when a problem occurs can save a culture from complete infection. And also further death.

Powdery mildew treatment

Even with the most imperceptible signs of the appearance of a fungus, spray with Fitosporin. Use the drug strictly according to the attached instructions. Ordinary iodine can help fight. A 5% solution is diluted in a bucket of water. Spray.

A short break, 4-5 days. And you can re-spray. There are cases when even two stages of irrigation are not enough. Then we use copper sulfate 1%. Take about 7 liters of liquid and mix with a teaspoon of powder.

The cause of the appearance of the fungus may be the not very healthy state of the bush. On the face of a violation of the rules of agricultural technology. It is necessary to systematically feed. For the plant to develop correctly. And also received a sufficient amount of nutrients necessary for the formation of a strong immunity. Proper care will also help to avoid an infection situation.

Currant diseases: septoria

It is also called white spot. Disease leading to massive drying and leaf fall. Already in the last days of May, the first signs of the presence of the disease can be observed. It manifests itself in the form of barely noticeable specks of brown and red color. First appearance on the leaves. Preference is given to the place between the veins.

Gradually, the leaf is brightened in the center. A brown border is formed at the edge. The same thing happens on shoots, petioles. The spots spread smoothly over the surface. They deepen. And ulcers are also formed. The appearance of fruit ulcers is slightly different. They are flat in shape.

The disease spreads slowly. Therefore, you can observe the gradual death of the bush. Development almost stops. The bush has no growth. And also the fruits are significantly smaller. Most of the buds simply do not bud. Young shoots begin to dry out rapidly.

Black currant varieties are more susceptible to this disease than others. Dried, fallen leaves are the cause, the causative agent of this disease. Very thickened plantings of currants, prolonged wet weather - these factors contribute to the formation of Septoria.

Diseases of currants, prevention of septoria

Planting material must be purchased only of good quality. If you have doubts about the quality, it is better to play it safe. Carry out disinfection with special means of a plant that has not yet been planted.

On the site before planting, especially after, it is necessary to collect all plant residues every season before wintering. Always incinerate the collected waste. If you did not have time to rip off in the autumn, carry out this procedure in the spring. Very early, when the sores have not yet woken up from hibernation.

In autumn and spring, it is necessary to carefully dig up all the free soil near and under the bush. Systematic thinning of each bush. The best option would be to maintain the required distance between the bushes. And also more space, more ventilation.

Drugs for the treatment of septoria

The use of copper sulfate and Bordeaux liquid for spraying in the spring, during the budding period, will serve as a method of struggle. And also simple prevention.

During the growing season, spraying with drugs is advised to be carried out no more than three times. Before flowering. Directly during large-scale flowering. And also after harvesting berries.

Regular application to the soil, strictly under the bush, of mineral fertilizers. And also fertilizers with microelements. The minimum amount of the drug for an area of ​​10 sq. meters - 6 grams. Copper, zinc, boron - these are the elements that any plant needs for proper, healthy development.

Rust

Such an infection, which can be detected at any time during the entire growing season.

Goblet rust. Hillocks are formed on the leaf cover. Slightly convex. They resemble warts. They are light orange in color. You can see such noticeable signs of rust with the naked eye. They resemble rather large orange pads. They are located on the underside of the leaves.

Deformation of the fruit occurs. Berry growth stops. Falling off occurs not even ripe fruits. The disease itself is of fungal origin, but in a mild form. Because only once disputes are formed, at the beginning of summer. Therefore, the fight against the disease is slightly simplified in this situation. Its reappearance during the growing season is impossible.

Currant diseases: rust spread

The fungus itself cannot be completely eradicated. Therefore, if you are fighting a disease on one bush, all the rest are subject to urgent prevention. You can't do without it. Otherwise, the fungus will easily spread to neighboring plantings. And the problem can triple. And even grow. It all depends on the number of currant bushes in your area.

Treated bushes are able to fight disease. Therefore, closer to autumn, the fungus quietly passes to simple grass. As well as neighboring plants that have nothing to do with currants. For example sedge, an excellent wintering place for rust. And spend the winter safely there.

