Diseases of red currant: description, treatment. Pest control

The article describes the diseases of red currant, their treatment, pest control.

Almost every berry in our gardens has medicinal properties. Currants are no exception, on the contrary. The composition of its useful and healing substances is diverse, it gained fame a very long time ago and since then the demand for berry bushes has not diminished. There are many varieties and varieties of this culture. Each has common qualities, but there are also characteristics. But it is sad to realize that currants can not only heal, but hurt and be attacked by pests-sama. In our article we will consider the most dangerous and common pests and, no less dangerous diseases of red currants, we will select preventive methods and direct methods of dealing with the problem of parasite damage.

Red currant is quite unpretentious in terms of caring for it, simple actions allow you to get excellent results. The most important rule is adherence to the standard rules of agricultural technology, selected specifically for this berry. A violation will certainly affect development, and you will simply make life easier for diseases and pests, they will be able to infect your plantings without hindrance. There are unnecessary problems with the time spent on care, material costs increase, since it is necessary to purchase drugs for processing if there are no helpers. Additional work on the site, the purpose of which is a healing process for currants. You will not just buy the necessary funds, each has its own operating direction. Therefore, you need to know: what kind of pest or disease settled in the red currant bushes. Black and red currant varieties have almost identical enemies. This article will help you figure it out;

• what pests prevail on red currants;
• known diseases that cause minor or, conversely, very large-scale damage to your garden;
• the most important thing is to analyze the common methods of dealing with the problem that has arisen.

Diseases of red currant: description and methods of control

1.1 Diseases of red currant: reversion.

Disease of red currant, which exposes its activity mainly to varieties of black currant, but more and more cases of infection of red currant are detected. The originator of the appearance of this sore is the kidney mite. The tick on its own will not be able to fly from a neighboring area, or be transferred by any insect. He gets into your garden with the already infected seedlings brought for planting. Having penetrated into your garden, the disease will not leave it for a long time, for 5-6 years it can wander from bush to bush.

There is a very remarkable sign of the appearance of a sore: the shape of the flowers becomes slightly needle-like (curly), with a terry frame, the color changes to purple. The first area that suffers from the disease is the leaves. Gradually they become small, the shape is reduced to an irregular, aromatic, specific, beloved by all currant aroma, it simply evaporates. A frame in the form of large denticles appears along the edge of the sheet. The bush begins to gain density at an increased speed, fruiting practically disappears completely. After a while, the diseased bush simply loses its varietal characteristics.

Why does this red currant disease have such dire consequences? The onset of infection is very difficult to identify, proceeds imperceptibly to the simple eye.It is recommended that you conduct a regular, thorough examination of each bush. Not only after planting a seedling for permanent residence, but also within 3-4 years. Adjacent bushes are also inspected for the presence of reversion.

Let's highlight a few points on the prevention and treatment of red currant disease:

• to prevent the spread of sores on your plantings, spray the bushes with colloidal sulfur, acaricides, special preparations, you can also use in the same direction (for example, drugs - Nitrafen, Vertimek). If you take biological agents, then gardeners recommend - Aktofit, Fitoverm;
• the beginning of bud break, the period of bud formation - at this time it is necessary to carry out the processing procedure;
• any injured, or simply damaged, branches are immediately cut out and must be burned in the designated place;
• when you notice an extensive defeat of a bush, or several bushes, you need to resort to more serious measures - the bush must be completely dug out. With this action, you can save the rest, neighboring, still healthy bushes.

In general, it is possible to exclude the defeat of the red currant disease by 80-90%. It is necessary to place all the seedlings purchased somewhere, even in a special nursery, in Fitoverm solution, to stand for at least 2-3 days, it will help in the future to avoid the "epidemic" of berry infection. There is also a popular method of disinfection. Apply regular tea leaves in proportion to water: a bucket of water + 250 grams of tea leaves. The garlic smell scares off the tick, we recommend planting garlic beds next to the currants, or at least a couple of bulbs under each bush.

Red currant disease Reversion: photo

1.2 Diseases of red currant: septoria (white spot).

This disease of red currants belongs to fungal diseases, it spreads by spores, which means that it spreads very rapidly to almost all plantings of currants. Enough windy weather or invasion of insect pollinators, or just insects - these facts contribute to lightning-fast damage to plants in vast areas. Already in the first half of June, you can find the first symptoms of the appearance of a fungus on currants. The appearance of rounded spots of a gray shade on the leaves, along the edges of the leaf a brown edging. A little time passes and you can observe light blotches, black, on the sheet plate. These points are the spores of the parasitic fungus, only ripe, ready to cause irreparable damage to the plant itself and, accordingly, to your long-awaited harvest. Urgent action is needed to prevent further growth and spread to neighbors. If this is not done, the foliage dries out completely, falling off occurs. The chloroform synthesis necessary for green spaces is simply disrupted. Without this biological process, the bush simply cannot exist, the plant dies.

If preventive methods have not helped, treatment should be carried out without delay. Let's highlight some ways:
-Cuprozan is a preparation containing copper. Carry out contact treatment of each branch on each bush. The concentration of the solution is 0.4%. Can be replaced with colloidal sulfur, 1%, spray the plant;

-fungicides are also used for spraying. For example-Acrobat, Ridomil, Fitosporin;
- urgently remove the entire branch or even the shoot from the root if at least one infected leaf is found. Removing this leaf will not save the entire bush. The infection has already happened and what you saw is only a part.
The effectiveness of the measures taken is visible if the disease manifested itself at an early stage, not a neglected option. Examine all currant bushes not only throughout the season, but also from the beginning of the vegetative activity of the plant, that is, from the first summer days.

Red currant disease White spot: photo

1.3 Anthracnose.

The appearance of this type of disease appears already in mid-May. The first signs are tiny specks appear on the foliage, not very much, brown, slightly with a red tint. The number is rapidly increasing, all small dots merge. Already the entire leaf plate is under the power of the infection. The leaves are painted in a rich, brown-red color. The lethargy of the affected foliage does not allow the entire plant to continue its full development. Partial infestation allows the bushes to bear fruit, but the harvest is small, in small quantities. Taste qualities lose their specific brightness, sweetness disappears, spicy-sour taste prevails. Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of an already manifest disease exist. Let's emphasize some:

• use Bordeaux liquid, or Nitrofen solution, at a concentration of no more than 3%. Application is necessary until the buds bloom on currants;
• before flowering or after the last harvest, spray the plants with 3% copper oxychloride, can be replaced with 1% Bordeaux liquid;
• found damaged leaves are subject to immediate collection and complete destruction, in the best option, burn in the designated place.

Important information! Anthracnose is a red currant disease that prefers increased moisture. Prolonged, damp weather contributes to the vigorous activity of the disease. An enhanced, at best daily, thorough examination of each bush is required. Carry out such preventive examinations even after every heavy rain. This will help you identify that elusive moment when the infection begins to manifest itself, expressed in the first reddening of individual leaves.

Red currant disease Anthracnose: photo

1.4 Diseases of red currant: goblet rust.

The essence of the fungal disease of red currant is revealed in the name itself. Formation of the disease is pronounced, growths appear, similar in appearance to the shape of a glass. Not only the underside of the leaf plate suffers from such an outgrowth, flowers and berries are damaged. The color of the sores is red, and the pronounced, reddish hue makes it possible to compare with rust, so they came up with the appropriate name.

Rust is spread by spores stored in small containers that resemble flat orange pillows. When a leaf changes its usual green color, it is too late to heal. The inevitable fall of foliage occurs. In this case, the fruits suffer no less. The development process slows down, food and taste qualities are completely lost. Their value is reduced to zero. This is the harmful activity of rust. The damage to the foliage can be partial, the worst thing is that the future crop is infected, that is, the disease can greatly affect fruiting. Due to such an extensive activity, it is necessary to start preventive actions very early, during the swelling of the kidneys, but before the appearance of the first leaves:

• spray with 1% Bordeaux liquid in three stages: before the formation of leaves, the flowering time is over, spray it a second time, after seven days carry out the third irrigation with the drug. This must be done carefully, each branch separately, without depriving even the trunk and root zone of attention;
• the development of the fungus will help to suspend the solution of fungicides-Topaz, Previkur;
• products containing copper and colloidal sulfur can also effectively help in the fight against the disease;
• extensive sedge thickets are favorable neighbors for the vigorous activity of the fungus. All the preventive actions carried out do not make sense, effectiveness will not follow if you do not destroy the neighbor, which contributes to the appearance of negative consequences for the currants;

There is a similar disease of red currant, expressed in the appearance of orange dots on the branches.It is called -nextrievoe drying. No treatment will help save the bush from certain death. There is only one way out - urgent cutting of the entire affected part, which must be burned. Treat the place of cuts with a solution of Bordeaux liquid.

Disease of red currant Goblet rust: photo

1.5 Diseases of red currant: spheroteka (powdery mildew).

The second name for the disease of red currant appeared for a reason. External signs resemble flour dust, a plaque is formed, white in color. All parts of the bush are capable of suffering from ailment. Spheroteka does not particularly choose where to lead an active way of existence.