Rust prevention

The increased humidity and the growth of sedge in the vicinity of the culture allow the mycelium to form favorably. There are a number of steps you can take to prevent rust:

• no sedge plantings in the vicinity of currants, if even the slightest vegetation has appeared, urgently destroy, at a distance of at least 500 meters;
• if the site is too wet, drain the soil;
• spraying with Bordeaux liquid for prophylaxis in the development process is honored, the second time after currant flowering.

Currant diseases: Columnar rust

Again, the leaves are affected. Only in appearance with small dots.Connecting, these dots form a bloom of bright orange tone. It differs from goblet rust in the form of pillow formations on the underside of the leaves. Which then turn into columns consisting of spores.

At the end of summer, the pillars take on a clear brown color. And the leaves seem to be covered with nap. The peculiarity of this type of rust is that the spores settle on coniferous crops. Fir and cedar are especially affected.

From currant bushes, the fungus moves to representatives of conifers, if any, in the neighborhood. Lives well and endures all the hardships there. It multiplies and, over time, safely moves back to the currant. The first signs of rust appear only in the first month of summer.

Columnar Rust Control Techniques

Planting currants is best organized at a decent distance from conifers. As a preventive measure - collection and destruction of all old and fallen currant leaves. It is desirable, or rather even recommended, to do this in the spring after wintering. And also in the autumn, before wintering. Thus, you do not leave the fungus a big chance to wake up from hibernation and start its active activity.

The soil must be loosened, regularly, thoroughly. And also weed. Ordinary wood ash will come to the rescue for prevention. As well as organic fertilizers. In early spring, you need to apply under each bush.

Top dressing and preparations

Necessary trace elements: zinc sulfate and copper. Should be present in the composition of the applied fertilizers in spring and autumn. Without such feeding, the plant does not receive the necessary substances for healthy development.

The drugs we have recommended for anthracnose control can also be used to prevent rust. In the spring with swelling of the kidneys and in the fall, spray with the preparations, observing the instructions for use. Bordeaux mixture is necessary when the infection has already occurred.

Terry (reversion of black currant)

The disease is viral. This is its peculiarity. The abilities of the virus are very strong. And the consequences of the activity are large-scale. A kidney mite is an active carrier of the virus. The most important and almost the only result of the presence of the virus on your plantings is a mutation of the varietal characteristics of the culture. The result is the infertility of the bush. In other words, even if the plant does not die, it becomes simply useless.

Terry symptoms

The shape of the leaf cover changes. They are lengthened. Sharp jagged edges are formed. The deformation is strong. The leaves can take on a three-leafed shape. The number of veins becomes much less. The color of the leaves becomes purple.

The change does not pass by and flowers. The petals of the inflorescence lengthen, the width decreases. The plant acquires a specific smell. Fruiting disappears to zero.

How to detect a disease

The period of detection of the disease is considered the time of active flowering of the culture. Already infected plants must be ruthlessly removed. It is simply impossible to kill the virus completely. It, like a fungus, easily spreads to neighboring, healthy plants.

Therefore, we do not regret good flowering or already formed fruits. Dig up the diseased bush and burn it. Not just throw it away. As stated above, the virus cannot be destroyed. Spraying with any preparations will not save you. And simple pruning of diseased shoots has no effect at all in this case.

Currant diseases: prevention of terry

We select the planting material with a very high quality. There should not be the slightest hint of any disease. The formation of a stable immunity in a plant to various diseases and pests is facilitated by fertilizing containing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

The presence of a large amount of nitrogen fertilizers in the soil helps to reduce the immunity of the plant.The ability to independently fight the disease decreases significantly. Therefore, at the stage of development of the bush, apply nitrogen fertilizers with caution.

Gathered the last harvest. Be sure to process each plant with Karbofos. Strictly follow the instructions for use.

Currant Diseases: Striped Mosaic

Another disease of viral origin. The signs that characterize this virus are few. A yellow-gray pattern simply forms on the leaves. Directly along the veins. In this case, the disease appears less frequently. Only when using cuttings propagation.