You can notice the first appearance in late spring and early summer. The affected foliage begins to curl, deformation of the stems occurs, a little later they simply dry out. The development of fruits slows down, in a severe case, the berries simply stop their development, all varietal, taste, and outwardly attractive qualities disappear. Pest spores live in formed container houses, which are fixed on currant bushes with small suction cups. There is a rapid formation of entire colonies. The parasite is active. If you do not take any measures, completely start your site, then the destruction of the berry is not far off. Just a couple of years is enough. Even subsequent new plantings may suffer, so the fungus will not go anywhere, and digging up and destroying all diseased bushes does not mean killing the parasitic fungus.

The fight against dew must be started at the first manifestation. At the initial stage, even simple folk remedies can help:

• powdered sulfur has very effective properties. With this powder, pollinate the moistened bushes. The peculiarity of such processing is to be carried out in a hot time of the day;
• in a simple infusion of mullein, bacteria are formed that can completely destroy not only the consequences of the activity of the fungus, but also the mycelium itself. How to prepare the necessary infusion? Pour some of the manure with water in a ratio of 1: 3 with the starting material, be sure to insist for at least 4 days, dilute the already fermented solution again in the same proportion. Proceed with direct processing of an infected plant or several. Manure can be easily replaced with rotting foliage or hay;
• soap solution can bring equally effective results. All the proportions below are calculated for 1 liter of water: laundry soap 25 grams + 2.5 g of copper sulphate, 4 g of soda ash + 4 g of soap, 10 g of any soap, mix with 3 grams of baking soda, salicylic acid 1 g and denatured 5 grams;
• the well-known specific smell of garlic can work wonders. You can just plant the garlic next to or under the currant bush. But you will achieve greater efficiency using garlic infusion. Grind the cloves, pour 1 liter of water, leave for at least a day. We choose the time for spraying in the evening, repeat the procedure, preferably several times (the smell disappears over time), you can once a week;
• from a wide range of drugs, you can advise the proven ones - Nitrafen, Oxyhom. Of the fungicides, you can use the well-known Vectra and Topaz.

Planting marigolds and horsetail will serve as another (not strong) tool in the fight against powdery mildew. Place their plantings near the berry. The effect can be noticeable, the action of this method is safe for all living creatures nearby and for humans. And just beautiful.

Red currant disease Powdery mildew: photo

Pests of red currants and the fight against them

The reason for the appearance of any infection on the plantings of red currants is not only the spores of various fungi and bacteria. Flying and crawling insects can do great harm to red currants.Moving between the bushes, they actively carry various infections, which, subsequently, will turn into a large-scale threat to plants and crops. Approach to the selection of a drug for pest control draw attention to the presence of the nervous system in the parasite.

Over time, addiction develops to certain compositions of the selected remedy. The action of those after habituation is ineffective. The addiction begins within two years. Therefore, there is a need to periodically change the means to fight. Then there will be no adaptation in insects, and the treatment will bring its results. It is advisable to poison insects only as a last resort. It is better to use folk remedies, both for prevention and for the destruction of small formations of the pest. Experienced summer residents use such means to scare away pests from areas planted with berry bushes. The action of folk remedies is environmentally friendly, safe for humans and animals in any scenario.

2.1 The sawfly.

This insect inflicts tremendous harm on berry bushes. Revealed external resemblance to an ordinary fly, of the same small stature. A sawfly midge appears from cocoons, at a time when young leaves begin their vital activity. The process of laying eggs begins, the slits of the sheet plate serve as the chosen place. The larvae develop by feeding on the leaves. Measures not taken in time will allow the larvae to destroy all the green cover. The plant does not receive the necessary nutrition and dies. The sawfly itself is quite noticeable and it is not difficult to find it: the larvae develop into false caterpillars with a light green body, the head is bright brown.
Treatment for the destruction of the pest is simple:

• the use of standard chemicals, such as the well-known Spark;
• make a solution of garden wormwood and ordinary tobacco, spray the plants. Has a deterrent effect;
• manual collection, shaking off, all the larvae visible to the eye on a film located under the bush or any other smooth flooring. The harvested larvae must be destroyed;
• ignoring the presence of an insect on a currant will lead to the destruction of plantings and the crop itself. Reproduction of the sawfly is progressive, it is capable of breeding two generations per season.

Pest of red currant Sawfly: photo

2.2 Leaf roll.

The representative of this parasite of red currant is a butterfly, its color is dark brown, a remarkable pattern on the wings in the form of a triangle, the laying of eggs occurs on currant stems, in some cases on buds. The appearance of caterpillars brings the death of the flower closer, since nutrition occurs with the insides of the inflorescences. Young, green twigs suffer, which are also destroyed by the devourer. The second generation is capable of destroying the entire crop.

The name comes from the ability of the caterpillar to wrap itself in leaves, form cocoons, wrapped in cobwebs. To combat, you can apply the following:

• insecticides Phosphamide, Ripcord, apply in early spring by spraying;
• discovered cocoons are immediately destroyed, to prevent the emergence of an adult butterfly;
• infusion of tobacco dust in combination with soap will bring a significant effect;
• elderberry is a plant that can repel insects. Plant an elderberry bush near and part of the prevention has been completed;
• you can make a fire when there is no wind, carry out fumigation with smoke.