When grafting a stalk, it should only come from a healthy plant. The tool that was used to trim diseased shoots or cuttings must be processed very carefully. In some cases, aphids or a kidney mite can become a carrier.

How to treat striped mosaic

Unfortunately, no cure has been found for this virus. Therefore, all plants where the virus was found must be mercilessly destroyed. The best option is to burn it. Preventive methods can be applied standard for all types and varieties of currants.

White and red currants also have varietal diseases. They are slightly different from black currant diseases. Accordingly, the treatment is slightly different. The disease is very difficult to treat. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out prophylaxis with drugs. As well as folk methods.

Nectric drying of twigs and shoots

The defeat occurs mainly on young shoots of the plant. The marsupial mushroom is the causative agent of this disease.

The main symptoms are expressed:

• the formation of orange dots on shoots and twigs. Gradually, the dots increase in size. Take a lumpy brown formation;
• when spores accumulate in the tubercles. And also the color changes to bright black;
• the result is complete drying and death of the bush.

Drying out treatment

Varieties of white and red currants are susceptible to this disease. Treatment must be timely. If you delay, then the result is the same - the death of the plant completely. Already at the first symptoms, treatment should be started.

To begin with, carry out sanitary pruning of all shoots and branches where the presence of the fungus was found. The trimmings are only burned. It is necessary to process all the cuts. For disinfection, as a rule, Bordeaux liquid is used. After processing with garden pitch.

Prevention of drying out

Weeds around the bush must be removed systematically. Regular feeding with microelements necessary for the plant. There should be no fallen leaves. Rake it in time and be sure to burn it. If you follow all the rules of care, do not delay prevention, the disease, as a rule, will not bring such large-scale damage.

Pests, signs of appearance

It is not only a disease that can cause irreparable harm to currants. But also pests dangerous for the culture. The number of pests is very diverse. As a rule, almost all parts of the plant suffer from the activity of such insects.

Bushes are rapidly weakening. The harvest can simply be destroyed. The damage caused to plantings of currants is manifested not only in the activity of pests. They usually contribute to the spread of disease.

The most dangerous pests

Currant kidney mite. Features of the characteristics of the fungus can be considered wintering in those buds where it actively spent the summer period.

The presence of a disease on the bushes can be determined by the following signs:

• if a tick colonized in the buds last season, the bud in this case simply will not bloom. Swelling does not occur naturally. Typically, the kidney simply dries up and falls off. The fallen bud is still home to fungal spores. Perhaps even a tick. Having fallen to the ground, the tick simply moves to another shoot. And the process is repeated;
• if the number of mites in the bud is insignificant, the bud may bloom. But the deformation of the shoots will occur. Immaturity also occurs. And accordingly, the bush may not survive the future wintering, it will simply freeze out;
• the pest mite is omnivorous. When eating, it weakens the bush. Spends the winter on the shoots. And in early spring, the whole bush can attack. Most of all, a weak immunity to a tick in young twigs. And also shoots, leaves.

Aphid

Below we consider the signs of the presence of the parasite on the crop:

• in the spring, the insect emerges from the egg. The arrival of sufficiently humid, hot weather becomes a stabilizer for accelerated reproduction. Insects populate in such an interesting way - in waves. More than once a season;
• an adult, already ripe for reproduction, has a light green color. As a rule, you can notice them on a bush without even looking closely. Whole colonies are formed on the underside of the leaf plate. And also the tops are not excluded from the list of settlements of the parasite;
• there is a swelling of the affected leaves with light bubbles. And also the shoots are bent. As a result, the defeat, the full development of the plant freezes.

The methods of dealing with a parasite are, in principle, the same as with diseases. But do not forget about the usual prophylaxis. It is she who is able to radically change the situation. Just prevent aphids from appearing.

Glassware and Zlatka Currant

A very dangerous, high-speed parasite. Damage to the branches of the plant. A short period and favorable conditions are enough and the defeat will become large-scale. Almost all plantings of currants will simply die.