Pest of red currant Sawfly: photo

2.3 Outrage.

Caterpillar, green, with black head color. It settles on leaves and bunches of berries, envelops them with cobwebs. The detection of such a picture suggests that a pest has appeared on the site. It feeds on buds, moves to inflorescences, if the plant did not have time to die after the fire attack, it will enjoy the fruits. Caterpillars are swift, very quickly devour the whole plant.

The most effective drugs are considered: Rovikurt (before the formation of buds), after flowering, apply-Fufanon. During the period of fruit ripening, use exclusively biopreparations-Fitoverm, Iskra-Bio. If planting is small, use manual picking of damaged berries. From folk advice, a decoction of tobacco, needles, wormwood.

Pest of red currant Ognevka: photo

2.4 Aphids.

Forms colonies, small insect, pale green color. Reproduction is rapid and multiple, enough to cover the entire plant. The tops of the currants are the first to suffer, the leaves later turn yellow, curl. The development of the bush freezes. Treat berry plantings with Fitoverm, Taran, Karbofos. There are folk methods-decoctions of wormwood, chamomile, wormwood. If these plants are planted along or under bushes, the effect will be slow but constant.

Pest of red currant Aphids: photo

2.5 Moth.

Another representative of red currant pest butterflies. The color, of course, attracts with its beauty - white wings with black and blue spots, a yellow body. The spectacle in this case is very deceiving. The butterfly is a malicious pest. The caterpillar almost completely destroys the greens, gnawing through the foliage. On the lower part of the leaf forms a cocoon, rather heavy. The leaf breaks down and falls off. The fight is carried out with Karbofos, sprayed. Traditional methods are to apply the decoctions listed above.

Pest of red currant moth: photo

2.6 Tick.

Above, the diseases of red currant were discussed, and the name was mentioned. But there is also a spider mite pest. In some cases, it can be confused with a simple spider. It is sucked to the bush, feeding occurs with the juice of cells of young leaves and shoots. The vital activity of the currant is disrupted. Immunity decreases, the plant is not able to fight the attack of the insect. A change in the color of the leaves, turn pale, after yellowing, indicates that the settlement has taken place. The leaves dry out in a short period. For destruction, spray the bushes with biological agents - Infusions and decoctions of tomato tops, chamomile, wormwood, dandelion. Karbofos, Fufanon-apply in case of extensive spread of the tick. Insecticides-Fitoverm. Liquid soap solutions as prophylaxis. The greatest danger of a tick is carried by various viruses and fungal diseases.

Pest of red currant Mite: photo

2.7. Glass bean.

The currant has not yet bloomed, and the plant is withering - the diagnosis is known, it is the Glassy girl who has settled. The larvae are very small. They are invisible because they parasitize inside the trunk. They completely eat away the internal composition. They stay in the same place until next season. Early in the spring they leave the shelter, build pupa cocoons. The improvised methods are not effective. Strong artillery required.

Experienced gardeners use long-term therapy:
- Leave the cuttings in the sand soaked in a biological solution that contains nematodes. Direction of the preparation directly for the glass case;
-spray tobacco dust, ash, ground pepper on the soil and thoroughly loosen;
-before bud break-treatment with Antonem-F;
- it is possible to apply the folk methods listed above, the smells of some plants scare away, but the bird cherry in the neighborhood, on the contrary, attracts the attention of the glass.

Pest of red currant Glassy: photo

2.8 Gallitz

The representative eating the stem inside. The branches begin to darken, break off, the bark forms cracks. The foliage turns yellow and falls off. The pest is activated at the time of flowering. In the cracks, it forms clutches of eggs, for the larvae that have appeared a large space is opened up for eating. Lumpy, red spots form on the leaves.

To combat this red currant pest:

• fluff lime is mixed with tobacco dust in a 1: 1 ratio, process the root area;
• wood ash or naphthalene;
• chemicals - Karate, Kemifos;
• you can apply vitriol for spraying;
• the bug-antakoris is the enemy of the gall midge, you can artificially attract it to the plantings of currants, just plant dill next to it.

Pest of red currant Gallica: photo

Red currant: prevention of diseases and pests

For prevention:

• in the fall, dig up the entire soil surface under the bush;
• leaves must be collected and burned;
• regularly inspect your bushes, found damaged leaves and shoots, urgently remove;
• fungicide treatment before leafing out;
• feeding should be regular;
• select only healthy material for planting;
• it is advisable to choose varieties of currants that are resistant to diseases,

Diseases of red currants and pests: useful video