Signs of a parasite

• do you see withered shoots in early spring? You can safely take preventive measures to prevent the appearance of a pest on currants;
• to clarify the diagnosis, try cutting the wilted shoot. If you observe small dark passages, the presence of small larvae or caterpillars in the passages, the whole plant is damaged, the suspicions were confirmed.

Gooseberry moth

This pest is a butterfly. A noticeable feature is the presence of black and yellow spots on the wings. Generally, gooseberries are the main target of the moth. And also the currant attracts the insect with its aroma and taste.

The lower part of the leaf still suffers. Because this is where the butterfly lays its eggs. Already formed caterpillars begin to devour the entire green composition of the leaf. Midsummer, the period when the fed caterpillar forms a pupa and hangs on all branches.

Methods of dealing with moth

• to collect pupae by hand and urgently destroy;
• all plantings are urgently sprayed with Fitoverm. Or other, similar drugs.

Prevention is not the last in the fight:

• it is necessary to carefully cultivate the land throughout the season;
• in the autumn, treat the bushes and the soil around with urea.

Currant diseases: folk methods of struggle

Pruning and completely burning all damaged shoots. Be sure to dig up the soil around the bush and directly under the bush. To save a culture from an already appeared pest, a set of measures can be applied, dividing it into growing periods.

Preventive measures by periods

The buds have blossomed - apply an emulsion, 0.1% 25% anometrine-N, Confidor or Calypso. All drugs should be used strictly according to the instructions.

Before the start of mass flowering and after the end, the treatment is carried out with a gray colloid. It is this drug that can help in the fight against powdery mildew. And also the currant mite will not give a chance for comfortable activity in your plantings of currants. Spray the bushes and the soil under them with a suspension of sulfur, 0.5% in concentration. The recipe is suggested above in the text.

It took 20 days from the end of flowering. Apply 0.9% and 10% Karbofos emulsion for spraying. You can use Chlorophos, 0.3%.This period is special, since the release of the butterfly from the pupae takes place, they are ready for a new reproduction and laying of eggs. Be sure not to miss this period. The irreparable may happen, a new attack of young caterpillars on your berry plantations.

Traditional methods of pest control

To combat caterpillars, ticks, aphids, all sucking insect pests, spraying with infusions of plant origin is effective. We will consider some recipes below.

Take 100-200 grams of fresh garlic. Grind with a meat grinder, pour a bucket of water. Strain immediately. Can be used immediately after preparation;

We take onion peel about 200 grams, add to a bucket of water. Be sure to insist for at least 5 days. Strain and spray all those affected by the bush. The infusion can be used for prophylaxis. The most important! All herbal preparations can be used more often than chemical preparations.

What else to use?

The common dandelion can be used in its entirety. And leaves and roots. Pour 400 grams of material with heated water, but not boiling water, in the amount of 10 liters. Insist 2 hours and can be sprayed.

Take 1 kg of dried wormwood, pour three liters of water. Cook over low heat for no more than 15 minutes. Leave to stand for 5-6 hours. Strain the resulting infusion. Dilute in 10 liters of water. And spray the plant and the soil under it.

You can use young potato tops. Pour a kilogram of tops with a bucket of water. Insist for four hours. Strain and process the plants.

Currant diseases: prevention and care rules

Preventive measures help to avoid many problems. Maintain the health and excellent development of plants. The main thing is to strictly observe all the rules of agricultural technology. They are not just emphasized for each culture separately.

When planting, deepen the root collar by about 5 cm. Cut off excess shoots and main ones a little. Leave up to 3 buds for plant development. All work should be carried out in a timely manner. Annual sanitary pruning, according to all the rules.

Agricultural rules

Fresh manure as fertilizer is detrimental. It also has the opposite effect. Nitrogen fertilizers are generally used with caution. Especially in the autumn. And also when planting new seedlings. The best fertilizer always and everywhere will be ordinary wood ash.

In the fall, be sure to burn the collected foliage. Dig up the soil between the rows of bushes. Just before the colds. In the spring, when the sap flow in the plants has not yet begun, cut out all the old, twisted, any suspicious shoots. Be sure to treat the places where the cut was made with a solution of copper sulfate, 1%. And also cover the cuts with garden pitch.